Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling operation of a bag-forming and -filling packing apparatus for supplying unsealed packaged articles (45) to a rotary vacuum packaging machine at regular intervals, in which the rotary vacuum packing machine is subjected to significant variations in loads. A main controller (115) for receiving pulse signals calculates modulation of the pitch of pulses from a main motor (86) of the rotary vacuum packaging machine, and control elements (94, 95, 96, 97) each attached to a corresponding one of all servo motors (20, 30, 40, 76) of the bag-forming and -filling packaging machine individually and simultaneously control the rotation value of each servo motor. This configuration can avoid step-wise control of each servo motor and reduce impacts on a rotary section and a failure rate while maintaining a slow control operation.

Abstract: An industrial process for preparing an oxazolidin-2-one derivative represented by the following general formula (3) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are hydrogen atom, straight, branched or cyclic alkyl group, straight or branched alkyl group substituted by alkoxy, substituted amino or alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R5 is are hydrogen atom, straight, branched or cyclic alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, which is characterized in reacting a 1,3-dioxolan-2-one derivative and a carbamate derivative or an urea derivative in the presence of a fluoride salt.

Abstract: A composition for anti-reflective coating material is disclosed, comprising a polymer compound having repeating units having specific structure, and optionally a melamine, guanamine, urea, phenol, naphthol or hydroxyanthracene compound substituted by at least one group selected from the group consisting of a methylol group and an alkoxymethyl group at two or more positions. The composition for anti-reflective coating material of the present invention is effective for the reduction of adverse effects of reflection by the substrate in a lithographic process using various radiations. A resist pattern formation process which comprises the use of the composition for anti-reflective coating material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition for anti-reflective coating material is disclosed, comprising a polymer compound having repeating units having specific structure, and optionally a melamine, guanamine, urea, phenol, naphthol or hydroxyanthracene compound substituted by at least one group selected from the group consisting of a methylol group and an alkoxymethyl group at two or more positions. The composition for anti-reflective coating material of the present invention is effective for the reduction of adverse effects of reflection by the substrate in a lithographic process using various radiations. A resist pattern formation process which comprises the use of the composition for anti-reflective coating material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for preparation of a glycidyl ether which is characrelized in reacting an epoxy compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is halogen or sulfonyloxy in the presence of a fluoride salt, with an alcohol. According to the above method, glycigyl ethers or their optically active compounds important as intermediates for synthesis of medicines are easily obtained in good yield and especially the optically active compounds are obtained with highly optical purity.

Abstract: A process for preparation of 3-amino-2-hydroxy-1-propyl ether of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, or may form a ring together with an adjacent nitrogen atom, which ring may be interrupted with nitrogen atom, oxygen atom or sulfur atom,which is characterized in reacting an epoxy compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein X is halogen, in the presence of a fluoride salt, with an alcohol and then reacting an amine.According to the above method, an intermediates for synthesis of medicines is obtained in good yield and highly optical purity.

Abstract: The gas circuit breaker comprises a metal container filled with an insulating gas; first and second contacts disposed opposite each other in the metal container so that they can be brought into and out of engagement with each other; and a metal shield arranged in the metal container to enclose the two contacts. A part or a whole of the surface of the shield is oxidized and covered with a fluororesin layer. The gas circuit breaker with this construction can protect the shield surface against flaking and scores when subjected to mechanical impacts and can maintain high dielectric strength without increasing the size of the circuit breaker.

Abstract: In a gas-insulated transmission line for transmitting electric power between the substations, a bus change-over disconnecting switch for connection to a reserve circuit is provided at a portion where the gas-insulated transmission line is connected to a gas-insulated switchgear in order to improve reliability, and a first circuit and a second circuit are connected to the reserve circuit by using the change-over disconnecting switch. Therefore, even if grounding fault occurs on the two circuits at worst, transmission of electric power is reliably maintained without causing power failure.

Abstract: A positive-working photosensitive composition comprises:(1) an alkali-soluble resin;(2) a quinonediazide compound;(3) an organic phosphoric compound; and(4) at least one of a phenylenediamine compound and a derivative thereof, 2-amino-1-phenylethanol, N-phenyldiethanolamine, N-phenylethanolamine, N-ethyldiethanolamine, and N-ethylethanolamine. The resist composition exhibits so higher an adhesion to a substrate than ever as to provide an enhanced accuracy in processing during etching, enabling subsequent faithful transfer of a finer pattern to the substrate.

