Abstract: A pattern forming apparatus for forming a pattern by emitting a scanning light onto a plurality of base materials conveyed in a predetermined conveying direction, includes a plurality of emitting units including a first emitting unit and a second emitting unit. The first emitting unit includes a first light source unit to emit a first laser light; a first conveying direction light scanning unit to scan the first laser light in the predetermined conveying direction; a first intersecting direction light scanning unit to scan a scanning light, scanned by the first conveying direction light scanning unit, in an intersecting direction that intersects the predetermined conveying direction. Further, there is a first light emitting unit to emit a first scanning light, scanned by the first intersecting direction light scanning unit, onto a base material among the plurality of base materials.

Abstract: A substrate having a first pattern formed on a surface or in an inside of the substrate, or on the surface and in the inside of the substrate, wherein the first pattern is constituted by an aggregate of second patterns.

Abstract: A medium, a container, an object-holding container, a marking, device, and a method of manufacturing the container. The medium includes an image of design, and the design includes a light color portion and a dark color portion, the light color portion including a light reflecting layer, and the dark color portion including a light attenuation layer The container includes a laser beam source to emit a laser beam, a forming unit to make the laser beam perform marking on a container that has transparency and is colorless or colored, and an adjuster to adjust a marking condition according to information about a to-lie-contained object stored in the container. The method includes irradiating the container with a laser beam to form a light reflecting layer and a light attenuation layer, and the light reflecting layer and the light attenuation layer includes an aggregate of microstructures.

Abstract: A device for applying at least a first energy to a substrate includes a conversion material application unit configured to apply a conversion material for converting a second energy to the first energy to the substrate and an energy application unit configured to apply the second energy to the conversion material applied to the substrate, wherein the second energy corresponds to an amount of heat not less than heat of evaporation of the conversion material.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: An irradiation optical system includes a light source unit and an irradiation unit. The irradiation unit is configured to condense light from the light source unit onto an irradiated surface to irradiate the irradiated surface with the light. In the irradiation unit, a direction of an optical axis is a Z direction, two directions orthogonal to the optical axis and orthogonal to each other are an X direction and a Y direction, and a positive power in the X direction is set to be smaller than a positive power in the Y direction such that a condensing spot on an X-Y plane at a position where the light from the light source unit is condensed has an elliptical shape having the X direction as a major axis.

Abstract: A projection optical system satisfies ?1?15 (deg) and 3<EP/Ym<7. ?1 is a maximum inclination angle of the reflective surface of each of the micromirrors with respect to the line normal to the image display surface; EP is an entrance pupil distance of the projection optical system; and Ym is a maximum distance in a plane from an optical axis to a point on the image display surface, the plane being a plane in which a light ray propagating from a center of the image display surface toward the projection surface through a center of an aperture stop of the projection optical system exists, the optical axis being an axis shared by a largest number of the plurality of lenses of the projection optical system, the point corresponding to an image on the projection surface.

Abstract: A fabricating apparatus is configured to fabricate a three-dimensional object, the apparatus includes a discharging device, a heating device, and control circuitry. The discharging device is configured to discharge a fabrication material to form a fabrication material layer. The heating device is configured to heat the fabrication material layer formed by the discharging device. The control circuitry is configured to control at least one of a heating range of the fabrication material layer heated by the heating device and a heating energy applied to the fabrication material layer by the heating device when the discharging device discharges the fabrication material to laminate another fabrication material layer on the fabrication material layer heated by the heating device.

Abstract: A light source device includes: a light source to emit first color light; a fluorescent member having a first region that includes a fluorescent body to convert at least a part of the first color light into second color light different from the first color light when irradiated with the first color light and a second region to transmit the first color light; a wave plate; a reflecting member to reflect the first color light transmitted through the wave plate; and an optical path separating element provided on an optical path between the light source and the fluorescent member and transmit one of the first color light emitted from the light source and reflected light of the first color light by the reflecting member, and reflect another one.

Abstract: A light source device includes: a light source to emit first color light; a fluorescent member having a first region that includes a fluorescent body to convert at least a part of the first color light into second color light different from the first color light when irradiated with the first color light and a second region to transmit the first color light; a wave plate; a reflecting member to reflect the first color light transmitted through the wave plate; and an optical path separating element provided on an optical path between the light source and the fluorescent member and transmit one of the first color light emitted from the light source and reflected light of the first color light by the reflecting member, and reflect another one.

Abstract: A projection optical system satisfies ?1?15 (deg) and 3<EP/Ym<7. ?1 is a maximum inclination angle of the reflective surface of each of the micromirrors with respect to the line normal to the image display surface; EP is an entrance pupil distance of the projection optical system; and Ym is a maximum distance in a plane from an optical axis to a point on the image display surface, the plane being a plane in which a light ray propagating from a center of the image display surface toward the projection surface through a center of an aperture stop of the projection optical system exists, the optical axis being an axis shared by a largest number of the plurality of lenses of the projection optical system, the point corresponding to an image on the projection surface.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: There is provided a projection optical system capable of projecting an image formed on an image forming unit on a projection plane, which has an extremely short projection distance and a small size.

Abstract: A scanner lens includes a first lens group with a positive refractive power, having a first positive lens and a second negative lens which are cemented, second to fifth lens groups having a third negative lens, a fourth positive lens, a fifth negative lens, and a sixth negative lens, respectively, arranged in order from an object side to an image side, and an aperture stop disposed between the first and second lens groups. The scanner lens satisfies the following three conditions: 0.01<BF/L<0.10 0.50<f1/f<9.5 0.20<d10/f<0.90 where BF is a back focus of the scanner lens, L is a total lens length, f1 is a focal length of e-line of the first lens group, f is a focal length of e-line of the entire lens system and d10 is an air space between the fifth and six lenses.

Abstract: An image-forming lens includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first group having a negative power as a whole, the first group consisting of a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface on the object side and a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface on the object side, the positive meniscus lens and the negative meniscus lens being cemented, an aperture stop, a second group consisting of a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface on the image side, a third group consisting of a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface on the image side, a fourth group consisting of a lens having a negative power, and a fifth group consisting of a biconcave lens.