Abstract: Provided are a photocatalyst electrode, an artificial photosynthesis module, and an artificial photosynthesis device that have low electrical resistance, even in a case where the area is increased, in a case where a transparent conductive layer is used. The photocatalyst electrode is a photocatalyst electrode that has a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a photocatalyst layer, and a linear metal electrical conductor, and splits water with light to produce a gas. The substrate, the transparent conductive layer, and the photocatalyst layer are laminated in this order, and the linear metal electrical conductor is in contact with the transparent conductive layer. The artificial photosynthesis module has the oxygen evolution electrode that splits the water with the light to produce oxygen, and a hydrogen evolution electrode that splits the water with the light to produce hydrogen.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a water splitting device having a low electrolysis voltage and excellent gas separation performance. The water splitting device of the invention is a water splitting device that generates gases from the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the water splitting device including: a bath to be filled with an electrolytic aqueous solution; the positive electrode and the negative electrode disposed in the bath; and a polymer membrane that is ion-permeable and is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode in order to separate the electrolytic aqueous solution filling the bath into the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode are installed at a predetermined distance from the polymer membrane, and the moisture content of the polymer membrane is 40% or more.

Abstract: In an artificial photosynthesis module, a plurality of first electrode portions of a hydrogen generation electrode are disposed side by side with a gap, and each of a plurality of second electrode portions of an oxygen generation electrode is disposed at a gap between the first electrode portions of the hydrogen generation electrode as seen from the hydrogen generation electrode side with respect to the diaphragm. A first photocatalyst layer of at least one first electrode portion of the hydrogen generation electrode or a second photocatalyst layer of at least one of the second electrode portions of the oxygen generation electrode is tilted with respect to a flow direction of an electrolytic aqueous solution, or a projecting part is provided on a surface of the first photocatalyst layer of at least one first electrode portion of the hydrogen generation electrode or a surface of the second photocatalyst layer of at least one second electrode portion of the oxygen generation electrode.

Abstract: Provided are an artificial photosynthesis module and an artificial photosynthesis device that have excellent energy conversion efficiency. The artificial photosynthesis module includes a first electrode that decomposes a raw material fluid with light to obtain a first fluid; a second electrode that decomposes the raw material fluid with the light to obtain a second fluid; and a diaphragm disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The diaphragm is formed of a membrane having through-holes, is immersed in pure water having a temperature of 25° C. for one minute, and has a light transmittance of 60% or more in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm in a state where the diaphragm is immersed in the pure water. The average hole diameter of the through-holes of the diaphragm is more than 0.1 ?m and less than 50 ?m. An artificial photosynthesis device has the above-described artificial photosynthesis module.

Abstract: Provided are a photocatalyst electrode, an artificial photosynthesis module, and an artificial photosynthesis device that have low electrical resistance, even in a case where the area is increased, in a case where a transparent conductive layer is used. The photocatalyst electrode is a photocatalyst electrode that has a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a photocatalyst layer, and a linear metal electrical conductor, and splits water with light to produce a gas. The substrate, the transparent conductive layer, and the photocatalyst layer are laminated in this order, and the linear metal electrical conductor is in contact with the transparent conductive layer. The artificial photosynthesis module has the oxygen evolution electrode that splits the water with the light to produce oxygen, and a hydrogen evolution electrode that splits the water with the light to produce hydrogen.

Abstract: In an artificial photosynthesis module, a plurality of first electrode portions of a hydrogen generation electrode are disposed side by side with a gap, and each of a plurality of second electrode portions of an oxygen generation electrode is disposed at a gap between the first electrode portions of the hydrogen generation electrode as seen from the hydrogen generation electrode side with respect to the diaphragm. A first photocatalyst layer of at least one first electrode portion of the hydrogen generation electrode or a second photocatalyst layer of at least one of the second electrode portions of the oxygen generation electrode is tilted with respect to a flow direction of an electrolytic aqueous solution, or a projecting part is provided on a surface of the first photocatalyst layer of at least one first electrode portion of the hydrogen generation electrode or a surface of the second photocatalyst layer of at least one second electrode portion of the oxygen generation electrode.

Abstract: An artificial photosynthesis module is used for decomposition of an electrolytic aqueous solution into hydrogen and oxygen by light. The artificial photosynthesis module has an oxygen generation electrode having a first protrusion and a first recess alternately arranged thereon, and a hydrogen generation electrode having a second protrusion and a second recess alternately arranged thereon. The hydrogen generation electrode and the oxygen generation electrode are in contact with the electrolytic aqueous solution, and at least one electrode of the hydrogen generation electrode or the oxygen generation electrode includes a conductive layer and a photocatalyst layer provided on the conductive layer.

Abstract: A flexible solar cell module that includes a flexible insulating substrate; a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements formed on the substrate, each including a rear electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a transparent electrode layer; an organic insulating protection film covering each photoelectric conversion element such that light transparency for each photoelectric conversion element is secured; and an inorganic insulating protection film provided on each transparent electrode layer such that light transparency on a light receiving side of each photoelectric conversion element is secured. The inorganic insulating protection film is formed to have a layer structure that includes a silicon oxynitride layer as the outermost layer of the structure. This enables improvement of the weather resistance and water vapor barrier properties and improvement of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module to be achieved at a low cost.

