Abstract: A coagulating cutter according to the present invention comprises: a transmitting member for transmitting energy, for treating living body tissue, to the living body tissue; an outer sheath through which the transmitting member is passed; and a grasping section supported at the tip end portion of the outer sheath so as to be capable of turning with respect to the transmitting member, which allows the living body tissue to be grasped against the transmitting member.

Abstract: An ultrasonic operating apparatus having an ultrasonic oscillator to generate ultrasonic oscillation, an oscillation transmitting member for transmitting ultrasonic oscillation, which has a proximal end connected to the ultrasonic oscillator, a jaw which grasps a living tissue in a clearance to the distal end of the oscillation transmitting member, a control unit which opens/closes the jaw with respect to the distal end of the oscillation transmitting member, and an instruction unit which detects that the jaw is closed by the control unit, and instructs the ultrasonic oscillator to output oscillation energy to generate ultrasonic oscillation when the jaw is closed.

Abstract: A coagulating cutter according to the present invention comprises: a transmitting member for transmitting energy, for treating living body tissue, to the living body tissue; an outer sheath through which the transmitting member is passed; and a grasping section supported at the tip end portion of the outer sheath so as to be capable of turning with respect to the transmitting member, which allows the living body tissue to be grasped against the transmitting member.

Abstract: Improved processes for producing an ?-caprolactam using a solid catalyst and for producing a catalyst which can be used in the production of ?-caprolactam are provided. In the present invention, a solid catalyst such as a zeolite is treated with an aqueous solution containing an ammonia and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium compounds and lower alkylamines. In accordance with the present invention, a zeolite having a high catalyst activity and a long lifetime is produced, and a solid catalyst which has been used in the production of ?-caprolactam can be re-activated. In the present invention, by using the thus obtained zeolite and/or the thus activated solid catalyst, an ?-caprolactam is produced in a high yield over the long period of time.

Abstract: Improved processes for producing an &egr;-caprolactam using a solid catalyst and for producing a catalyst which can be used in the production of &egr;-caprolactam are provided. In the present invention, a solid catalyst such as a zeolite is treated with an aqueous solution containing an ammonia and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium compounds and lower alkylamines. In accordance with the present invention, a zeolite having a high catalyst activity and a long lifetime is produced, and a solid catalyst which has been used in the production of &egr;-caprolactam can be re-activated. In the present invention, by using the thus obtained zeolite and/or the thus activated solid catalyst, an &egr;-caprolactam is produced in a high yield over the long period of time.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing &egr;-caprolactam from cyclohexanone oxime by using a zeolite or non-zeolitic material as a catalyst under gas phase reaction conditions. The method comprises a reaction step converting cyclohexanone oxime into &egr;-caprolactam in the presence of the zeolite or non-zeolitic material; and a regeneration step of treating the zeolite or non-zeolitic material with a non-oxidizing gas at a temperature of from about 100°C. to about 600° C.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing &egr;-caprolactam from cyclohexanone oxime. The process comprises a evaporation step of a mixture of cyclohexanone oxime and a solvent by introducing the mixture into a fluidized bed in which inert particles is fluidized by an inert gas, the particles having heat enough to evaporate the mixture; and a rearrangement step of cyclohexanone oxime in the evaporated mixture into &egr;-caprolactam by a gas phase Beckmann rearrangement reaction using a solid catalyst, excluding a catalyst consisting of a boric acid or a boron oxide.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing &egr;-caprolactam from cyclohexanone oxime by using a zeolite or non-zeolitic material as a catalyst under gas phase reaction conditions. The method comprises a reaction step converting cyclohexanone oxime into &egr;-caprolactam in the presence of the zeolite or non-zeolitic material; and a regeneration step of treating the zeolite or non-zeolitic material with a non-oxidizing gas at a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 600° C.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing &egr;-caprolactam from cyclohexanone oxime. The process comprises a evaporation step of a mixture of cyclohexanone oxime and a solvent by introducing the mixture into a fluidized bed in which inert particles is fluidized by an inert gas, the particles having heat enough to evaporate the mixture; and a rearrangement step of cyclohexanone oxime in the evaporated mixture into &egr;-caprolactam by a gas phase Beckmann rearrangement reaction using a solid catalyst, excluding a catalyst consisting of a boric acid or a boron oxide.

