Abstract: A communication terminal and a method of transmitting data. The communication terminal and the method includes transmitting, at a prescribed timing, first information from the communication terminal to a management system that manages communication between the communication terminal and a counterpart communication terminal, and transmitting from the communication terminal to the management system second information to be sent from the management system to the counterpart communication terminal connected to the management system through a network, when the management system does not receive the first information transmitted from the communication terminal for a prescribed length of time. The second information includes status information of each of a plurality of communication applications that operate in the communication terminal.

Abstract: A plurality of control apparatuses each stores, in a memory, relay device identification information for identifying one or more relay devices of a plurality of relay devices available for selection by the control apparatus, and selects, in response to connection of a first communication terminal to the control apparatus, one of the one or more relay devices having the relay device identification information stored in the memory as a first relay device to be connected to the first communication terminal to relay content data for the first communication terminal under control of the control apparatus.

Abstract: A disclosed control system configured to control transmission of content data between communication terminals includes one or more processors, and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the control system to receive a transmission request including attribute information indicating an attribute of the content data for transmitting the content data from a first communication terminal, and perform control for transmitting the content data to a second communication terminal specified based on the destination information in response to the attribute information being in a predetermined format, the predetermined format including destination information indicating a destination of the content data and to perform control for transmitting the content data to a third communication terminal that has requested reception of the content data having the attribute indicated by the attribute information in response to the attribute information not being in the predetermined form

Abstract: A management system for managing a session for transmitting content data between a first terminal and a second terminal via a first relay apparatus and a second relay apparatus is provided. The management system includes a determination unit configured to determine a transmission quality of the content data transmitted in the session based on a transmission quality of the content data available for the first terminal and a transmission quality available for the second terminal, a first selection unit configured to select a first relay apparatus to which the first terminal is to be connected based on the determined transmission quality, and a second selection unit configured to select a second relay apparatus to which the second terminal is to be connected.

Abstract: A session control system controls establishing a session to transmit contents data between communication terminals, in a communication system including multiple relay management devices managing relaying the contents data transmitted from the communication terminals. The session control system includes a selection unit configured to select one of the relay management devices to manage relaying the contents data, every time the session is to be established; and a transmitter unit configured to transmit selection information representing the relay management device selected by the selection unit, at least to the communication terminals being connected with the relay management devices different from the relay management device selected by the selection unit, among the communication terminals to be participating in the session to be established.

Abstract: A communication system is provided that includes a communication terminal that stores at least one program and a plurality of update apparatuses that provide update data for updating the program to the communication terminal. The communication terminal includes a memory that stores update apparatus information associated with communication bandwidth information, and processing circuitry that calculates an actual bandwidth obtained from a previous downloading of previous update data, determines an update apparatus for downloading next update data based on the calculated actual bandwidth and the update apparatus information stored in the memory, and downloads the next update data from the determined update apparatus.

Abstract: An authentication system, a communication system, and a method of performing authentication and authorization. The authentication system and the method include establishing a first connection with a communication terminal after performing authentication with client certificate sent from the communication terminal, outputting authorization data corresponding to the client certificate, the authorization data indicating authorization for the communication terminal to access a resource, and controlling the communication terminal to transmit the authorization data to a resource provision system through a second connection different from the first connection. The communication system includes the authentication system, and a resource provision system that checks the authorization data and provides the communication terminal with the resource.

Abstract: A communication control apparatus control establishment of sessions for transmitting content data between communication terminals in a communication system having relay management apparatuses for relaying the content data transmitted from the communication terminals, includes a route setter configured to select one or more relay management apparatuses to set a route for transmitting the content data, based on delay information for each of the sessions, a selector to select, from the selected relay management apparatuses, a relay management apparatus to synthesize the content data to transmit the synthesized content data to the communication terminals that join the session, and a transmitter to transmit selection information indicating the selected relay management apparatus to, among the communication terminals that join the established session, at least one communication terminal coupled to a relay management apparatus differing from the selected relay management apparatus.

Abstract: An authentication system, a communication system, and an authentication method. The authentication system and the authentication method include receiving additional information where first identification information of a communication terminal is added to second identification information of a target to be authenticated, and authenticating the target to be authenticated using the second identification information of the target to be authenticated. When the target to be authenticated is authenticated by the authenticating, an account associated with the additional information is authorized to receive information that is sent from the communication terminal to another communication terminal.

Abstract: A control apparatus determines one of a plurality of relay devices as a representative relay device to manage a relay destination of content data in a session to be established. In response to receiving a request for starting relay of content data, from a communication terminal, the control apparatus transmits, with a request for starting relay of content data, relay device identification information for identifying the representative relay device to a relay device connected to the communication terminal, to cause the relay device to further transmit the request for starting relay of content data to the representative relay device identified with the relay device identification information of the representative relay device.

