Abstract: A position detecting apparatus for detecting position of an object disposed in a first space by receiving light from the object with a light receiving element disposed outside said first space, said position detecting apparatus includes an optical system for directing light from the object to the light receiving element, and a first optical element transmitting light from the object, disposed in a partitioning member for partitioning said first space and space outside said first space, wherein said first optical element is located on a position on or near a pupil plane or a plane conjugate to the pupil plane of said optical system.

Abstract: In this invention, to provide a compact zoom lens having a small number of optical element groups to be driven and a simple moving mechanism, at least one of a plurality of optical element groups arranged in the lens system includes a refractive power variable element of a transmission type which has a compensation function to correct focus movement caused by zooming and a focus function to correct focus movement caused by a variation in inter-object distance. The refractive power variable element is a liquid optical element including a first liquid having a conductivity or a polarity and a second liquid which is not mixed with the first liquid, the first liquid and the second liquid being enclosed in a container fluid-tight so as to define an interface therebetween having a predetermined shape, the liquid optical element being arranged such that a refractive power thereof is adjusted by changing a curvature of the interface.

Abstract: A package comprising a metallic container having a mouth portion and a metallic cap with a liner fitted to the mouth portion, wherein the liner 17 of the cap includes an outer ring 20 hanging down from an outer circumferential end thereof and an inner ring 21 hanging down on the inside of the outer ring 20; the inner surface of the outer ring 20 extends straight in the vertical direction; and a corner portion from the top panel to the skirt is draw-formed while pushing the cap from the upper direction in a state where the open end of the container mouth portion is inserted, so that the inner surface of the outer ring is brought into close contact with the outer surface of the side wall portion formed at the open end of the container mouth portion, an inner protruded portion is formed at the lower end of the inner surface of the outer ring so as to protrude inward, and the inner protruded portion is brought into close contact with the outer side portion of the lower curled portion of the container mouth portio

Abstract: There is provided a layered thin film structure forming method capable of forming a layered thin film structure bonded to an underlying layer by high adhesion, of suppressing the peeling of the layered thin film structure off the underlying layer, of achieving satisfactory step coverage even under high miniaturization, and of satisfactorily diffusing an alloying element. A layered thin film structure forming method of forming a layered thin film structure by depositing a plurality of thin films on a surface of a workpiece in a processing vessel capable of being evacuated includes the steps of: forming an alloying-element film 104 of a first metal by using a source gas containing the first metal as an alloying element, and a reducing gas; and forming a base-metal film 106 of a second metal in a thickness greater than that of the alloying-element film by using a source gas containing the second metal, and a reducing gas.

Abstract: An optical pickup device includes: a laser source for emitting, to an optical disk, a laser beam having a wavelength ?1 and a laser beam having a wavelength ?2, which is longer than the wavelength ?1; a light receiver, for receiving laser beams that are reflected by the optical disk; a beam splitter, for directing, to the light receiver, the laser beams reflected by the optical disk; and an astigmatism generation element, located between the beam splitter and the light receiver, for generating the laser beams to be used for focusing control, by designating as the front of the light receiver a focal point on one of the intersecting cross sections that include the light axes of the laser beams, and by designating as the rear of the light receiver, a focal point on the other cross section, wherein the astigmatism generation element is an optical element, which is like a Fresnel lens, whose step depth is substantially a natural number times either the wavelength ?1 or the wavelength ?2.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, wherein a first metallic member is bonded to a first electrode of a semiconductor element via a first metallic body containing a first precious metal, and a second metallic member is bonded to a second electrode via a second metallic body containing a second precious metal.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, wherein a first metallic member is bonded to a first electrode of a semiconductor element via a first metallic body containing a first precious metal, and a second metallic member is bonded to a second electrode via a second metallic body containing a second precious metal.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus including a light source, deflection unit configured to deflect a light flux emitted by the light source, a first optical system configured to condense a divergent light flux emitted by the light source, a second optical system configured to focus the deflected light flux on a target scanning face, where the wavelength of the light flux is short, and the first and second optical systems include respective refractive optical elements.

Abstract: A speaker according to the present invention is equipped with a diaphragm having a central portion of a dome shape and an edge portion formed on an outer periphery thereof. Further, the speaker has also a frame attached with an outermost fringe of the edge portion and a damper member provided inside the central portion to support the central portion. The damper member supports an inner side surface of a voice coil bobbin also, so that a voice coil can be adequately positioned within a magnetic gap.

Abstract: A thrust roller bearing comprising: a pair of races each of which has an annular plate; a cage interposed between the pair of races, formed by a single annular plate including a bent portion bent in an intermediate region in a radial direction of the cage such that a plurality of projecting portions to project in a thickness direction of the cage are formed on a first side and a second side of the cage, and a plurality of pockets stamped out in the thickness direction at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction of the cage; and a plurality of rollers received respectively in the pockets; wherein the at least two projecting portions are formed on each of the first side and the second side of the cage; and a plurality of race-contacting projection portions are arranged on a surface of at least one of said at least two projecting portions on at least one of the first side and the second side of the cage at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the cage.

