Abstract: A memory unit stores maps of predetermined determination threshold values for detection values detected by a hydrogen sensor according to an operating state of a fuel cell such as a difference in pressure between reaction gases at an anode and a cathode, supply pressure of the reaction gases, supply flow rate of the reaction gases and generated current of the fuel cell. A control unit obtains a predetermined determination threshold value from the memory unit based on the operating state of the fuel cell. Then, the detection value outputted from the hydrogen sensor and the determination threshold value obtained from the memory unit are compared, and in the event that the detection value is determined to exceed the determination threshold value, a predetermined protecting process is implemented for the fuel cell.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a glass base material, which is a base material of an optical fiber, comprising: a base rod, around and along which said glass base material is formed; a burner that hydrolyzes and accumulates a gas material, which is a base material of said glass base material, around and along said base rod; a first burner-moving-unit that moves said burner in a direction parallel with a longitudinal direction of said base rod; and a second burner-moving-unit that moves said first burner-moving-unit in a same moving direction of said first burner-moving-unit.

Abstract: To provide a laser oscillation method and a laser device, which use a laser medium such as an Nd:GdVO4 crystal to which neodymium is doped in high concentration exceeding 1% in atomicity ratio, the laser medium comprised of the gadolinium-vanadate crystal to which neodymium as laser active ion is doped by a floating zone method such that concentration becomes exceeding 1% in atomicity ratio.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a glass base material, which is a base material of an optical fiber, comprising: a base rod, around and along which said glass base material is formed; a burner that hydrolyzes and accumulates a gas material, which is a base material of said glass base material, around and along said base rod; a first burner-moving-unit that moves said burner in a direction parallel with a longitudinal direction of said base rod; and a second burner-moving-unit that moves said first burner-moving-unit in a same moving direction of said first burner-moving-unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a glass base material, which is a base material of an optical fiber, comprising: a base rod, around and along which said glass base material is formed; a burner that hydrolyzes and accumulates a gas material, which is a base material of said glass base material, around and along said base rod; a first burner-moving-unit that moves said burner in a direction parallel with a longitudinal direction of said base rod; and a second burner-moving-unit that moves said first burner-moving-unit in a same moving direction of said first burner-moving-unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a glass base material, which is a base material of an optical fiber, comprising: a base rod, around and along which said glass base material is formed; a burner that hydrolyzes and accumulates a gas material, which is a base material of said glass base material, around and along said base rod; a first burner-moving-unit that moves said burner in a direction parallel with a longitudinal direction of said base rod; and a second burner-moving-unit that moves said first burner-moving-unit in a same moving direction of said first burner-moving-unit.

Abstract: A process for producing a hydrogenation product of aromatic carboxylic acid which comprises continuously producing the hydrogenation product of aromatic carboxylic acid by hydrogenating an aromatic carboxylic acid having a melting point of 250° C. or higher in a solvent in the presence of a solid catalyst, wherein the hydrogenation is conducted in a condition such that substantially the entire amount of the aromatic carboxylic acid of a raw material is dissolved in the solvent by recycling a portion of a reaction liquid taken out of a reactor into the reactor. An aromatic carboxylic acid having a high melting point and hardly soluble in solvents can be hydrogenated at a suitable reaction temperature in accordance with a continuous process without using a great amount of a solvent and the reaction product of the object compound can be produced very efficiently.

Abstract: A continuous sintering furnace has an entrance-side deaerating chamber through which trays each with an material to be sintered being mounted thereon may pass, preheating, heating and cooling zones into which the trays are sequentially fed from the deaerating chamber, an exit-side deaerating chamber through which the trays having passed through the cooling zone may pass, a pusher for pushing the tray from the deaerating chamber to the preheating zone, a puller for pulling the tray from the cooling zone to the deaerating chamber, an intermediate puller for pulling the tray from the heating zone to the cooling zone, a vertically movable door between the deaerating chamber and the preheating zone, a vertically movable intermediate door adjacent to the door and arranged at an upstream end of the preheating zone in the direction of transportation of the trays, a vertically movable intermediate door between the heating and cooling zones and a vertically movable door between the cooling zone and the deaerating chamb

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a glass base material, which is a base material of an optical fiber, the glass base material having a core rod as a central axis, comprises a holding unit having a plurality of scroll chucks connected in series along the core rod for holding an end of the core rod; and a burner that hydrolyzes a gas material, which is abase material of the glass base material, into glass particles and accumulates the glass particles around the core rod to form the glass base material.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a hollow stabilizer, a pipe compressing step of compressing an electroseamed pipe in a temperature range of a hot state or a warm state so as to make a rate of a thickness with respect to an outer diameter between 18 and 35% is performed, and a forming step of forming the compressed electroseamed pipe in a stabilizer shape in a cold state is executed. Next, a step of applying a heat treatment to a half-finished stabilizer is performed, a shot peening step of impacting a shot on the half-finished stabilizer is performed, and a step of coating the half-finished stabilizer is performed.

Abstract: A process for producing a hydrogenation product of aromatic carboxylic acid which comprises continuously producing the hydrogenation product of aromatic carboxylic acid by hydrogenating an aromatic carboxylic acid having a melting point of 250° C. or higher in a solvent in the presence of a solid catalyst, wherein the hydrogenation is conducted in a condition such that substantially the entire amount of the aromatic carboxylic acid of a raw material is dissolved in the solvent by recycling a portion of a reaction liquid taken out of a reactor into the reactor.