Abstract: Provided is an optical recording medium including at least a lower substrate having a servo pit pattern, a recording layer on the lower substrate for recording information by holography, an upper substrate on the recording layer, and a transparent resin layer provided between the upper substrate and the recording layer. Forms in which the transparent resin layer contains any one of a thermosetting resin and a slow-setting UV curable resin, and the like are preferable.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a forming unit configured to form a latent electrostatic image on a latent electrostatic image bearing member based on a digital image; a developing unit configured to develop the latent electrostatic image with a toner to form a visible image; a transferring unit configured to transfer the visible image to one of an electrophotographic image receiving roll and an electrophotographic image receiving sheet; and a smoothing and fixing unit configured to smooth and fix the transferred image on one of the electrophotographic image receiving roll and the electrophotographic image receiving sheet to thereby form a series of electrophotographic prints and an electrophotographic print. In the apparatus, the hardware including the media, printer and unit for aftertreatment optimally matches with the toner, and the apparatus can produce high-quality images equal to silver-halide photographs.

Abstract: Photosensitive material includes a support, and a photosensitive layer overlaid thereon and containing resin. A photosensitive layer laminator transfers the photosensitive layer from the photosensitive material to a glass substrate. In the photosensitive layer laminator, heat/pressure rollers apply the photosensitive layer to a transfer region on the substrate with heat and pressure. A photosensitive material feeder transports first and second photosensitive materials to the substrate set at the heat/pressure rollers. The first and second photosensitive materials have a width smaller than a width of the transfer region, and are disposed to extend along one another. Furthermore, a tension adjuster adjusts tension applied to the first and second photosensitive materials in an upstream direction from the heat/pressure rollers.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a servo substrate formed so that at least servo information is capable of being detected, a first recording layer in which information is recorded by holography, a first top substrate, a first gap layer G1, a first gap layer G2, a first filter layer, a second recording layer, a second top substrate, a second gap layer G1, a second gap layer G2 and a second filter layer, wherein the first recording layer, the first top substrate, the first gap layer G1, the first gap layer G2, and the first filter layer are arranged on one surface side of the servo substrate, and the second recording layer, the second top substrate, the second gap layer G1, the second gap layer G2, and the second filter layer are arranged on the other surface side of the servo substrate.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an optical recording medium in which even if a filter layer or the like is laminated on a first gap layer, the first gap layer is not softened, and harmful effect such as a wrinkle and crack is not caused in the laminated filter layer or the like, wherein the uniformity of the thickness of first gap layer is stable; and an efficient production method thereof. Therefore, the invention includes an optical recording medium which includes a recording layer, a first substrate, a second substrate, a first gap layer, a second gap layer, and a filter layer, wherein the recording layer records information by holography and the first gap layer includes a non-thermosoftening material having a deflection temperature under load of at least 70° C. or more; and a production method thereof.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium having a holographic recording layer between a first substrate and a second substrate in which optical information is holographically recorded and a method for manufacturing the recording medium are described. The recording medium comprises a disk-shaped recording sheet having a spindle hole which comprises a holographic recording layer, and other layers as appropriate, laminated between disk-shaped first and second substrates having spindle holes.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium is manufactured by forming a retention recess having a specified depth by one of top and bottom substrates and spacers secured thereto, filling and curing the retention recess with a holographic recording material in the retention recess to form a holographic recording layer having a uniform and appropriate thickness and adhering the other substrate to the holographic recording layer. The optical information recording medium thus manufactured is capable of recording and reproducing information at a high density by the use of holography.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium has inner and outer spacers at least one of which is formed as an integral part of either one of the top and bottom substrates for defining a cell between the top and bottom substrates by bonding the top and bottom substrates through the spacers in which a recording material is infused and then cured so as thereby to form a specified thickness of a holographic recording layer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a forming unit configured to form a latent electrostatic image on a latent electrostatic image bearing member based on a digital image; a developing unit configured to develop the latent electrostatic image with a toner to form a visible image; a transferring unit configured to transfer the visible image to one of an electrophotographic image receiving roll and an electrophotographic image receiving sheet; and a smoothing and fixing unit configured to smooth and fix the transferred image on one of the electrophotographic image receiving roll and the electrophotographic image receiving sheet to thereby form a series of electrophotographic prints and an electrophotographic print. In the apparatus, the hardware including the media, printer and unit for aftertreatment optimally matches with the toner, and the apparatus can produce high-quality images equal to silver-halide photographs.

Abstract: Photosensitive material includes a support, and a photosensitive layer overlaid thereon and containing resin. A photosensitive layer laminator transfers the photosensitive layer from the photosensitive material to a glass substrate. In the photosensitive layer laminator, heat/pressure rollers apply the photosensitive layer to a transfer region on the substrate with heat and pressure. A photosensitive material feeder transports first and second photosensitive materials to the substrate set at the heat/pressure rollers. The first and second photosensitive materials have a width smaller than a width of the transfer region, and are disposed to extend along one another. Furthermore, a tension adjuster adjusts tension applied to the first and second photosensitive materials in an upstream direction from the heat/pressure rollers.

Abstract: A laminator for lamination to a substrate by use of continuous laminated material is provided. The laminated material includes a support, and a photosensitive transfer layer overlaid on the support. A heat/pressure roller attaches the laminated material to the substrate with heat and pressure with the transfer layer opposed to the substrate. A cooler cools the substrate with the laminated material. A peeler peels the support from the transfer layer on the substrate from the cooler, to transfer the transfer layer to the substrate.

Abstract: A laminator for lamination to a substrate by use of continuous laminated material is provided. The laminated material includes a support, and a photosensitive transfer layer overlaid on the support. A heat/pressure roller attaches the laminated material to the substrate with heat and pressure with the transfer layer opposed to the substrate. A cooler cools the substrate with the laminated material. A peeler peels the support from the transfer layer on the substrate from the cooler, to transfer the transfer layer to the substrate.