Abstract: A master cylinder includes pressurizing chambers and atmospheric pressure chambers which are in communication with a reservoir provided upstream. The pressurizing chambers of the master cylinder are connected to a brake fluid pressure control valve device through master pressure pipes provided with master cut valves. The atmospheric pressure chambers of the master cylinder bypass the master cut valves and are connected to the brake fluid pressure control valve device through bypass pipes provided with check valves. A pump constituting a brake fluid pressurizing section of the brake hydraulic control valve device suctions the brake fluid from the reservoir preferentially through the bypass pipes provided with the check valves and pressurizes the brake fluid to supply a brake fluid pressure to brake fluid pressure adjust sections.

Abstract: A master cylinder includes pressurizing chambers and atmospheric pressure chambers which are in communication with a reservoir provided upstream. The pressurizing chambers of the master cylinder are connected to a brake fluid pressure control valve device through master pressure pipes provided with master cut valves. The atmospheric pressure chambers of the master cylinder bypass the master cut valves and are connected to the brake fluid pressure control valve device through bypass pipes provided with check valves. A pump constituting a brake fluid pressurizing section of the brake hydraulic control valve device suctions the brake fluid from the reservoir preferentially through the bypass pipes provided with the check valves and pressurizes the brake fluid to supply a brake fluid pressure to brake fluid pressure adjust sections.

Abstract: A first ECU estimates whether the operation of a second actuator has been started, based on the variation of the hydraulic pressure with respect to the flow rate of hydraulic fluid outputted from a first actuator. Even in a case where the operation information of the second actuator is not received, the first ECU sets the control mode to a simultaneous operation mode, when it is estimated that the operation of the second actuator has been started. In the simultaneous operation mode, a controlled parameter of linear control valves on assumption that the second actuator is operating is set up, and a stop instruction of regenerative braking is transmitted to a hybrid ECU.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes a first actuator for a regeneration coordination brake control and a second actuator for maintaining the stability of a vehicle in a hydraulic pressure passage between a master cylinder and a wheel cylinder. The first actuator is controlled by a first ECU, and the second actuator is controlled by a second ECU. When a failure occurs in the first actuator or the first ECU, the second ECU operates the second actuator according to the amount of a brake operation, and assists braking of a wheel.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus comprises an image sensor, a driving unit configured to drive the image sensor, and a detection unit configured to detect a variation in amount of light within one frame image based on a plurality of image signals obtained by driving the image sensor with different accumulation periods by the driving unit.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes: a hydraulic pressure source provided for a vehicle, and including a hydraulic-pressure generating device and a reservoir; a plurality of hydraulic brakes provided for respective wheels of the vehicle, and configured to restrain rotations of the respective wheels; and a control valve device including at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group disposed between the hydraulic-pressure generating device and at least one of brake cylinders of the hydraulic brakes and/or between the reservoir and the at least one of the brake cylinders. Each of the at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group includes (a) at least one ON/OFF control valve and (b) at least one linear control valve that are disposed in parallel with each other.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes: a hydraulic pressure source provided for a vehicle, and including a hydraulic-pressure generating device and a reservoir; a plurality of hydraulic brakes provided for respective wheels of the vehicle, and configured to restrain rotations of the respective wheels; and a control valve device including at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group disposed between the hydraulic-pressure generating device and at least one of brake cylinders of the hydraulic brakes and/or between the reservoir and the at least one of the brake cylinders. Each of the at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group includes (a) at least one ON/OFF control valve and (b) at least one linear control valve that are disposed in parallel with each other.

Abstract: A system including: a liquid-pressure source device that can supply working fluid to a brake device; and an ABS valve device. The system executes a first control in which a supply pressure of the working fluid becomes a target supply pressure and a second control for making the supply pressure fall within the target range. In this system, when the valve device is not being operated, the first control is executed. When the valve device is being operated, the second control is normally operated, and when the supply pressure is higher than a threshold value, the first control is executed. Where completion of the operation of the valve device is estimated, the system performs at least one of reducing the threshold value, reducing an upper limit value of the target range, increasing an electric power supplied to a pressure-reduce linear valve during the first control when the valve device is being operated, and reducing the target supply pressure.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes: a hydraulic pressure source provided for a vehicle, and including a hydraulic-pressure generating device and a reservoir; a plurality of hydraulic brakes provided for respective wheels of the vehicle, and configured to restrain rotations of the respective wheels; and a control valve device including at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group disposed between the hydraulic-pressure generating device and at least one of brake cylinders of the hydraulic brakes and/or between the reservoir and the at least one of the brake cylinders. Each of the at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group includes (a) at least one ON/OFF control valve and (b) at least one linear control valve that are disposed in parallel with each other.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus comprises: an image sensor including multiple pixels, each having pupil-divided multiple photoelectric converters, a storage unit that stores the respective pupil-divided image signals, and a control unit, and an operation of adding the image signals on a pixel-by-pixel basis and outputting the resulting signal; a determination unit configured to determine a focus control area, using an image expressed by the image signal output from the image sensor; and a focus control unit configured to carry out focus control according to the phase difference detection method based on the pupil-divided image signals output from the pixels within the focus control area, wherein the control unit switches between an operation of individually outputting the pupil-divided image signals within the focus control area, and an operation of adding and outputting the pupil-divided image signals output from pixels outside of the focus control area on a pixel-by-pixel basis.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus comprises an optical system, an image sensor having pixels each including a plurality of photoelectric converters capable of outputting image signals independently, a driving unit which controls driving of the image sensor, a focus detection unit, and an addition unit which adds the output image signals on a per-pixel basis. In each pixel, the photoelectric converters are divided into groups each including at least two photoelectric converters and a charge accumulation period for one group is delayed from and partially overlaps a charge accumulation period for another. The driving unit drives the image sensor so that image signals are read from the groups in turn, and the focus detection unit detects a focus state using a phase difference method based on the read image signals independently output from the photoelectric converters.

