Abstract: A vacuum envelope of a display apparatus includes a rear plate, a face plate opposing the rear plate, and a side wall interposed between the rear and face plates. A phosphor screen is formed on the inner surface of the face plate. A plurality of electron-emitting elements are provide on the inner surface of the rear plate, to emit electrons to the phosphor screen. A reinforced glass plate is provided, opposing the outer surface of the face plate. A resistive layer is provided between the reinforced glass plate and the face plate. The resistive layer has a sheet resistance of 10 &OHgr;/□ or more and is set at an anode potential.

Abstract: An image display system produces a color image by arranging a color shutter capable of time-divisionally switching a plurality of colors to be displayed, in front of a monochrome image display. This image display system comprises: a self-luminous image display part for time-divisionally displaying monochrome images corresponding to three primary colors; and a color display part for time-divisionally coloring and outputting the monochrome images which formed on the side of the light outgoing surface of the self-luminous image display part and which correspond to the three primary colors.

Abstract: The evacuated envelope of an image display apparatus has a rear substrate, a front substrate opposing the rear substrate, and a sidewall interposed between the rear and front substrates. A phosphor screen is formed on the inner surface of the front substrate. Electron-emitting elements are provided on the rear substrate. An indium layer is formed on a sealing surface lying between the front substrate and the sidewall. When the indium layer is heated and melted in a vacuum atmosphere, the front and rear substrates are sealed to each other, with the sidewall interposed between them.

Abstract: Multi-purpose indoor units and multi-purpose outdoor units are parallel-connected with each other by refrigerant pipes, and an operating capacity is obtained on the basis of the sum of the demanded capacities of the indoor units and on the basis of the compressor type and maximum capacity of the outdoor units using a control apparatus.