Abstract: An electromagnetic relay includes a fixed terminal, a movable contact piece, a first contact, and a second contact. The fixed terminal includes a first surface. The movable contact piece includes a second surface disposed to face the first surface. The first contact is embedded in one of the fixed terminal or the movable contact piece to be flush with one of the first surface or the second surface. The second contact is disposed on the other of the fixed terminal or the movable contact piece to face the first contact. The second contact protrudes from the other of the first surface or the second surface toward the first contact and include a contact surface smaller than the first contact when viewed from a direction facing the first contact.

Abstract: A relay includes a movable contact piece having a movable contact, a fixed contact, a drive device configured to move the movable contact piece, a magnet to apply a Lorentz force to an arc in a first extension direction, a fixed terminal having an intermediate portion to apply a Lorentz force to the arc in a second extension direction, and a wall portion. The wall portion includes first and second wall surfaces. The first wall surface is disposed to face an arc-extinguishing space, and is disposed opposite to the movable contact and the fixed contact in the first extension direction. The second wall surface is disposed to face the arc-extinguishing space and is disposed downstream in the second extension direction with respect to the first wall surface. A distance from the movable contact piece to the second wall surface differs from a distance to the first wall surface.

Abstract: A relay includes a fixed contact, a movable contact piece including a movable contact, a movable portion, a coil, a return spring, and a contact spring. The movable portion includes a drive shaft and a movable iron core. The drive shaft is fixed to the movable contact piece in a contact case and extends from an inside of the contact case to an outside of the contact case. The movable iron core is connected to the drive shaft outside the contact case. The return spring urges the movable portion in an open direction in which the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact. The contact spring urges the drive shaft in a contact direction in which the movable contact contacts the fixed contact. The contact spring is arranged outside the contact case.

Abstract: A joined body of a joining base material and a metal layer which, when the metal layer is joined to the base material, adhesion of the metal layer is high, variation in adhesion is small, and the joining can be performed inexpensively. The metal layer is joined to the joining base material via an intermediate layer coating formed on a joint surface of the base material. The intermediate layer coating is fused to the joint surface of the base material, and an anchor forming material that joins the metal layer by an anchor effect is dispersed and embedded in the intermediate layer coating; the anchor forming material partially protrudes outward from the intermediate layer coating, and is fused to the intermediate layer coating; and the metal layer is joined to a surface of the intermediate layer coating and a surface of the anchor forming material protruding outward from the intermediate layer coating.

Abstract: A joined body of a joining base material and a metal layer which, when the metal layer is joined to the base material, adhesion of the metal layer is high, variation in adhesion is small, and the joining can be performed inexpensively. The metal layer is joined to the joining base material via an intermediate layer coating formed on a joint surface of the base material. The intermediate layer coating is fused to the joint surface of the base material, and an anchor forming material that joins the metal layer by an anchor effect is dispersed and embedded in the intermediate layer coating; the anchor forming material partially protrudes outward from the intermediate layer coating, and is fused to the intermediate layer coating; and the metal layer is joined to a surface of the intermediate layer coating and a surface of the anchor forming material protruding outward from the intermediate layer coating.

Abstract: The present invention is a carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which has a three-dimensional dendritic structure, and simultaneously satisfies the following (A), (B), and (C). (A) By a laser Raman spectroscopic analysis with a wavelength of 532 nm, a standard deviation ?(R) of an intensity ratio (R value) of an intensity of a D-band (near 1360 cm?1) to an intensity of a G-band (near 1580 cm?1) measured with a beam diameter of 1 ?m at 50 measurement points is from 0.01 to 0.07. (B) A BET specific surface area SBET is from 400 to 1520 m2/g. (C) A nitrogen gas adsorption amount VN:0.4-0.8 during a relative pressure (p/p0) from 0.4 to 0.8 is from 100 to 300 cc(STP)/g. A method of producing such a carbon material for a catalyst carrier is also included.

Abstract: Provided is an alumina-based composite oxide having a large initial specific surface area and a small initial mean pore size, with excellent heat resistance of the specific surface area and pore volume; and a production method therefor. Specifically, provided is an alumina-based composite oxide wherein the initial crystallite diameter is 10 nm or less and the initial specific surface area is 80 m2/ml or more; after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the specific surface area is 10 m2/ml or more; the initial mean pore size is 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less; and after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the pore volume retention rate is 10% or more, which is determined by (P1/P0)×100 wherein P0 represents an initial pore volume (ml/g), and P1 represents a pore volume (ml/g) after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air.

