Abstract: An object is to provide a composition that contains a phosphorus-containing carbon quantum dot and can efficiently emit relatively long wavelength light. The composition to achieve the above object contains: a phosphorus-containing carbon quantum dot containing phosphorus as a heteroatom; and a smectite.

Abstract: Provided is a method that can stably produce polyaryletherketone that has a high degree of polymerization and can be easily recovered. The method for producing polyaryletherketone includes: a polycondensation step of carrying out desalting polycondensation in a reaction solvent; and a cooling step of cooling a reaction mixture after desalting polycondensation is completed. When the method is implemented, the polycondensation step is carried out in a hydrophilic solvent under pressurized conditions, and the polymerization temperature in the polycondensation step is at or above the boiling point of the hydrophilic solvent at ambient pressure. In addition, the polymer content in terms of monomers at the time of cooling in the cooling step is from 1 part by mass to 50 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A method of producing a PAS according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a polymerizing step; a water removal step; a hydrogen sulfide recovering step in which hydrogen sulfide contained in a gas component produced in the water removal step is absorbed and recovered by an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide; and a condensation step in which the gas component produced in the water removal step is condensed. The hydrogen sulfide recovering step is performed before the condensation step.

Abstract: To provide a continuous production apparatus and a continuous production method for an aromatic polymer which enable resource conservation, energy conservation, and equipment costs reduction. A continuous production method for an aromatic polymer having an ether bond or an imide bond, the method including: (a) supplying a polymerization solvent and a reaction raw material to a continuous production apparatus including a plurality of reaction vessels; (b) performing a polycondensation reaction in the polymerization solvent in at least one of the reaction vessels to form a reaction mixture; and (c) successively moving the reaction mixture to each of the reaction vessel, the steps (a), (b), and (c) being performed in parallel; wherein an ether bond or an imide bond is formed by the polycondensation reaction; respective gas phase parts of the plurality of reaction vessels communicate with one another; and a pressure of each of the gas phase parts is uniform.

Abstract: Provided are a continuous production method and a continuous production apparatus utilizing the solution polycondensation for aromatic cyclic oligomers, which achieve a good space-time yield and are inexpensive and simple. The continuous production method includes: (a) supplying a polymerization solvent and a reaction raw material to a continuous production apparatus; (b) performing a polymerization reaction in the reaction vessels to form a reaction mixture; (c) removing water in gas phase parts of the reaction vessels from the reaction vessels; and (d) successively moving the reaction mixture to each of the reaction vessels; the steps (a), (b), (c), and (d) being performed in parallel; wherein an amount of the polymerization solvent in the reaction vessel positioned furthest downstream in a movement direction of the reaction mixture is not less than 1 L and not greater than 50 L per 1 mol of arylene units in the reaction raw material.

Abstract: The production method of the present invention includes a step of supplying an organic polar solvent, a sulfur source, and a dihalo aromatic compound as reaction raw materials to at least one of a plurality of reaction vessels mutually communicated via a gas phase; a step of removing at least a portion of the water present in the reaction vessels; and a step of performing a polymerization reaction. These steps are carried out in parallel, and the reaction mixture is sequentially moved between reaction vessels. At that time, the internal temperatures of the reaction vessels are all not less than 150° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous polymerization apparatus capable of simply and efficiently separating a polymer and solid matter from a reaction mixture while having an apparatus configuration conducive to washing and maintenance, and a continuous production method for a polymer. A continuous polymerization apparatus (100) includes a plurality of reaction vessels (1a to 1c), wherein the plurality of reaction vessels are configured such that reaction mixtures (9a to 9c) successively move through each reaction vessel; in the plurality of reaction vessels, gas phase parts formed above the reaction mixture communicate with one another; and the continuous polymerization apparatus includes a washing part (5), the washing part configured to separate a solid included in the reaction mixture by sedimentation and to perform countercurrent washing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous polymerization apparatus capable of simply and efficiently separating a polymer and solid matter from a reaction mixture while having an apparatus configuration conducive to washing and maintenance, and a continuous production method for a polymer. A continuous polymerization apparatus (100) includes a plurality of reaction vessels (1a to 1c), wherein the plurality of reaction vessels are configured such that reaction mixtures (9a to 9c) successively move through each reaction vessel; in the plurality of reaction vessels, gas phase parts formed above the reaction mixture communicate with one another; and the continuous polymerization apparatus includes a washing part (5), the washing part configured to separate a solid included in the reaction mixture by sedimentation and to perform countercurrent washing.

Abstract: The continuous dehydration method for a raw material mixture to be used in the production of PAS includes supply and dehydration of the raw material mixture and extraction of the raw material mixture having a water content reduced by the dehydration, the supply, dehydration and extraction being carried out concurrently in parallel. A dehydration efficiency index determined according to Equation (1) is not less than 0.3. In Equation (1), the dehydration time is a period of time until a moisture content per mole of the sulfur source in the raw material mixture having a reduced water content reaches not greater than 1.7 mol, including moisture consumed by the hydrolysis of the organic polar solvent.

