Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a vehicle driving device includes an oil pump, a clutch oil passage, a cooling oil passage, a pressure regulating valve, and a shift valve. The cooling oil passage guides oil to a cooled portion of a vehicle. Supply of oil to the clutch oil passage and the cooling oil passage is switched by switching of the pressure regulating valve and the shift valve. The cooling oil passage includes: a shaft center cooling oil passage which supplies cooling oil to a shaft center of a rotation shaft of an electric motor mounted on the vehicle; and a cooling oil passage shift valve which switches presence/absence of supply of oil to the shaft center cooling oil passage.

Abstract: One of the objects of the present invention is to enhance a fruit sensation which tends to be insufficient in sugar-free, fruit juice-containing alcoholic beverages containing no high intensity sweetener. In this invention, a specified amount of a polysaccharide or polysaccharides with a degree of polymerization of not less than 3 is used in the fruit juice-containing alcoholic beverage, and the acidity in terms of citric acid is adjusted to be within a specified range.

Abstract: A packet switching network in which the data transmitted from a data sending terminal is temporarily stored in a packet switching exchange connected to a data sender where the data is divided into a plurality of units each of which is called a packet and the data in turn is transferred with each packet unit to a packet switching exchange connected to a data receiver, through a number of transmit switching exchanges, and then those packets are reassembled into the original format of the data which finally is transmitted to a data receiving terminal, the above-mentioned packet switching network employing a data sending and receiving system in which a character oriented transmission control procedure for communicating with its associated terminals is used in the packet switching network, and the packet switching network involves data terminals each having a single communication link connected with the packet switching network, whereby the data sending and receiving system is effectively effected and a flow contr