Abstract: A zoom lens includes, from front to rear, a first lens unit of positive refractive power, a second lens unit of negative refractive power, a third lens unit of positive refractive power and a fourth lens unit of positive refractive power, zooming being performed by moving the second and fourth lens units, and focusing being performed by moving the fourth lens unit, wherein the second lens unit is constructed from three single lenses, i.e., from front to rear, a negative first lens having a strong concave surface facing the image side, a negative second lens of bi-concave form and a positive third lens having a strong convex surface facing the object side.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising, in order from the large conjugate side, a first lens unit of positive refractive power, a second lens unit of negative refractive power and a third lens unit of positive refractive power, wherein when zooming from the shortest focal length to the longest focal length end, the air separations between the first and second lens units and between the second and third lens units increases and decreases monotonously, respectively, the first to third lens units each has at least one aspheric surface, and the following condition is satisfied:.vertline.D.sub.12d /D.sub.23d .vertline.<0.25where D.sub.12d is the amount of variation of the separation between the first and second lens units with zooming, and D.sub.23d is the amount of variation of the separation between the second and third lens units with zooming.

Abstract: A camera apparatus having photographing lenses and an optical low-pass filter for limiting the image information of predetermined spatial frequency components, the filter being disposed at an arbitrary position on the optical axis of the photographing lenses. One of the sides of the optical low-pass filter is formed as a diffraction grating structure having a low pass effect, and the other side is formed in an aspherical shape.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a housing to be mounted on a wall surface in the interior of a room, an air inlet provided at an upper part of the housing, an air outlet provided at a lower part of the housing, an air passage provided in said housing so as to connect the air inlet and said air outlet to each other, a heat exchanging means and an air blowing device disposed in said air passage, and a wind direction plate provided inside an opening of the air outlet in order to change the direction of blowing of thermoregulated air out of the air outlet. An air quantity adjusting plate is provided at an end of the opening of said air outlet in order to change the area of the opening of the air outlet, whereby a sufficient air quantity is obtained regardless of the direction of ventilation of thermoregulated air to thereby perform room air-conditioning efficiently.

Abstract: A zoom lens is disclosed, comprising, from front to rear, a first lens unit of positive refractive power, a second lens unit of negative refractive power, a third lens unit of positive refractive power, a fourth lens unit of positive refractive power and a fifth lens unit of negative refractive power, the second and fourth lens units being moved to effect zooming. The first lens unit is constructed from a negative first lens and a positive second lens.

Abstract: A variable magnification optical system comprises, from front to rear, a lens unit which is stationary during variation of the magnification and during focusing and a portion for varying the magnification. The lens unit comprises a fixed front lens sub-unit and a rear lens sub-unit which is arranged to tilt with its tilting center at a point on the optical axis to correct the image shake. At least one lens surface in the front lens sub-unit is formed to such an aspheric shape that a positive refractive power gets progressively stronger toward a marginal portion thereof. The following conditions are set forth:0.5<.vertline.f1b/L.vertline.<1.20.53<.vertline.f1b/fT.vertline.<0.65where f1b is the focal length of the rear lens sub-unit, L is the distance from a rear principal point of the rear lens sub-unit to the tilting center, and fT is the longest focal length of the entire lens system.

Abstract: A zoom lens of the rear focus type is disclosed, comprising, from front to rear, a first lens unit of positive power, a second lens unit of negative power, a third lens unit of positive power and a fourth lens unit of positive power, zooming being performed by moving the second and fourth lens unit and focusing being performed by moving the fourth lens unit, while the first and third lens units remain stationary. The first lens unit comprises, from front to rear, a negative meniscus lens and a bi-convex lens, and the second lens unit comprises, from front to rear, a bi-concave lens and a positive lens. The first and second lens units each have at least one asphric surface. The zoom lens satisfies the following conditions: ##EQU1## where f.sub.2, f.sub.3 and f.sub.4 are the focal lengths of the second, third and fourth lens units, respectively, and f.sub.W and f.sub.T are the shortest and longest focal lengths of the entire lens system, respectively.

Abstract: There is disclosed a logic simulator including a logic circuit verifying portion (3) that records in a floating information storage portion (4) generation and end times of a floating state with respect to a signal provided from a node specified by a through current verification node data (D3) as a function of a circuit connection data (D2) during the execution of a logic simulation and compares each floating node information (d13) in a floating node information group (D13) accumulated in the floating information storage portion (4) with a through current generation critical; period (D12) after the completion of the logic simulation to perform a through current generation verification, thereby achieving an automatic verification of the presence of an undesired current such as a through current generated in a logic circuit with high accuracy.

Abstract: A zoom lens having four groups and wherein at least one of the four groups is equipped with an index distribution type lens. A first lens group has a positive refracting power; a second group has a negative refracting power; a third lens group has a positive refracting power; and a fourth lens group has a positive refracting power. The first through fourth lens groups are arranged in this order from the object side, and the second group is moved to perform zooming while the fourth lens group is moved to compensate for image plane fluctuation which is incident to the zooming and also to perform focusing.

Abstract: A zoom lens of the rear focus type is disclosed, comprising, in the order from the object side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a fifth lens unit having a negative refractive power, wherein zooming is performed by moving the second and fourth lens units, and focusing is performed by moving the fourth lens unit.

Abstract: An image stabilization apparatus of an inertial pendulum type corrects vibration of an image by a correcting optical device relatively displaceable with respect to a barrel. The apparatus includes a restriction device for generating an operational effect which changes according to a position of the correcting optical device for restricting the relative displacement of the correcting optical device, and a controller for changing the effect of the restriction device in accordance with a focal length or a direction of displacement of the correcting optical device.

