Abstract: A safer rechargeable battery is offered. More concretely, The secondary battery composed to prevent the overcharge is offered. The electrolyte salt concentration of an electrolyte solution (solid or liquid) and those absolute quantity is controlled in the rechargeable battery in this execution form by using the anode material including n-dope domain and p-dope domain and in which many electron reactions are possible. In the anode of this rechargeable battery disconnection of lithium ion will take place first with the low potential (potential of n dope) at the time of charge, next, absorption of an anion will take place with as high potential (potential of p dope) as the point. Although the career of the ion current is only a lithium ion in the potential of n dope, in p dope potential, anion current flows through the anode side and lithium ion current flows through the cathode side.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer compound for an electrode material permitting operation at low temperatures and attainment of large capacities, an electrode using the polymer compound, and a nonaqueous solution battery involving the electrode as the positive electrode thereof. The polymer compound includes a structure capable of intramolecularly forming at least one S—S bond in a single side chain of the repeating unit thereof. The S—S bond constitutes a part of a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle. The electrode includes as an electrode material the polymer compound including a structure capable of intramolecularly forming at least one S—S bond in the single side chain of the repeating unit thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new redox-active polymer capable of an adequate redox reaction even at low temperature and effectively usable as a high-capacity, high-energy density battery, a large-area electrochromic element, or a biochemical sensor using a microelectrode. This redox-active polymer is of being prepared by polymerizing an aromatic or heterocyclic compound having two or more thiourea groups with an aromatic or heterocyclic compound having two or more isothiocyanate groups. For example, The redox-active polymer may be of being prepared by polymerizing N,N?-1,4-phenylene-bis-thiourea with phenylene-1,4-diisothiocyanate. The redox-active polymer is suitable as an electrode material, particularly a cathode for lithium secondary batteries.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer compound for an electrode material permitting operation at low temperatures and attainment of large capacities, an electrode using the polymer compound, and a nonaqueous solution battery involving the electrode as the positive electrode thereof. The polymer compound includes a structure capable of intramolecularly forming at least one S—S bond in a single side chain of the repeating unit thereof. The S—S bond constitutes a part of a 4- to 6-membered heterocycle. The electrode includes as an electrode material the polymer compound including a structure capable of intramolecularly forming at least one S—S bond in the single side chain of the repeating unit thereof.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing a composite electrode which can be configured in a battery. The method comprises steps of (1) preparing a solution of an organic disulfide compound in 2-pyrrolidone or its derivative, (2) adding polyaniline to the solution to dissolve, thereby obtaining a homogeneous liquid, and then (3) removing at least a part of the 2-pyrrolidone or its derivative from the homogeneous liquid to obtain a solid product wherein the organic disulfide compound and the polyaniline are homogeneously mixed.

Abstract: A composite cathode for a battery is disclosed. In addition, a method is disclosed for producing said composite cathode which can be configured in a battery. The method comprises steps or (1) preparing a solution or an organic disulfide compound in 2-pyrrolidone or its derivative, (2) adding polyaniline to the solution to dissolve, thereby obtaining a homogeneous liquid, and then (3) removing at least a part of the 2-pyrrolidone or its derivative from the homogeneous liquid to obtain a solid product wherein the organic disulfide compound and the polyaniline are homogeneously mixed.

Abstract: A reversible electrode is provided comprising mainly organic disulfide compounds and having applications in such electrochemical devices as batteries, electrochromic displays, sensors, memories, etc. Large current charge/discharge is realized at room temperature with charge/discharge characteristics of excellent reversibility. Its structure is a composition combining organic disulfide compounds with disulfide bonding and conducting polymers. In other words, conducting polymers after being subjected to an electrolysis are put together with organic disulfide compounds. Thus, due to the effect of composition with conducting polymers, the oxidation/reduction reactions of organic disulfide compounds are accelerated and a reversible electrode characterized by utilization of a high energy density of organic disulfide compounds and the possibility of a large current charge/discharge is realized.

Abstract: A reversible electrochemical electrode applicable for a battery, sensor, memory or display device is made by ion-implanting a conductive solid polymer such as polyaniline with ions of alkaline or alkaline earth metal. A wide variety of selections and combinations of materials of the conductive solid polymer and ion is possible. In addition, n-type doping is possible.

Abstract: A reversible electrode of the present invention includes, as a main component thereof, a thiourea compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## (where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, an aryl group, an allyl group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a group containing a mercapto group, a group containing a phenyl group, a group having a hetero ring containing O, and a group having a hetero ring containing N) or a polymer having the thiourea compound as its main polymer unit; the reversible electrode utilizing reversible electrochemical oxidation-reduction of sulfur atoms of the thiourea compound or the polymer.

Abstract: A reversible electrode of the present invention is provided, which includes an organic sulfur aromatic compound represented by the formula R(SX).sub.y (where R is an aromatic group, S is sulfur, X is a metal atom or hydrogen, and y is an integer of 2 or more) as a component so as to utilize the reversible electrochemical oxidation-reduction of sulfur atoms of the organic sulfur aromatic compound for an electrode reaction. Moreover, according to the present invention, a method for producing the reversible electrode is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode material comprising a combination of a compound having a disulfide group and a conductive polymer, or a conductive polymer having a disulfide group, wherein an S-S bond of the disulfide group is cleaved by the electrolytic reduction to form a sulfur-metal ion bond or a sulfur-proton bond, and the sulfur-metal ion bond or the sulfur-proton bond re-forms an S-S bond by the electrolytic oxidation. The present invention also provides a lithium rechargeable battery comprising a cathode, a solid electrolyte, and an anode, wherein the cathode is made of a composition containing as its main components lithium thiolate having a sulfur-lithium ion bond capable of forming a disulfide bond by the electrolytic oxidation and a .pi. electron conjugated conductive polymer; or a composition containing as its main component a .pi.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solid polymer electrolyte which comprises polymerizing an ester polymethoxyoxyalkylene, a diester polyoxyalkylene, an oxycompound having a double bond, and an inorganic salt, and the solid polymer electrolyte thus obtained. The electrolyte is suitable for application in electrochemical devices such as primary or secondary battery, condenser or electrochromic display.