Abstract: A dispersion of exfoliated particles which includes at least one nitrogen-containing basic compound (A) which is a tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium hydroxide having at least one alkyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, and in which exfoliated particles (C) produced by interlayer-exfoliating a proton-type layered polysilicate compound (B) are dispersed in an aqueous solution (D) having 10 vol % to 90 vol % of an alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and a film-forming composition, a porous body-forming composition, an LB film, a coating film, a free-standing membrane, a proton conductor, an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells, and a porous body each containing exfoliated particles.

Abstract: A chemical fluid for underground injection includes an inorganic substance, an antioxidant (e.g. ascorbic acid, gluconic acid, or a salt thereof, or ?-acetyl-?-butyrolactone, or bisulfite, or disulfite), and water. The inorganic substance may be a colloidal particle or a powder. The inorganic substance may be present in the chemical fluid in amounts of 0.001% by mass to 50% by mass based on the total mass of the chemical fluid for underground injection. The antioxidant may be present in the chemical fluid at a ratio of 0.0001 to 2 of the mass of the antioxidant to the mass of the inorganic substance. A surface of the inorganic substance may be coated with a silane compound. The chemical fluid may further include an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method capable of easily producing a layered silicate in a short time. The problem may be solved by a method of producing a layered silicate, including the following steps (a) and (b): (a) providing a cage silicate that contains an anion component represented by formula (1) below and a cation component represented by formula (2) below with a ratio of the mole number of water to the mole number of the anion component in terms of SiO2, (H2O/SiO2), of 0.7 to 30; (in formula (2), R represents an alkyl group having 2 to 9 carbon atoms) and (b) treating the cage silicate obtained in step (a) in an autoclave.

Abstract: A gas barrier film-forming composition comprising the following components: plate-like particles composed of exfoliated layer substances generated through interlayer exfoliation of layered compound, plate-like particles having average thickness of 0.7 nm to 100 nm, average major-axis length of 100 nm to 100,000 nm, and ratio of (maximum major-axis length/width orthogonal to maximum major-axis length) of 1.0 to 10.0, and containing quaternary ammonium ions each having total carbon atom number of 13 to 45 and one or two C10-20 alkyl groups, and anionic surfactant having ammonium ion, wherein the amount of each of quaternary ammonium ions and anionic surfactant is more than 0% by mass and 3.0% by mass or less relative to mass of plate-like particles, a water-soluble polymer; and an aqueous medium. The gas barrier film-forming composition, wherein layered compound is ilerite. A formed product comprising a base and a gas barrier film disposed on surface of the base.

Abstract: A chemical fluid for underground injection includes an inorganic substance, an antioxidant (e.g. ascorbic acid, gluconic acid, or a salt thereof, or bisulfite, or disulfite), and water. The inorganic substance may be a colloidal particle or a powder. The inorganic substance may be present in the chemical fluid in amounts of 0.001% by mass to 50% by mass based on the total mass of the chemical fluid for underground injection. The antioxidant may be present in the chemical fluid at a ratio of 0.0001 to 2 of the mass of the antioxidant to the mass of the inorganic substance. A surface of the inorganic substance may be coated with a silane compound. The chemical fluid may further include an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A stable dispersion of exfoliated layer substances is prepared through interlayer exfoliation of a layered compound. A dispersion including quaternary ammonium ions (A) each having a total carbon atom number of 15 to 45 and one or two C10-20 alkyl groups, and an anionic surfactant (B) having an ammonium ion, wherein plate-like particles (C) having an average thickness of 0.7 to 40 nm, an average major-axis length of 100 to 600 nm, an average minor-axis length of 50 to 300 nm, and a ratio of average major-axis length to average minor-axis length of 1.0 to 10.0 are dispersed in a liquid medium, and the plate-like particles (C) in the dispersion have an average particle diameter of 10 to 600 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering, and a transparent substrate using the dispersion.