Abstract: A zoom lens of the rear focus type of the invention comprises, from an object side, a first lens unit of positive refractive power, a second lens unit of negative refractive power, a third lens unit of positive refractive power and a fourth lens unit of positive refractive power. The second lens unit is moved toward an image side to effect zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, while an image shift resulting from the zooming is compensated for by moving the fourth lens unit, and focusing is performed by moving the fourth lens unit. Letting the focal length of the i-th lens unit be denoted by F.sub.i, the local length of the entire lens system in the telephoto end by F.sub.T, the F-number at full open aperture in the telephoto end by F.sub.

Abstract: A zoom lens of the rear focus type is disclosed, comprising, from front to rear, a first lens group of positive power, a second lens group of negative power, a third lens group of positive power and a fourth lens group of positive power, wherein zooming from the wideangle end to the telephoto end is performed by axially moving the first, second and fourth lens groups in differential relation to one another, and focusing is performed by axially moving the fourth lens group alone.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising, from front to rear, a first group of positive power for focusing, a second group of negative power for varying the image magnification, a third group of negative power for compensating for the image shift, a fourth lens group of positive power in the form of a bi-convex lens whose rear surface is stronger in curvature than the front surface, a stop, and an image forming fifth group, the fifth groug being divided into two parts of which the front part comprises a bi-convex first lens, a negative second lens having a concave front surface and a positive third lens of stronger front curvature and the rear part comprises a negative fourth lens having a concave rear surface, a bi-convex fifth lens and a positive sixth lens of stronger front curvature, and the zoom lens satisfying the following conditions:3.9<f4/fw<4.53.8<f51/fw<4.21.05<R5,2/R5,3<1.21.25<D51-52/fw<1.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising: a first, when counted from an object side hereinafter, lens group having a positive refractive power; a second lens group having a positive refractive power; a third lens group having a positive refractive power; and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power, whereby variation of magnification is performed by moving the second lens group and the fourth lens group, and focusing is performed by moving the fourth lens group, the lens group satisfying the following conditional expressions provided that a focal length of the fourth lens group is f4, a focal length of the entire lens system at a wide-angle end is f.omega., a zoom ratio is z, and an imaging magnification at a telephoto end of the second lens group is .beta.

Abstract: An image-stabilized optical device comprising, from front to rear, a first lens group of negative power, a second lens group of positive power and a rear lens group of positive power for forming an image, wherein the second lens group rotates around a point which is on the optical axis away from its rear principal point rearward by a distance of about .beta.2.multidot.f1/(1-.beta.2) where .beta.2 is the image magnification of the second lens group and f1 is the focal length of the first lens group, and lies within the rear lens group, whereby the image is stabilized against accidental vibrations.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprises, from an object side to an image plane side, a positive first lens unit for focusing, a negative second lens unit as the variator, a negative third lens unit as the compensator, a positive fourth lens unit for producing an almost diverging light beam, and an image forming fifth lens unit. The fifth lens unit includes a bi-convex first lens, a negative second lens having a concave surface facing the object side, a bi-convex third lens having a strong refracting surface facing the object side, a negative fourth lens having a concave surface facing the image plane side, a bi-convex fifth lens having a strong refracting surface facing the image plane side, and a bi-convex sixth lens having a strong refracting surface facing the object side. The zoom lens satisfies the following conditions:1.05<f4/L<1.320.4<.vertline.R5,4/fw.vertline.<30.60<fw/R5,7<0.0761.58<(N5,1+N5,3+N5,5+N5,6)/4<1.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising, from front to rear, a positive first group for focusing, a negative second group as the variator, a negative third group as the compensator, a positive fourth group and a fifth group as the relay lens, the fourth group in the form of a bi-convex singlet and the fifth group in two parts with a widest spacing therebetween, of which the front part comprises a bi-convex first lens, a negative second lens whose front surface is concave toward front, and a positive third lens whose front surface is of strong curvature, and the rear part comprises a negative lens whose rear surface is concave toward rear, a bi-convex lens and a positive lens whose front surface is of strong curvature, satisfying the following conditions:3.9<f4/fw<4.53.7<f5F/fw<5.21.0<R5,2/R5,3<1.61.4<(D5F-D5R)/fw<1.

Abstract: Ready-to-eat dried flakes made from tripe. The flakes are prepared by utilizing the inherent characteristic of the tripe, i.e. its abundant fibrous tissue which renders the tripe stiff and difficult to eat. In accordance with the present invention, a mass of tripe is first boiled or steamed and then soaked in a seasoning-bath containing at least mirin, garlic, ginger, and beef flavoring. After the seasoning treatment, the mass of tripe is smoked for an extended time to obtain a hardened meat product having a water content of 18-30 weight % followed by exfoliating the tripe into thin flakes which are ready to eat as snacks or as toppings.

Abstract: A zoom lens including, from front to rear, a first lens unit of positive power for focusing, a second lens unit of negative power having the function of varying the image magnification, a third lens unit of negative power for compensating for the image shift resulting from the variation of the image magnification, a fourth lens unit of positive power receptive of the diverging light bundle from the first lens unit for producing an almost parallel light bundle, and a fifth lens unit having the function of forming an image on the focal plane, wherein the aperture ratio is increased to 1.4 in F-number, the magnification range is extended to about 10, and high grade imaging performance is preserved.