Abstract: Reading out data of a logically designed circuit (S1); replacing flip-flops in the circuit with respective scan flip-flops with LUL, and cascading the scan flip-flops with LUL with respect to scan-in and scan-out to form a scan circuit (S2); laying out the changed logically designed circuit (S3); replacing the scan flip-flops with LUL with ordinary scan flip-flops (S4); performing a static timing analysis (S6); and if timing error occurs, replacing a corresponding ordinary scan flip-flop with a scan flip-flop with LUL (S7).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a scanning optical apparatus that is capable of suppressing, to a minute amount, scanning line bending caused by rotational decentration of a single lens that is a scanning optical system, and to provide an image forming apparatus using the optical scanning apparatus. To achieve the stated object, with the technique of the present invention, a single lens is used as a scanning optical system and the surface shape of the single lens is set so that a direction of scanning line bending in the sub scanning direction occurring when an incident surface of the single lens is rotationally decenter about an axis parallel to the main scanning direction is opposite to a direction of scanning line bending in the sub scanning direction occurring when an exit surface is rotationally decenter about the axis parallel to the main scanning direction.

Abstract: A laminate-type diffractive optical element which is easily producible and which allows high optical performance to be easily achieved, and an optical system using the same, are disclosed. In the diffractive optical element formed by laminating a plurality of diffraction gratings, when the distance between the uppermost portion of one diffraction grating and the lowermost portion of the other diffraction grating in two diffraction gratings adjacent to each other along the incident direction of a light is represented by D (&mgr;m), these two diffraction gratings are arranged to satisfy the following relation: 10 &mgr;m<D<40 &mgr;m.

Abstract: In each of the memory cell arrays in the memory banks, a memory cell row corresponding to each of the word lines extending in a column direction of each of the memory cell arrays store pixel data of each pixel block of first and second rows set in a horizontal way in a search area within a search frame of picture signal. The pixel data of a predetermined pixel block is selectively captured into each of the data buffer through the sense amplifiers and the switches. Selector sequentially extracts pixel data as candidate blocks based on the pixel data of two pixel blocks held in each of the data buffers. The matching circuit matches the pixel data as the extracted candidate blocks against the pixel data as the input reference block using the block-matching process to obtain a motion vector relative to the reference block.

Abstract: An illumination optical system includes a fly's eye lens, having a plurality of small lens elements, for forming secondary light sources by use of light from a light source, an optical device for illuminating a surface to be illuminated, with light from the secondary light sources, wherein the optical device is arranged to assure that the secondary light sources as seen from points on the surface illuminated have substantially the same numerical aperture, an optical filter for restricting, at an entrance side of the fly's eye lens, a quantity of light entering a desired small lens element of the plurality of small lens elements constituting the fly's eye lens, and a driver for driving the optical filter.

Abstract: A nozzle internal resin pressure feedback control system has a mold internal pressure sensor for measuring a mold internal resin pressure as a measured mold internal pressure value. The measured mold internal pressure value is fed to the nozzle internal resin pressure feedback control system, and a nozzle internal pressure preset value in the nozzle internal resin pressure feedback control system is changed in accordance with a difference between the measured mold internal pressure value and the mold internal pressure preset value.

Abstract: There are provided a power line spectrum extractor for extracting power line spectra of a waveform to be processed; a level interpolation controller for performing level interpolation control on the power line spectra at every unit of a certain frequency, which is not higher than half a sampling frequency; and a cepstrum analyzer for performing Fast Fourier Transformation on the power spectra subjected to the level interpolation control and performing Inverse Fast Fourier Transformation on values found by performing level setting with a specified coefficient.

Abstract: In an image reading apparatus for reading an original image using a light source containing a plurality of color components, a control pulse for dimming the light source is generated by pulse-width modulation symmetrically with respect to a reference timing (for example, the central position in one storage time or the storage start timing) in one predetermined storage time of a line sensor.

Abstract: A probe 19 illuminates and enlargingly images the coupling end face of the optical connector 1a. An attachment 2 disposes the coupling end face of the optical connector 1a on the optical axis of the probe 19 and causes the coupling end face of the optical connector to be focused in a position inside the probe. A monitor unit 20 monitors the image of the state of the coupling end face of the optical connector 1a obtained by enlarging imaging by the probe 19.

Abstract: In a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device in which a plurality of threshold values are set to store multi-level data in a memory cell, bits of multi-bit data are separately written into a memory cell according to an address signal or a control signal to effect the reading and erasing. Concretely, the memory array is so constituted that it can be accessed by three-dimensional address of X, Y and Z., and multi-bit data in the memory cell is discriminated by the Z-address.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metallic dental crown comprising making a model base out of a base formed on a tooth root in an oral cavity; capping only a top portion of the model base with a mold material for forming a dental crown occlusal portion which is made of plastic film and which has a shallow royal crown configuration; coating that area of an outer peripheral surface of the model base, which is not capped with the mold material for forming the dental crown occlusal portion, with wax to form a composite mold material for forming the dental crown integral with the mold material for forming the dental crown occlusal portion; and substitution molding the composite mold material for forming the dental crown with a metal material. A mold material for forming a dental crown occlusal portion used for manufacturing a metallic dental crown is also disclosed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an electrostatic latent image bearing member, a charging for uniformly charging a surface of the electrostatic latent image bearing member, a developing for visualizing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image bearing member with a developer, a transferring device for transferring a developer image formed on the electrostatic latent image bearing member to a transferring material, and a cleaning device for cleaning the surface of the electrostatic latent image bearing member by bringing a cleaning blade consisting of an elastic blade into contact with the surface of the electrostatic latent image bearing member. The cleaning blade includes a portion to be brought into contact with the surface of the electrostatic latent image bearing member and resin films are formed on surface areas at both ends outside a developing area in a longitudinal direction. A portion of the elastic blade corresponding to the developing area is free of resin film.

