Abstract: A photosensitive element comprising a support film, a barrier layer, and a photosensitive layer in this order, wherein the barrier layer contains a water-soluble resin and an ultraviolet absorber.

Abstract: Provided is a surface-modified nanodiamond having excellent dispersibility in an organic solvent, and a method capable of introducing various surface-modifying groups and easily producing surface-modified nanocarbon particles with little zirconia contamination. The surface-modified nanodiamond includes nanodiamond particles and a group that surface-modifies the nanodiamond particles and is represented by Formula (1): —X—R1 (1) [where X represents —NH—, —O—, —O—C(?O)—, —C(?O)—O—, —NH—C(?O)—, —C(?O)—NH—, or —S—; the bond extending left from X is bonded to a nanodiamond particle; R1 represents a monovalent organic group that does not have a hydroxy group, carboxy group, amino group, mono-substituted amino group, terminal alkenyl group, and terminal epoxy group; an atom bound to X is a carbon atom; and a molar ratio of carbon atoms to the total amount of heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, and silicon atoms is 4.5 or greater.

Abstract: A UART sets a predetermined threshold remaining data amount n, which defines an interrupt position, in a transmission trigger detector before data transmission is completed, checks if a trigger, which indicates the value of a read pointer RP or a count value N has reached a position indicated by the setting, has occurred and, if the trigger has occurred, causes a trigger detector to output a interrupt output control signal to an internal interrupt circuit to perform internal interrupt processing. Upon detecting this trigger, the internal interrupt circuit outputs an internal interrupt signal. When all data has not yet been transmitted from a transmission FIFO circuit, a CPU of a host controls the amount of data to be transferred to the transmission FIFO circuit, considering the threshold n, to prevent data in that circuit from being overwritten.

Abstract: A license information ascertainment device ascertains whether software to be executed conforms to an appropriate license contract. The license information ascertainment device includes a verification circuit for determining coincidence with verification information included in the software so as to verify the legitimacy of execution of the software. The license information ascertainment device also includes a storage unit for temporarily storing the verification results provided from the verification circuit. The license information. ascertainment device also includes an output circuit. Upon receiving a read signal, the output circuit reads the verification results from the storage unit, and prepares rights ownership information and/or license information for the software based on the verification results.

Abstract: Software development environment includes a development board; an electronic processor based device which is mounted on the development board and is adapted to execute a series of software instructions; and a host computer which is combinable with the electronic processor based device. The host computer executes both benchmark test software and software under development on an operating system to calculate a first benchmark value of the electronic processor based device. The software under development is executed preferentially. The host computer calculates the residual capability of the electronic processor based device in accordance with the first benchmark value.

Abstract: A UART sets a predetermined threshold remaining data amount n, which defines an interrupt position, in a transmission trigger detector before data transmission is completed, checks if a trigger, which indicates the value of a read pointer RP or a count value N has reached a position indicated by the setting, has occurs and, if the trigger occurs, causes a trigger detector to output a interrupt output control signal to an internal interrupt circuit to perform internal interrupt processing. Upon detecting this trigger, the internal interrupt circuit outputs an internal interrupt signal. When all data has not yet been transmitted from a transmission FIFO circuit, a CPU of a host controls the amount of data to be transferred to the transmission FIFO circuit, considering the threshold n, to prevent data in that circuit from being overwritten.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to relieve users of efforts to select play partners by themselves. Upon receipt of a game request, a game request response unit returns player request issuance timing information specifying time to issue a player request. A player selection processing unit determines combinations of games at a predetermined timing. Upon receipt of a player request, a player request response unit extracts information about opposing players of a user issuing the player request from a user information storage unit and returns it to a client as a response to the player request. A game request unit of the client outputs a game request to a server and receives player request issuance timing information from the server. When the time specified in the player request issuance timing information is reached, a player request unit outputs a player request to the server and receives information about play partners from the server.

Abstract: Control programs for a peripheral device to be installed, an identification program for identifying specifications of the peripheral device and a program for selecting the corresponding control program according to their identification are prepared and executed. Thus, since it is unnecessary to manage only the corresponding control program so as to be stored in a semiconductor device every specifications of the peripheral device, the fabrication of the semiconductor device is prevented from increasing in complexity.