Abstract: Provided is a continuous production apparatus and a continuous production method capable of preventing the countercurrent of evaporation components generated at the time of polymerization so that continuous solution polymerization reactions can progress reliably. A continuous production apparatus (100) includes a housing chamber (2) configured to house a plurality of reaction vessels (1a to 1d); wherein a reaction mixture is formed by subjecting monomers to a polymerization reaction in a solvent in at least one of the reaction vessels; the reaction vessels communicate with one another via a gas phase part (4); the reaction vessels are sequentially connected; the reaction mixture successively moves to each of the reaction vessels; and the housing chamber includes a baffle (9) configured to narrow the cross-sectional area of the gas phase part at the boundary between at least one pair of adjacent reaction vessels or in the vicinity of the boundary.

Abstract: The production method of the present invention includes a step of supplying an organic polar solvent, a sulfur source, and a dihalo aromatic compound as reaction raw materials to at least one of a plurality of reaction vessels mutually communicated via a gas phase; a step of removing at least a portion of the water present in the reaction vessels; and a step of performing a polymerization reaction. These steps are carried out in parallel, and the reaction mixture is sequentially moved between reaction vessels. At that time, the internal temperatures of the reaction vessels are all not less than 150° C.

Abstract: Provided is a continuous production apparatus and a continuous production method capable of preventing the countercurrent of evaporation components generated at the time of polymerization so that continuous solution polymerization reactions can progress reliably. A continuous production apparatus (100) includes a housing chamber (2) configured to house a plurality of reaction vessels (1a to 1d); wherein a reaction mixture is formed by subjecting monomers to a polymerization reaction in a solvent in at least one of the reaction vessels; the reaction vessels communicate with one another via a gas phase part (4); the reaction vessels are sequentially connected; the reaction mixture successively moves to each of the reaction vessels; and the housing chamber includes a baffle (9) configured to narrow the cross-sectional area of the gas phase part at the boundary between at least one pair of adjacent reaction vessels or in the vicinity of the boundary.

Abstract: The production method of the present invention includes: a supplying step of supplying reaction raw materials to at least one of a plurality of reaction vessels mutually communicated through a gas phase; a polymerizing step of carrying out a polymerization reaction; and a step of removing at least some of the water present in the reaction vessels. Each of the steps is carried out in parallel, and a reaction mixture is transferred sequentially between the reaction vessels. The total amount of water contained in the reaction raw materials in at least one of the reaction vessels to which the reaction raw materials are supplied is 3 moles or more per mole of the sulfur source, and the internal temperature of at least one of the reaction vessels to which the reaction raw materials are supplied is from 180° C. to 300° C.

Abstract: A method for producing polyarylene sulfide of the present invention includes the steps of: supplying reaction raw materials to at least one of a plurality of reaction vessels mutually communicated through a gas phase; carrying out a polymerization reaction; and removing at least some of the water present in the reaction vessels. Each of the steps is carried out in parallel, and a reaction mixture is transferred sequentially between the reaction vessels. At that time, the amount of heat that is removed in the polymerization reaction is less than the amount of reaction heat of the polymerization reaction.

Abstract: Provided is a PAS production method and a PAS production apparatus wherein, in a gas-liquid system including a gas phase containing water, a dihalo aromatic compound, and hydrogen sulfide and a liquid phase containing a polar organic solvent and PAS, the dihalo aromatic compound and the hydrogen sulfide that can be volatilized at the time of dehydration from the gas phase can be recovered.

Abstract: Provided are a device for continuously producing poly(arylene sulfide) (hereinafter, referred to as PAS) and a method for continuous PAS production with which resource savings, energy savings, and a reduction in equipment cost are rendered possible. The device for continuous PAS production according to the present invention includes a housing chamber for housing a plurality of reaction cells; wherein the housing chamber is supplied with at least an organic amide solvent, a sulfur source, and a dihalo aromatic compound. In the reaction cells, the sulfur source is polymerized with the dihalo aromatic compound in the organic amide solvent to form a reaction mixture. The reaction cells communicate with each other through a gas phase within the housing chamber. The reaction cells are sequentially connected, and the reaction mixture sequentially moves to each reaction cell.

Abstract: The production method of the present invention includes: a supplying step of supplying reaction raw materials to at least one of a plurality of reaction vessels that mutually communicate through a gas phase; a polymerizing step of carrying out a polymerization reaction; and a step of removing at least some of the water present in the reaction vessels. Each of the steps is carried out in parallel, and a reaction mixture is transferred sequentially between the reaction vessels. The amount of water contained in the reaction mixture in at least one of the reaction vessels is from 0.1 moles to less than 3 moles per mole of a sulfur source, and the total amount of water contained in the reaction raw materials that are supplied is 3 moles or more per mole of the sulfur source.

Abstract: To provide a polyarylene sulfide (hereinafter, PAS) manufacturing method and PAS manufacturing device that further eliminates processing costs in manufacturing PAS, by recovering from solid content containing an unreacted sulfur source and alkali metal halide produced as a byproduct the sulfur source and the solid content with a reduced amount of the sulfur source, and then conveniently and easily reusing the unreacted sulfur source without performing a large-scale process.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method of producing highly pure polyarylene sulfide (PAS) while the produced amount per unit volume is enhanced and side reactions are suppressed.

Abstract: An induction heating coil manufacturing apparatus includes a winding device that winds a wire around a winding shaft having a quadrangular cross section, and a bending device that bends the wire at a position at which the wire is to be wound around a corner of the winding shaft before the winding device winds the wire at the position around the winding shaft.