Abstract: To control a light emitted from a fluorescent lamp having phosphors with different afterglow properties for different colors, a center of a lighting control signal for controlling the lighting of the fluorescent lamp is controlled to constantly align with the center of a Hsync period so that despite the variation of the lighting time of the fluorescent lamp, a barycenter of the quantity of light from the fluorescent lamp in the Hsync period almost aligns with the center of the Hsync period to reduce the offset of the barycenter.

Abstract: Liquid treatment units are disposed in multi-tiers surrounding a main-arm 35. Among liquid treatment units, plating units M1 through M4 are disposed on a lower tier side, and a unit for post-treatment process such as a cleaning unit 70 where a cleaner atmosphere is necessary is disposed on an upper tier side. Thereby, an improvement in an area efficiency and the formation and maintenance of a clean atmosphere can be simultaneously obtained.

Abstract: A liquid-phase growth method for immersing a polycrystalline substrate in a melt in a crucible wherein crystal ingredients are dissolved, thereby growing poly crystals upon the substrate, comprises a first step for growing poly crystals to a predetermined thickness, and a second step for melting back a part of the poly crystals grown in the first step in the melt, wherein the relative position between the substrate and melt is changed between the first step and second step, bringing melt with different temperature into contact with the polycrystalline surface. The obtained poly crystals have properties rivaling those of poly crystals used in conventional solar cells but with little risk of trouble such as line breakage of grid electrodes in application to solar cells, and can be obtained in great quantities at low costs.

Abstract: This invention is related to a compact photographing lens wherein an aperture stop is arranged at a position closest to an object, a first lens group, a second lens group, and a third lens group are arranged sequentially from the object side, the first lens group is formed by arranging, sequentially from the object side, a first lens having a positive refracting power and a second lens having a negative refracting power and bonded to the first lens, the second lens being formed from a meniscus lens with a concave surface facing the object side, the second lens group is formed from only a third lens as a meniscus lens which has at least one aspherical refracting surface and a concave surface facing the object side, the third lens group is formed from only a fourth lens as a meniscus lens which has at least one aspherical refracting surface and a convex surface facing the object side, and the photographing lens satisfies conditions (1) to (5):

Abstract: This invention relates to an image reading apparatus which eliminates color misregistration upon reading in the sub-scanning direction, which occurs due to different afterglow or persistence characteristics of the respective colors of a light source upon executing the light quantity control of the light source for illuminating an original. Since the light quantity control of the light source is divisionally done a plurality of times in one accumulation period of a solid-state image sensing element, any deviation of the center of gravity in the quantity of light from the center C of one accumulation period can be minimized, and the color misregistration can be eliminated remarkably.

Abstract: In an image reading apparatus for reading an original image using a light source containing a plurality of color components, a control pulse for dimming the light source is generated by pulse-width modulation symmetrically with respect to a reference timing (for example, the central position in one storage time or the storage start timing) in one predetermined storage time of a line sensor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to crystals of P1-(2′-deoxycytidine 5′-)P4-(uridine 5′-)tetraphosphate (dCP4U) or a salt thereof and to a process for producing the crystals. The present invention also provides a process for producing dCP4U involving reacting uridine 5′-monophosphate (UMP), 2′-deoxycytidine 5′-monophosphate (dCMP), diphenyl phosphorochloridate (DPC), and pyrophosphate (PPi). The crystals of dCP4U obtained through the process according to the present invention have high purity and high stability and no hygroscopicity as compared with a freeze-dried product, and thereby serve as a useful raw material for preparing a pharmaceutical. The process for producing dCP4U according to the present invention permits use of inexpensive UMP as a raw material and realizes high yield. Thus, the process is suitable for large-scale synthesis of dCP4U.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a phosphorus containing epoxy resin compositions, comprising an epoxy resin composition (a) in which a phosphorus containing epoxy resin (A) and a hardener are contained, wherein said phosphorus containing epoxy resin (A) is a phosphorus containing resin composition prepared by reacting phosphorus containing organic compounds (B) obtained by the reaction in the range of molar ratio of 1.01 to 2 moles of organic phosphorus compounds (b) having one active hydrogen atom bonded to phosphorus atom and 1 mole of quinone compound with at least one kind of epoxy resins (C) selected from the groups composed of general formula 1, general formula 2 or general formula 3 so as the content of said epoxy resins (C) to be from 20 to 45 wt.