Abstract: A positive type or negative type photoresist composition for fine processing having excellent resolution, sensitivity, adhesive-ness and developability comprising:(a) an alkali soluble resin or a resin having anti-alkali dissolution groups in the molecules thereof,(b) a light-sensitive compound, and(c) at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of organic phosphorus acid compounds and esters thereof in an amount of 0.001 to 10% by weight based on a weight of the resin. In addition, the present invention is directed to an etching method utilizing the positive type or negative type photoresist composition.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solid granular processing composition for a silver halide photographic light sensitive material is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of (1) fluidizing in air current powder particles comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of a thiosulfate, a sulfite, a bisulfite, an aminopolycarboxylic acid ferric complex, a carbonate, a p-phenylenediamine type developing agent and a hydroxylamine or its derivative; and (2) granulating the fluidized particles at a theoretical relative humidity of 15 to 60%, while spraying a binder water to the particles to obtain granules.

Abstract: A recycling method for photographic processing waste liquid is disclosed. The photographic processing waste liquid is subjected to evaporative concentration under a reduced pressure of not higher than 700 mmHg and at a temperature of not higher than 90.degree. C. The resulting distillate is used as a solvent for photographic processing agents or as an evaporation compensator for processing tanks of an automatic processing machine.

Abstract: In an apparatus for processing a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material, there is provided a solid agent replenishing device to store a package in which a solid agent is packed in a moistureproofing manner. The replenishing device releases the solid agent from the package so as to directly replenish the solid agents to the processing tank.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a tablet processing agent for a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, which comprises the step ofmolding particles into tablets at a compression pressure of 400 to 4500 kg/cm.sup.2 and at a compression dwell time of 0.015 to 1.000 second to obtain the tablet processing agent, wherein the particles comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of a p-phenylene diamine and its derivatives, a hydroxylamine and its derivatives, an alkali metal carbonate, an amino polycarboxylic acid ferric complex and a thiosulfate.

Abstract: An automatic developing apparatus for processing an exposed silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material with a processing solution comprises a processing tank containing the processing solution, a replenishing processing solution tank in which a replenishing processing solution is prepared by dissolving a processing tablet, tablet dissolving means provided in the replenishing processing solution tank, means for detecting the dissolution of the tablet and means for supplying the replenishing processing solution to the processing tank.

Abstract: An automatic developing apparatus for processing an exposed silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material with a processing solution comprises a processing tank containing the processing solution, a replenishing processing solution tank in which a replenishing processing solution is prepared by dissolving a processing tablet, tablet dissolving means provided in the replenishing processing solution tank, means for detecting the dissolution of the tablet and means for supplying the replenishing processing solution to the processing tank.

Abstract: In an apparatus for processing a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material, there is provided a solid agent replenishing device to store a package in which a solid agent is packed in a moistureproofing manner. The replenishing device releases the solid agent from the package so as directly replenish the solid agents to the processing tank.

Abstract: A processing chemical for light-sensitive silver halide photographic material, comprising a cyclodextrin compound, which can contribute a decrease in packaging materials, transportation cost and storage space, can be free from lateral cracking at the formation of tablets, and can bring about an improvement in storage stability after being formed into processing solutions (i.e., more free from occurrence of stain during developing and scratches in light-sensitive materials having been processed, caused by deposition of crystals).

Abstract: A tablet-shaped bleaching agent for preparing a bleaching solution for color silver halide photographic materials is disclosed, along with the method of making it, the method of using it to prepare a bleaching solution, and the method of processing a color silver halide photographic material using a replenishing solution made from the tablet as a bleaching solution. The tablet has a bulk density of 1.00 to 3.00 g/cm.sup.3, and a total ammonium content of no more that 50 mol % of the total cation content in the tablet. The tablet comprises a ferric complex salt of a compound represented by Formula (L) and an organic polyacid according to Formula (C). In Formula (L), A.sub.1-4 each represent --CH.sub.2 OH, --COOM, or --PO.sub.3 M.sub.1 M.sub.2, and X represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group of 3-6 carbon atoms. In Formula (C), A.sub.5 represents an organic group, and n is an integer of not less than 2. ##STR1## Formula (C) A.sub.5 --(COOM).sub.

Abstract: A solid photographic processing agent for a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. It has a bulk density of 0.5 to 6.0 g/cm.sup.3, and comprises a photographic processing agent and at least one of the compounds represented by the following Formula (I):Formula (I)R--(O).sub.n SO.sub.3 Xwherein R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a polymer chain having a repetition unit derived from an ethylenically unsaturated group; X represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or an ammonium group; and n is an integer of 0 or 1.