Abstract: A process for producing adipic acid is provided which comprises a step of oxidizing hydroxycaproic acid and/or &egr;-caprolactone with oxygen or oxygen-containing gas using a metal in the platinum group as a catalyst. According to the process, adipic acid is produced without using nitric acid, which becomes the main factor responsible for the by-production of nitrogen oxides, and without using any particularly high-pressure conditions.

Abstract: A process for producing a pentacyl-type crystalline zeolite is provided which comprises the steps of (i) preparing a mixture of a silicon compound, water and tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide, (ii) conducting a hydrothermal reaction of the mixture to obtain a reaction mixture containing zeolite crystals, (iii) separating zeolite crystals from the reaction mixture to collect a remaining solution, (iv) calcinating the resulting zeolite crystals, (v) treating the calcinated zeolite crystals with a solution such as ammonia water and (vi) recycling the solution collected in step (iii) to step (i), wherein in the mixture prepared in step (i) a molar ratio of hydroxide ion to silicon is from about 0.1 to about 0.4 and a molar ratio of potassium to silicon is about 0.1 or less. With this process, a zeolite catalyst having good performance can be produced with good reproducibility.

Abstract: In the production of .epsilon.-caprolactam from cyclohexanon oxime in gaseous phase in the presence of solid catalysts, the catalysts, no matter whether they may have worked, are brought into contact with either aqueous solution of ammonium salts and at least one basic material or ammonia water.

Abstract: .epsilon.-Caprolactam is prepared by bringing cyclohexanone oxime into contact in gas phase with solid catalysts such as a zeolite catalyst in the presence of at least one nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, methylamines and .epsilon.-caprolactam.

Abstract: In the production of .epsilon.-caprolactam from cyclohexanon oxime in gaseous phase in the presence of solid catalysts, the catalysts, no matter whether they may have worked, are brought into contact with either aqueous solution of ammonium salts and at least one basic material or ammonia water.

Abstract: Carbonaceous materials deposited on solid catalysts and produced, for example, in Beckmann rearrangement in a gaseous phase are burned off by effecting the treatment in the presence of alcohols such as methanol or ethanol together with molecular oxygen-containing gas in order to regenerate the catalyst activity.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing organic compounds are removed from crystalline metallosilicates containing the same by firing the crystalline metallosilicates in the presence of a gas containing molecular oxygen and additionally a lower alcohol represented by the formula (I):R--OH (I)wherein R represents an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for producing hydroxylammonium salts of hydrogenating nitrogen monoxide in an acidic medium in the presence of a catalyst which is prepared by subjecting a platinum compound to a first reductive treatment with a thiosulfate or a thiosulfate combined with an alkali metal sulfide in the presence of a catalyst carrier, and a second reductive treatment with a reductant selected from the group consisting of formic acid, hydrogen, hydrazine and sodium borohydride at a temperature of 50.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: .epsilon.-caprolactam is produced by gas phase reaction of cyclohexanone oxime using a solid acid as a catalyst in the presence of a compound represented by the formula (I): R.sub.1 --O--R.sub.2 (wherein R.sub.1 represents a lower alkyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group) such as a lower alcohol or an ether compound. The solid acid includes a crystalline metallosilicate or a crystalline silicate.

Abstract: A method for producing cycloolefins, useful as an intermediate for lysine, caprolactam, adipic acid etc., by the partial hydrogenation of corresponding aromatic hydrocarbons with a hydrogen gas in the presence of water and a catalyst comprising barium sulfate as a carrier and ruthenium and one or more metals selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, silver and copper supported on the carrier, characterized by incorporating one or more metal oxides selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide in the reaction system.

Abstract: A method for producing cycloolefins useful as an intermediate material for lysine, caprolactam, adipic acid, medicines, agricultural chemicals, dyes and the like, which comprises partial hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons with hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst composed of barium sulfate which is a carrier as well as ruthenium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, silver and copper supported on said barium sulfate, and water.