Abstract: A liquid ejection head including a recording element substrate for ejecting liquid supported by a support member with an adhesive layer provided between the recording element substrate and the support member. A terminal is provided at an end portion of the recording element substrate with a sealing member covering the end portion of the recording element substrate including the terminal. The sealing member is in contact with a side surface of the end portion and an end surface of the adhesive layer. The adhesive layer comprises includes a first adhesive portion and a second adhesive portion positioned between the first adhesive portion and the sealing member. Rigidity of the second adhesive portion is less than the rigidity of the sealing member and less than the rigidity of the first adhesive portion.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head including a recording element substrate for ejecting liquid supported by a support member with an adhesive layer provided between the recording element substrate and the support member. A terminal is provided at an end portion of the recording element substrate with a sealing member covering the end portion of the recording element substrate including the terminal. The sealing member is in contact with a side surface of the end portion and an end surface of the adhesive layer. The adhesive layer comprises includes a first adhesive portion and a second adhesive portion positioned between the first adhesive portion and the sealing member. Rigidity of the second adhesive portion is less than the rigidity of the sealing member and less than the rigidity of the first adhesive portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microfluidic device which is molded with a die and has a specimen inlet part. The microfluidic device has the specimen inlet part. The specimen inlet part has an inlet channel for introducing a specimen into the flow channel, wherein the inlet channel has a diameter which continuously and gradually increases as the inlet channel approaches the flow channel, or has a diameter which is constant in the vicinity of an inlet port and then continuously and gradually increases as the inlet channel approaches the flow channel.

Abstract: A microfluidic device includes a resistor. The resistor serves both as a heater configured to heat a fluid flowing inside a flow channel provided in a base and as a sensor configured to measure a temperature of the flow channel. A temperature sensor configured to measure a change in an ambient temperature is arranged in an outer side portion positioned in a longitudinal direction of the resistor. A temperature erroneously determined in a case where the value of resistance of the resistor in an expression 1 is affected by a change in the ambient temperature is corrected in accordance with a change in the ambient temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and the temperature of the region of interest is controlled.

Abstract: To improve temperature distribution of fluid in a flow channel of a microfluidic device in which a resistive element disposed in substrate as that in which the channel is formed is heated to control the temperature in accordance with resistance of the element, provided is a microfluidic device including: a substrate; a flow channel disposed in the substrate for flowing through fluid therein; a first resistive element for primarily heating the fluid; and multiple second resistive elements for supplementarily heating the fluid, the elements being disposed at positions different from position where the first element is disposed. A microfluidic apparatus operating the device stores a relational expression between a temperature of the fluid and resistance of the first element, and a fixed value of a ratio between a heat energy input into the first and second element, and controls the temperature in accordance with the expression and the value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microfluidic device which is molded with a die and has a specimen inlet part. The microfluidic device has the specimen inlet part. The specimen inlet part has an inlet channel for introducing a specimen into the flow channel, wherein the inlet channel has a diameter which continuously and gradually increases as the inlet channel approaches the flow channel, or has a diameter which is constant in the vicinity of an inlet port and then continuously and gradually increases as the inlet channel approaches the flow channel.

Abstract: In an electron beam apparatus including an electron emission element and an anode, the electron emission element includes a gate 5 and a cathode 6 having a projection portion. The gate 5 and the cathode 6 are located in a surface of an insulating member 3 including a recess 7. The projection portion of the cathode 6 has a height distribution, and an average value dav (m) of a shortest distance between the gate 5 and the projection portion of the cathode 6 and a difference h (m) between the average value dav and a shortest distance dmin (m) from the gate 5 to a maximum convex portion of the projection portion of the cathode 6 satisfy a relationship of h/dav<0.39.

Abstract: In an electron beam apparatus including a lamination electron emitting device, it is an object to enhance electron emission efficiency by controlling an electron emission point at which electrons are emitted. In the device, an insulating member and a gate are formed on a substrate, a recess portion is formed in the insulating member, a protruding portion protruding from an edge of the recess portion toward the gate is provided at an end in opposition to the gate, of a cathode 6 arranged on a side surface of the insulating member, and convex portions at a distance of not less than 1 nm and not more than 5 nm from the gate in a width direction of the protruding portion are included in a density of 10% or less in a width direction of the cathode.

Abstract: In an electron beam apparatus including an electron emission element and an anode, the electron emission element includes a gate 5 and a cathode 6 having a projection portion. The gate 5 and the cathode 6 are located in a surface of an insulating member 3 including a recess 7. The projection portion of the cathode 6 has a height distribution, and an average value day (m) of a shortest distance between the gate 5 and the projection portion of the cathode 6 and a difference h (m) between the average value day and a shortest distance dmin (m) from the gate 5 to a maximum convex portion of the projection portion of the cathode 6 satisfy a relationship of h/day<0.39.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus in which a first substrate provided with an electron-emitting device and an image displaying member which electrons emitted from the electron-emitting device irradiate are arranged to be opposed is provided with a deflecting means deflecting the electrons emitted from the electron-emitting device and a trapping unit trapping an inert gas ionized by the electrons. Thereby, the damages of the electron-emitting device by the inert gas are prevented, and the life of an image display apparatus is aimed to be elongated.

Abstract: An image display apparatus has a plurality of display devices and a correction circuit which corrects image data in order to reduce luminance unevenness among the plurality of display devices. The correction circuit has a first storing unit which stores first characteristic data of each of the display devices which represent variation characteristics of luminance with respect to drive time therein, a second storing unit which stores drive time data which represent values correlated with drive time of the display devices and are updated when the display devices are driven, and a calculation unit which calculates correction values corresponding to each of the display devices based on the first characteristic data and the drive time data.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus, by providing an insulating member which covers an electroconductive member existing in a region out of an electron beam emitting region, an unnecessary discharge from the electroconductive member is suppressed and a damage due to the discharge is prevented, thereby realizing a long life of the apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus in which a first substrate provided with an electron-emitting device and an image displaying member which electrons emitted from the electron-emitting device irradiate are arranged to be opposed is provided with a deflecting means deflecting the electrons emitted from the electron-emitting device and a trapping unit trapping an inert gas ionized by the electrons. Thereby, the damages of the electron-emitting device by the inert gas are prevented, and the life of an image display apparatus is aimed to be elongated.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus, by providing an insulating member which covers an electroconductive member existing in a region out of an electron beam emitting region, an unnecessary discharge from the electroconductive member is suppressed and a damage due to the discharge is prevented, thereby realizing a long life of the apparatus.