Abstract: The present invention provides an information processing device and the like capable of facilitating confirmation of a claim structure even when the number of claims is large. The information processing device includes subordinate relationship extraction means for extracting a claim number and a subordinate relationship between claims from claim data including a plurality of claims; and relationship diagram generation means for generating, based on the subordinate relationship between claims, a relationship diagram in which the claim number is disposed on or in a periphery of circularly-arranged points or a circling line.

Abstract: The configuration of a liquid crystal switch capable of reducing attenuation in an optical switch, and an optical reception device and an optical switch network that use this liquid crystal switch device are described. The liquid crystal switch device includes optical switches that perform ON/OFF switching of light beams by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal. The attenuation is further reduced by installing the ends of the optical fibers in depressions (or holes) that are formed in the substrate on which the switch elements are formed and in the liquid crystal encapsulation substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perpendicular magnetic recording medium 11 having a perpendicular magnetization film 22 formed on a substrate 20, wherein a high perpendicular orientation film 24 having higher perpendicular orientation than that of the perpendicular magnetization film 22 is formed over or/and under the perpendicular magnetization film 22.

Abstract: A vertical magnetic recording medium includes a soft magnetic film formed on a substrate, and a vertical magnetization film formed on the soft magnetic film. &mgr;·&dgr;b≧1000, when &mgr; is a permeability of the soft magnetic film, and &dgr;b [nm] is a film thickness of the soft magnetic film. The permeability &mgr; of the soft magnetic film is 5≦&mgr;≦200, and the film thickness &dgr;b of the soft magnetic film is equal to or less than 500 nm. Also, vertical magnetic anisotropy energy Ku [erg/cc] of the vertical magnetization film is 1×107≦Ku≦7×108, and coercive force Hc [kOe] of the vertical magnetization film in the vertical direction to a surface of the vertical magnetization film is 5≦Hc≦10.

Abstract: The element configuration of a liquid crystal switch that is capable of reducing attenuation in an optical switch, and an optical reception device and an optical switch network that use this liquid crystal switch device are described. The liquid crystal switch device includes: a plurality of optical switches that perform ON/OFF switching of light beams by voltage that is applied to liquid crystal, optical fibers that are installed on both sides of each optical switch, voltage application switching elements for switching the switches of the plurality of optical switches to which voltage is to be applied, a plurality of switching lines and voltage application lines that are arranged in rows and columns for applying voltage to the voltage application switching elements, and drivers for switching between applying and not applying voltage to these lines; whereby the selection of combinations of any of these lines to which voltage is applied enables the ON/OFF control of optical switches at any position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perpendicular magnetic recording medium 11 having a perpendicular magnetization film 22 formed on a substrate 20, wherein a high perpendicular orientation film 24 having higher perpendicular orientation than that of the perpendicular magnetization film 22 is formed over or/and under the perpendicular magnetization film 22.

Abstract: The present invention improves the reproduction resolution in a magnetic disc apparatus of the double layered perpendicular magnetic recording method. A perpendicular magnetic recording medium 20 includes an undercoat soft a magnetic film 24 and a perpendicular magnetization film 28 formed on a substrate 22. An MR head 210 includes an MR element 213 arranged between magnetic shield layers 211 and 213 as soft magnetic bodies. By simulation of an MR head reproduction response of the double layered perpendicular magnetic recording method, the reproduction gap length g is defined to be not greater than 0.1 [micrometers], the magnetic spacing d is defined to be not greater than 20 [nm], the perpendicular magnetization film 28 is defined to have a thickness &dgr; not greater than 50 [nm], and the undercoat soft magnetic film 24 is defined to have a thickness not greater than 20 [nm].

Abstract: The present invention provides a perpendicular magnetic recording medium 11 having a perpendicular magnetization film 22 formed on a substrate 20, wherein a high perpendicular orientation film 24 having higher perpendicular orientation than that of the perpendicular magnetization film 22 is formed over or/and under the perpendicular magnetization film 22.

Abstract: It is intended to reduce the media noise, and to improve the recording density dependence of read output voltage. The present invention provides a perpendicular magnetic recording media and its manufacturing process, wherein a perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprises a soft magnetic underlayer film and a perpendicular magnetizing film, these films being formed on a substrate in this order, a smoothness control film such as Cr film, being inserted between the substrate and the soft magnetic underlayer film. Therefore, perpendicular orientation and surface smoothness are improved for the perpendicular magnetizing film laminated on the smooth surface of the soft magnetic underlayer film. As the perpendicular orientation is improved for the perpendicular magnetizing film, the initial layer is reduced, thereby media noise being lowered and recording density dependence of read output voltage being improved.

Abstract: In a perpendicular magnetic recording medium, a soft magnetic film playing the role of an back layer, but not having a domain wall structure, is positioned beneath a perpendicular magnetization film. Such a back layer improves the envelope characteristic of the medium at the time of recording and reproduction. Moreover, the medium is free from spike noise and the decrease or cancellation of recorded magnetization ascribable to the movement of the domain wall of a back layer. The medium of the present invention is therefore a drastic solution to the problems particular to a conventional perpendicular magnetic recording medium and realizes desirable recording and reproducing characteristics.

Abstract: A vertical magnetic recording medium includes a soft magnetic film formed on a substrate, and a vertical magnetization film formed on the soft magnetic film. &mgr;·&dgr;b≧=1000, when &mgr; is a permeability of the soft magnetic film, and &dgr;b [nm] is a film thickness of the soft magnetic film. The permeability &mgr; of the soft magnetic film is 5≦&mgr;≦200, and the film thickness &dgr;b of the soft magnetic film is equal to or less than 500 nm. Also, vertical magnetic anisotropy energy Ku [erg/cc] of the vertical magnetization film is 1×107≦Ku≦7×108, and coercive force Hc [kOe] of the vertical magnetization film in the vertical direction to a surface of the vertical magnetization film is 5≦Hc≦10.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic disc apparatus comprising a vertical two-layered magnetic recording (MR) medium and a mono-pole/MR composite head or ID/MR composite head, wherein the vertical two-layered magnetic recording medium includes a vertical magnetization film formed on an undercoat soft magnetic film having no magnetic domain wall structure. This eliminates the fatal defect of a conventional vertical two-layered medium that an undercoat soft magnetic film domain wall is easily shifted by an external magnetic field generated by motors for disc rotation and head positioning, causing demagnetization of the recording magnetization to lower the output. The magnetic disc apparatus according to the present invention enables to obtain a high output stability.