Abstract: A communication terminal and a method of transmitting data. The communication terminal and the method includes transmitting, at a prescribed timing, first information from the communication terminal to a management system that manages communication between the communication terminal and a counterpart communication terminal, and transmitting from the communication terminal to the management system second information to be sent from the management system to the counterpart communication terminal connected to the management system through a network, when the management system does not receive the first information transmitted from the communication terminal for a prescribed length of time. The second information includes status information of each of a plurality of communication applications that operate in the communication terminal.

Abstract: A control system includes first and second control devices. The first control device is connected to a first communication terminal to control a session for sending and receiving contents data. The second control device is connected to a second communication terminal to control a session for sending and receiving contents data. The first control device receives a start request for starting communication between the communication terminals, and sends the start request to the second communication terminal. The second control device receives authorization for starting communication between the first and second communication terminals, and sends the authorization to the first communication terminal.

Abstract: A management system for managing at least one function to be executed in a communication terminal. The management system includes a reception unit that receives identification information about the communication terminal from the communication terminal; a storage unit that stores a service period set for each of functions associated with pieces of identification information about communication terminals; a specification unit that specifies, from the functions associated with the received identification information, functions within the service periods; and a transmission unit that transmits function information indicating the specified functions to the communication terminal.

Abstract: A management system, a method of controlling communication, and a communication system. The management system and method includes receiving a request to distribute information related to a prescribed attribute from a first communication terminal that is authenticated by a first client, receiving a request to receive a message related to the prescribed attribute from a second communication terminal that is authenticated by a second client, and controlling distribution of the information related to the prescribed attribute to the second communication terminal based on whether a first service that is used by the first client and a second service that is used by the second client are each associated with the prescribed attribute. The communication system includes a first communication terminal executing a first application, a second communication terminal executing a second application, and a management system to communicate with the first communication terminal and the second communication terminal.

Abstract: A management system includes a reception unit configured to receive identification information for identifying an account, allocated by an authentication apparatus, corresponding to a terminal, the terminal being authenticated by the authentication apparatus, and a management unit configured to determine whether a function provided by the management system can be used by the terminal based on the identification information received by the reception unit.

Abstract: A management system, a communication system, and a transmission control method. The management system includes a receiver to receive information of a predetermined attribute, circuitry to determine whether the predetermined attribute is associated with a client, and a transmitter to send the information received by the receiver to a communication terminal that is authenticated by a client when the predetermined attribute is associated with the client. The communication system includes an authentication system and a management system. The authentication system includes an acceptance unit to accept an authentication request from a client, and an authentication processing unit to authenticate the client. In the communication system, the authentication system and the management system communicate with each other through a communication network.

Abstract: A communication terminal, a communication system and an output method. The communication terminal and the output method include storing, in a memory, a plurality of communication applications including a first communication application and a second communication application, outputting first status information indicating a first status of the first communication application according to a call control information transmitted by the first communication application, and outputting second status information indicating a second status of the second communication application according to a resource that is used by the first communication application in the first status. The communication system includes a publish-subscribe server and the communication terminal, and the communication terminal further includes sending a pub request to publish the call control information and a sub request to subscribe to the call control information to the publish-subscribe server.

Abstract: A control apparatus includes at least one processor configured to receive a request from a first communications terminal from among a plurality of communications terminals to select one or more relay apparatuses that relay content data transmitted and received between the first communications terminal and a second communications terminal from among the communications terminals; select one or more relay apparatuses included in one or more networks usable by the first communications terminal and the second communications terminal in response to the received request; and transmit identification information of the selected one or more relay apparatuses to the first communications terminal.

Abstract: A management system for managing a session for transmitting content data between a first terminal and a second terminal via a first relay apparatus and a second relay apparatus is provided. The management system includes a determination unit configured to determine a transmission quality of the content data transmitted in the session based on a transmission quality of the content data available for the first terminal and a transmission quality available for the second terminal, a first selection unit configured to select a first relay apparatus to which the first terminal is to be connected based on the determined transmission quality, and a second selection unit configured to select a second relay apparatus to which the second terminal is to be connected.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present invention include a communication terminal, a communication method, and a communication control program stored on a non-transitory recording medium, each of which is capable of communicating with a counterpart terminal via a network. While communicating with a counterpart communication terminal being a first counterpart terminal, the communication terminal displays, on a display, second-terminal-specific information regarding an image forming apparatus as a candidate of a second counterpart terminal. In response to a user instruction that selects the image forming apparatus as the second counterpart terminal, the communication terminal communicates with the selected image forming apparatus to transmit image data to the selected image forming apparatus through the network.