Abstract: An image capture apparatus includes an image sensor of a line-sequential scanning type, an optical database which stores optical characteristics of the optical system in advance, a calculation unit which calculates optical parameters including at least information of a focal length of the optical system for each area of the image sensor based on drive information of the image sensor and drive information of the optical system, a referring unit which refers to optical characteristics corresponding to the optical parameters calculated by the calculation unit of the optical characteristics stored in the optical database, a correction value generation unit which generates correction values used to correct the image signal based on the optical characteristics referred to by the referring unit, and a correction unit which corrects the image signal using the correction values generated by the correction value generation unit.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a change unit configured to change a driving state of an image sensor for capturing an image signal in response to an operation for changing the driving state of the image sensor, and a flicker correction unit configured to correct an image signal based on a flicker component detected from image signals of a frame captured a predetermined number of frames before the frame of the image signal to be corrected, wherein the flicker correction unit is configured to change the predetermined number when the driving state of the image sensor is changed by the change unit.

Abstract: In a brake control device and a brake control method, when a shift to a brake mode for backup involving separation of a supply path of working fluid is performed at the time of detection of an abnormality during braking, a differential pressure acting between an outlet opening and an inlet opening of an open-close valve which is provided between a hydraulic pressure source that is used during the backup brake mode and wheel cylinders and which needs to be opened during the backup brake mode is lessened prior to the separation of the supply path of working fluid so that the open-close valve is opened in accordance with a valve-opening command. Therefore, at the time of switch of the control mode, the confinement of wheel cylinder pressure is avoided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an MEK-modified resorcinol-formalin resin, in which recovery and reuse of the specific raw materials (water, calcium chloride, and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)), and methanol contained in formalin, are carried out in parallel. Using this closed-system recycle production method, a resorcinol-formalin resin aqueous solution can be obtained, wherein the resin aqueous solution has a reaction product concentration of from 30 to 80%, moderate flowability with a pH of 6 to 10, a calcium chloride concentration of 100 ppm or less, a peak area corresponding to a resorcinol monomer of from 3 to 9% to the entire peak area obtained by gel permeation chromatography analysis, and a peak area corresponding to resorcinol pentanuclear or higher nuclear bodies of from 30 to 55% to the entire peak.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes: a hydraulic pressure source provided for a vehicle, and including a hydraulic-pressure generating device and a reservoir; a plurality of hydraulic brakes provided for respective wheels of the vehicle, and configured to restrain rotations of the respective wheels; and a control valve device including at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group disposed between the hydraulic-pressure generating device and at least one of brake cylinders of the hydraulic brakes and/or between the reservoir and the at least one of the brake cylinders. Each of the at least one hydraulic-pressure control valve group includes (a) at least one ON/OFF control valve and (b) at least one linear control valve that are disposed in parallel with each other.

Abstract: A brake apparatus includes multiple wheel cylinders; multiple maintaining valves; a pressure-regulating control valve; and a control unit that controls the upstream pressure by switching a pressure-control mode between a pressure-regulating mode which is selected when a deviation of the upstream pressure from a target pressure is outside a setting range and in which the upstream pressure is brought to the target pressure using the pressure-regulating control valve and a pressure-maintaining mode that is selected when the deviation is within the setting range. The control unit opens the pressure-regulating control valve before the pressure-control mode is switched from the pressure-maintaining mode to the pressure-regulating mode.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus comprises an optical system, an image sensor having pixels each including a plurality of photoelectric converters capable of outputting image signals independently, a driving unit which controls driving of the image sensor, a focus detection unit, and an addition unit which adds the output image signals on a per-pixel basis. In each pixel, the photoelectric converters are divided into groups each including at least two photoelectric converters and a charge accumulation period for one group is delayed from and partially overlaps a charge accumulation period for another. The driving unit drives the image sensor so that image signals are read from the groups in turn, and the focus detection unit detects a focus state using a phase difference method based on the read image signals independently output from the photoelectric converters.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus comprises: an image sensor including multiple pixels, each having pupil-divided multiple photoelectric converters, a storage unit that stores the respective pupil-divided image signals, and a control unit, and an operation of adding the image signals on a pixel-by-pixel basis and outputting the resulting signal; a determination unit configured to determine a focus control area, using an image expressed by the image signal output from the image sensor; and a focus control unit configured to carry out focus control according to the phase difference detection method based on the pupil-divided image signals output from the pixels within the focus control area, wherein the control unit switches between an operation of individually outputting the pupil-divided image signals within the focus control area, and an operation of adding and outputting the pupil-divided image signals output from pixels outside of the focus control area on a pixel-by-pixel basis.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus (20) includes: a hydraulic pressure source (30) that regulates pressure of hydraulic fluid in accordance with a brake operation input (24,25); a wheel cylinder (23) that applies braking force to a wheel (22) in response to a supply of the hydraulic fluid to the wheel cylinder (23); a hydraulic pressure booster mechanism (31) that amplifies the brake operation input by using the hydraulic pressure source (30), and outputs the amplified brake operation input; a hydraulic fluid supply path (63) through which the hydraulic fluid is supplied from the hydraulic pressure source (30) to the wheel cylinder (23); and a controller (70) that shuts off (valve 66) a flow of the hydraulic fluid-through the hydraulic fluid supply path (63), if a malfunction due to hydraulic fluid leakage is detected in the hydraulic fluid supply path (63) during a brake control mode in which the hydraulic fluid is supplied to the wheel cylinder (23) through the hydraulic fluid supply path (63).