Abstract: A plurality of pieces of learning data, each associated with a class to which the piece of the learning data belong, are input. In each piece of the learning data, a statistical amount of attribute values of elements in each of specific k parts, k being equal to or larger than 1, is calculated. Each piece of the learning data is mapped in a k-dimensional feature space as a vector having the calculated k statistics amounts as elements. Based on each piece of the mapped learning data and the classes to which the pieces of learning data belong, parameters for classifying input data into one of the plurality of classes are learned in the k-dimensional feature space. By using the parameters, pattern classification can be performed with high speed and high accuracy.

Abstract: In this invention, to provide a compact zoom lens having a small number of optical element groups to be driven and a simple moving mechanism, at least one of a plurality of optical element groups arranged in the lens system includes a refractive power variable element of a transmission type which has a compensation function to correct focus movement caused by zooming and a focus function to correct focus movement caused by a variation in inter-object distance. The refractive power variable element is a liquid optical element including a first liquid having a conductivity or a polarity and a second liquid which is not mixed with the first liquid, the first liquid and the second liquid being enclosed in a container fluid-tight so as to define an interface therebetween having a predetermined shape, the liquid optical element being arranged such that a refractive power thereof is adjusted by changing a curvature of the interface.

Abstract: A position detecting apparatus for detecting position of an object disposed in a first space by receiving light from the object with a light receiving element disposed outside said first space, said position detecting apparatus includes an optical system for directing light from the object to the light receiving element, and a first optical element transmitting light from the object, disposed in a partitioning member for partitioning said first space and space outside said first space, wherein said first optical element is located on a position on or near a pupil plane or a plane conjugate to the pupil plane of said optical system.

Abstract: In the reverse braking control of the vehicle, a master cylinder pressure Pmc generated according to the driver's pressing force of a brake pedal is pressurized by pumps and is supplied as a wheel cylinder pressure of rear wheels. The pressurized master cylinder pressure Pmc is reduced by the on-off control of pressure reducing solenoid valves and is supplied as a wheel cylinder pressure of front wheels. This ensures application of the braking force to the front wheels and the rear wheels at a front-rear ratio having a greater rear wheel fraction than the front-rear ratio during the forward braking control. A greater braking force is thus applied to the rear wheels, which are located at the front in the moving direction of the reverse braking control. This ensures generation of a sufficient braking force and effectively prevents the lock of the front wheels.

Abstract: A process for the production of trialkoxyhalosilanes which comprises reacting a tetrahalosilane [37] with a tetra-alkoxysilane [38] in the presence of an alcohol whose alkoxy group is the same as those of the tetraalkoxysilane to thereby obtain a trialkoxyhalosilane [39], characterized in that the alcohol is used in an amount of 5 to 50% by mole based on the total amount of Si of the tetrahalosilane and the tetraalkoxysilane: SiX4 [37] (wherein X is halogeno) Si(OR1)4 [38] (wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) XSi(OR1)3 [39] (wherein X and R1 are each as defined above).

Abstract: A process for the production of trialkoxyhalosilanes which comprises reacting a tetrahalosilane [37] with a tetra-alkoxysilane [38] in the presence of an alcohol whose alkoxy group is the same as those of the tetraalkoxysilane to thereby obtain a trialkoxyhalosilane [39], characterized in that the alcohol is used in an amount of 5 to 50% by mole based on the total amount of Si of the tetrahalosilane and the tetraalkoxysilane: SiX4[37] (wherein X is halogeno) Si(OR1)4[38] (wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) XSi(OR1)3[39] (wherein X and R1 are each as defined above).

Abstract: In a vehicular control object determination system, the position of an object detected by a radar device is stored by a detection position memory, and a predetermined area having the position of the object as the center is set as the determination region by a determination region setter. When the determination region set for one of two objects is passed through by the other object, the passing direction is determined by a passing direction determiner. During this process, the direction in which a fixed object or an object dropped on the road moves relative to a preceding vehicle is a direction in which the fixed object or the dropped object on the road approaches the subject vehicle with the preceding vehicle as a reference.

Abstract: A tunnel junction device capable of controlling its spin retention is provided. The tunnel junction device includes a La0.6Sr0.4MnO3-? electrode (12), a La0.6Sr0.4Mn1-yRuyO3-? electrode (14), both as ferromagnetic (including ferrimagnetic) metal materials, and a LaAlO3-? (electrically insulating layer) (13) arranged between the two electrodes (12) and (14).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a system for deciding an optimal improvement measure for a product assembling time and defective assembly generated in an assembling process. This is achieved by extracting an assembling element having a high assembling time and a high defective assembly potential from similar assembling operations and extracting a concrete improvement guideline from a generalized improvement guideline extracted from a database and an assembling element.