Abstract: A digital broadcast receivers having a first unit for receiving broadcast signals transmitted from a transmitter, a second unit capable of removably coupling to the first unit for applying an operation specific to the second unit to the received signal, an encryptor equipped in the first unit for encrypting the received signal and for providing the encrypted signal to the second unit, and a decryptor equipped in the first unit for decrypting the signal encrypted by the encryptor transferred through the second unit.

Abstract: A continuous sintering furnace has an entrance-side deaerating chamber through which trays each with an material to be sintered being mounted thereon may pass, preheating, heating and cooling zones into which the trays are sequentially fed from the deaerating chamber, an exit-side deaerating chamber through which the trays having passed through the cooling zone may pass, a pusher for pushing the tray from the deaerating chamber to the preheating zone, a puller for pulling the tray from the cooling zone to the deaerating chamber, an intermediate puller for pulling the tray from the heating zone to the cooling zone, a vertically movable door between the deaerating chamber and the preheating zone, a vertically movable intermediate door adjacent to the door and arranged at an upstream end of the preheating zone in the direction of transportation of the trays, a vertically movable intermediate door between the heating and cooling zones and a vertically movable door between the cooling zone and the deaerating chamb

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a base material for an optical fiber, includes steps of: holding a bar material by a support member; and adjusting to reduce a difference between an axis of the bar material and a rotational axis of the support member. Furthermore, an optical fiber base material grasping apparatus for holding a bar material having an axis, includes: a support member having a center axis, the support member being rotatable around the center axis; and an adjusting mechanism for reducing a difference between the axis of the bar material and the central axis of the support member.

Abstract: Dialkylnaphthalene is oxidized to naphthalenedicarboxylic acid in a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid solvent in the presence of a catalyst comprising a cobalt compound, a manganese compound and a bromine compound having an atomic ratio of manganese to cobalt of 0.03 to 0.5. The catalyst is supplied to the oxidation reaction zone so that the total amount of cobalt and manganese is 0.025 to 0.1 gram atom based on 1 gram mol of the dialkylnaphthalene. An oxidation product slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation when the concentration of the naphthalenedicarboxylic acid in the slurry is 8 to 30% by weight. The process prevents the by-production of benzotricarboxylic acid such as trimellitic acid, thereby drastically reducing the incorporation of heavy metal complexes with trimellitic acid into naphthalenedicarboxylic acid crystals.

Abstract: A process for producing 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid comprising oxidizing 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene with a gas containing oxygen in a solvent comprising a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprising cobalt, manganese, and bromine, wherein the total amount of cobalt and manganese in the catalyst is 50 to 300 mg atom per 1 g mol of 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, a ratio by g atom of manganese to cobalt in the catalyst is 20:1 to 4:1, and the oxidation is conducted at a temperature of 200 to 250.degree. C.; and a process as described above, wherein a mother liquor which is obtained from a slurry of a product of the oxidation via a step of solid-liquid separation is recyled to a step of oxidation after heat treatment at a temperature of 150.degree. C. or higher. In accordance with the processes, accumulation of substances which affect the oxidation adversely is prevented.

Abstract: A process for the production of high-purity dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, which comprises esterifying 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid obtained by liquid phase oxidation of 2,6-dialkylnaphthalene with molecular oxygen in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, with methanol and then purifying a crude ester formed by the esterification, the crude ester being purified in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon as a solvent, in which impurities contained in a reaction product obtained by the esterification of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid prepared by the liquid phase oxidation of 2,6-dialkylnaphthalene are effectively removed with simple procedures, oxidation catalyst metals are recovered, a crystal of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid formed by the oxidation of dialkylnaphthalene and/or its oxide derivative can be easily separated, and the oxidation catalyst to be brought into the step of producing dimethyl naphthalenedicarboxylate is recovered in the process of the production of naphthalenedicarboxylic a

Abstract: A process for producing 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NDCA) is disclosed. This process comprises oxidizing a 2,6-dialkylnaphthalene with a gas containing molecular oxygen in a solvent containing a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprising heavy metal compounds and a bromine compound, and is characterized in that an ester mixture containing dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (NDCM) is added to the oxidation reaction. The low boiling distillate, the high boiling still residue, and the residue of the mother liquor after recrystallization, occurring during purification of the crude NDCM, are also used as additives to the oxidation reaction. According to the present invention, NDCA with large particle size and bulk density can be obtained. Therefore, solid-liquid separation of the crystals, drying of the separated crystals and transportation of the dried crystals are made easier.

Abstract: A method of growing a rod form of a single oxide crystal is disclosed. The method uses a slit die which is placed in a crucible with a starting melt. The melt is seeded with a seed crystal while being rotated. The resulting crystal will have the same sectional shape as the shape of the upper surface of the die.

Abstract: A process for producing dimethyl 2,6-naphthalene-dicarboxylate by reacting 2,6-naphthalene-dicarboxylic acid with methanol which comprises effecting the reaction at 200.degree. to 350.degree. C. in the presence of trimethyl trimellitate as an essential solvent and optionally, at least one solvent selected from methyl benzoate, methyl toluate and dimethyl o-phthalate preferably by at least two-stage continuous reaction method. The above process is capable of enhancing the rate of esterification reaction and producing purified objective product in high yield for a long period of time in a stable operation without causing any operational trouble such as corrosion and clogging the production equipment.