Abstract: The tip of a first optical fiber 8 is fused integrally to a second optical fiber 7, having a single refractive index and an identical outer diameter, which has a spherical lens 10 with the length and diameter to produce a beam expansion by Gaussian diffusion to at least 80 .mu.m or greater at the exit and a radius of curvature greater than 200 .mu.m. The spherical part of the second fiber is formed by thermal fusion; a spherical lens having the desired diameter at the optical fiber tip is formed by feeding the optical fiber tip into a thermal fusion unit to form the spherical lens. An optical fiber terminal for optical coupling composed of a single mode optical fiber, a non-doped silica fiber beam expansion segment, and a non-doped silica spherical lens, is connected to a polarization-independent optical isolator.

Abstract: In optical isolators composed of a polarizer, an analyzer, a Faraday rotator and permanent magnet for magnetizing the Faraday rotator for the Faraday effect, this invention enables controlling of the maximum isolation temperature in the 0.degree. to 70.degree. C. temperature range. When assembling the device at room temperature, the Faraday rotator's wavelength-dependence characteristics are used for this purpose. By varying the wavelength during the assembly and adjustment process by .DELTA..lambda. from the wavelength at the device will be used, it is possible to set the temperature at which maximum isolation will be realized.

Abstract: A storage star network for providing maximum propagation delay includes a plurality of terminal stations and a toll center for routing data packets among the stations. Each terminal station includes a memory and each data packet has an associated priority.

Abstract: A constant-voltage power supply circuit having a light-emitting element and a photosensitive element optically coupled with each other and a driving power source for driving the light emitting element, the circuit using an output voltage of the photosensitive element as a reference voltage; and an amplifier circuit using a constant current converted from the reference voltage of the constant-voltage power supply circuit; and a DA converter adapted for delivering binary digital signals to the constant-voltage power supply circuit.

Abstract: A digital signal transmission system for communicating digital signals in both a Faxnet and a CSMA/CD mode over a single cable. The system includes plural stations coupled to the single cable via taps, the stations transmitting time-division multiplexed digital signals on the cable with fixed time positions assigned to the signals within periodically repeated time base frames, which frames are subjected to further divisions so that individual ones of the stations transmit packets which occupy specific time periods in the frame. A send logic circuit prevents stopping of digital signal transmission from a station even if a collision occurs with a signal transmitted from the station in the CSMA/CD mode while a receive logic circuit prevents stopping of digital signal reception even if a collision is detected after start of digital signal reception.

Abstract: In order to increase the speed at which a determination is made as to which of a number of competing stations will occupy a particular block, the blocks are divided into a plurality of time slots and the various stations transmit probe signals into the time slots. Each station transmits its probe signal with a particular probability, with the probabilities preferably differing between respective stations. The number of occupied blocks in each frame can be counted to determine a degree of congestion, and the probe signal probabilities can be adjusted in accordance with the degree of congestion. Also if the degree of congestion is low, stations can transmit their packet signals directly without first transmitting probe signals, and the probe signal procedure will be followed thereafter only if a packet collision occurs.

Abstract: In a pocket switching communications system of the type in which each station sends its packet into an unoccupied block within a frame, the retransmission interval is determined by generating a random number, weighting the random number in accordance with the number of collisions which the station has encountered since it first requested transmission and/or the degree of congestion monitored in the frame in which the most recent collision occurred. The retransmission interval is then determined in accordance with the weighted number.

Abstract: A multistation digital communication network of the type wherein station packet signals are transmitted during periodically repeated block times, a plurality of blocks forming a frame, each block time repeating once per frame, the first block of a frame being the master block. Multiple, contiguous empty blocks within a single frame are produced by locating all signal carrying frame blocks and packing them one against the other beginning with the master frame, to thereby form multiple, contiguous signal carrying or used blocks beginning from and including the master block. The remainder of the frame blocks are then contiguous empty blocks capable of receiving new packet signals, several blocks in length. Each station of the multistation network is provided with circuitry for accomplishing the block packing technique and for determining the first and last contiguous empty frame blocks.

Abstract: A signal retransmission control circuit for stations of a multi-station digital communications network interconnected in a time division manner through a communication cable. The retransmission control circuit detects signal collisions when two or more stations simultaneously transmit their signals and in response to this detection of signal collision initiates a signal retransmission waiting time, during which the signal cannot be transmitted. The control circuit further includes a waiting time adjustment means for increasing the waiting time if another station begins signal transmission during a waiting time period.