Abstract: A small-pore zeolite that is modified with phosphorus, is excellent in hydrothermal durability, and has an 8-membered oxygen ring structure. The 8-membered oxygen ring structure is CHA, AEI, and AFX. The small-pore zeolite incudes at least an aluminum element, a silica element, a phosphorus element, wherein the phosphorus element is defined by expression (1), and the small-pore zeolite has an 8-membered oxygen ring structure being of CHA, AEI, or AFX. The phosphorus element that modifies the zeolite is unevenly distributed and richly contained on the surface layer side of the zeolite. A method for producing a phosphorus element-containing zeolite.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for example, a compound represented by formula (1), or a salt thereof: wherein R1 to R4 are each independently an alkyl group.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst for amide compound hydrogenation characterized in that rhodium and molybdenum are supported on hydroxyapatite, the catalyst for amide compound hydrogenation providing a catalyst that can promote a reduction reaction that converts an amide compound into an amine compound, can be used under moderate conditions, and has durability that allows repeated use thereof while retaining high activity. Also provided is a method for producing an amine compound, the method being characterized by including bringing an amide compound into contact with the catalyst for amide compound hydrogenation to cause hydrogenation, thereby producing an amine compound.

Abstract: An aromatic nitro compound has a structure in which a nitro group and a halogen atom, in a separated state, are directly bonded as substituents to the ring structure of the same ring; a reaction composition is provided which, in a hydrogenation reaction of the nitro group of said aromatic nitro compound, allows selectively hydrogenating the nitro group, and sufficiently reducing the separation of the halogen atom from the ring; also provided is a reaction system that uses this reaction composition. This reaction composition includes a catalyst which, with the aforementioned aromatic nitro compound as reactant, is used in a hydrogenation reaction of at least one of the one or more nitro groups of said reactant. Further, the reaction composition includes a base and an organic solvent. The catalyst includes a carrier, and Fe oxide particles and Pt particles supported by the carrier.

Abstract: An aromatic nitro compound has a structure in which a nitro group and a halogen atom, in a separated state, are directly bonded as substituents to the ring structure of the same ring; a reaction composition is provided which, in a hydrogenation reaction of the nitro group of said aromatic nitro compound, allows selectively hydrogenating the nitro group, and sufficiently reducing the separation of the halogen atom from the ring; also provided is a reaction system that uses this reaction composition. This reaction composition includes a solvent, and a catalyst which, with the aforementioned aromatic nitro compound as reactant, is used in a hydrogenation reaction of at least one of the one or more nitro groups of said reactant. The catalyst includes a carrier, and Fe oxide particles and Pt particles supported by the carrier.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst mixture which, in a nitro group hydrogenation reaction of an aromatic nitro compound having a structure in which nitro groups and halogen atoms are directly bonded as substituents to a ring skeleton of the same ring while separated from each other, is capable of selectively hydrogenating the nitro groups and sufficiently reducing the removal of the halogen atoms from the ring. This catalyst mixture includes a catalyst which is used in a hydrogenation reaction of at least one among one or more nitro groups present in a reactant, which is an aromatic nitro compound having a structure in which one or more nitro groups and one or more halogen atoms are directly bonded as substituents to a ring skeleton of the same ring while separated from each other. This catalyst mixture further includes a base.