Abstract: Provided is an alumina-based composite oxide having a large initial specific surface area and a small initial mean pore size, with excellent heat resistance of the specific surface area and pore volume; and a production method therefor. Specifically, provided is an alumina-based composite oxide wherein the initial crystallite diameter is 10 nm or less and the initial specific surface area is 80 m2/ml or more; after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the specific surface area is 10 m2/ml or more; the initial mean pore size is 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less; and after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the pore volume retention rate is 10% or more, which is determined by (P1/P0)×100 wherein P0 represents an initial pore volume (ml/g), and P1 represents a pore volume (ml/g) after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air.

Abstract: Provided are a carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the carbon material being a porous carbon material and simultaneously satisfying (1) an intensity ratio (I750/Ipeak) of an intensity at 750° C. (I750) and a peak intensity in a vicinity of 690° C. (Ipeak), in a derivative thermogravimetric curve (DTG) obtained by a thermogravimetric analysis when a temperature is raised at a rate of 10° C./min under an air atmosphere, is 0.10 or less; (2) a BET specific surface area, determined by BET analysis of a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm, is from 400 to 1,500 m2/g; (3) an integrated pore volume V2-10 of a pore diameter of from 2 to 10 nm, determined by analysis of the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using Dollimore-Heal method, is from 0.4 to 1.5 mL/g; and (4) a nitrogen gas adsorption amount Vmacro at a relative pressure of from 0.95 to 0.99 in the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm is from 300 to 1,200 cc(STP)/g, as well as a method of producing the same.

Abstract: A carbon material for catalyst carrier use excellent in both durability and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, in particular both durability of a carbon material for catalyst carrier use with respect to repeated load fluctuations due to startup and shutdown and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, and a catalyst for solid-polymer fuel cell use prepared using the same etc. are provided. To solve this technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbon material for catalyst carrier use satisfying the following (A) to (D): (A) an oxygen content OICP of 0.1 to 3.0 mass % contained in the carbon material for catalyst carrier use; (B) a residual amount of oxygen O1200° C. of 0.1 to 1.5 mass % remaining after heat treatment in an inert gas (or vacuum) atmosphere at 1200° C.

Abstract: Provided is an alumina-based composite oxide having a large initial specific surface area and a small initial mean pore size, with excellent heat resistance of the specific surface area and pore volume; and a production method therefor. Specifically, provided is an alumina-based composite oxide wherein the initial crystallite diameter is 10 nm or less and the initial specific surface area is 80 m2/ml or more; after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the specific surface area is 10 m2/ml or more; the initial mean pore size is 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less; and after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the pore volume retention rate is 10% or more, which is determined by (P1/P0)×100 wherein P0 represents an initial pore volume (ml/g), and P1 represents a pore volume (ml/g) after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air.

Abstract: A carbon material for use as a catalyst carrier for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which is a porous carbon material and satisfies at the same time (1) the content of a crystallized material is 1.6 or less, (2) the BET specific surface area obtained by a BET analysis of a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm is from 400 to 1500 m2/g, (3) the cumulative pore volume V2-10 with respect to a pore diameter of from 2 to 10 nm obtained by an analysis of a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using the Dollimore-Heal method is from 0.4 to 1.5 mL/g, and (4) the nitrogen gas adsorption amount Vmacro between a relative pressure of 0.95 and 0.99 in a nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm is from 300 to 1200 cc(STP)/g, and the method of producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention is a carbon material for a catalyst carrier of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which has a three-dimensional dendritic structure, and simultaneously satisfies the following (A), (B), and (C). (A) By a laser Raman spectroscopic analysis with a wavelength of 532 nm, a standard deviation ?(R) of an intensity ratio (R value) of an intensity of a D-band (near 1360 cm?1) to an intensity of a G-band (near 1580 cm?1) measured with a beam diameter of 1 ?m at 50 measurement points is from 0.01 to 0.07. (B) A BET specific surface area SBET is from 400 to 1520 m2/g. (C) A nitrogen gas adsorption amount VN:0.4-0.8 during a relative pressure (p/p0) from 0.4 to 0.8 is from 100 to 300 cc(STP)/g. A method of producing such a carbon material for a catalyst carrier is also included.

Abstract: A support carbon material able to support a catalyst metal in a highly dispersed state and resistant to the flooding phenomenon and with little voltage drop even at the time of large current power generation under high humidity conditions and a catalyst using the same, specifically, a support carbon material for solid polymer type fuel cell use comprised of a porous carbon material which has a pore volume and a pore area found by the BJH analysis method from a nitrogen adsorption isotherm in an adsorption process of a radius 2 nm to 50 nm pore volume VA of 1 ml/g to 5 ml/g and a radius 2 nm to 50 nm pore area S2-50 of 300 m2/g to 1500 m2/g and a ratio (V5-25/VA) of radius 5 nm to 25 nm pore volume V5-25 (ml/g) to said pore volume VA (ml/g) of 0.4 to 0.7 and a ratio (V2-5/VA) of radius 2 nm to 5 nm pore volume V2-5 (ml/g) to the same of 0.2 to 0.5 and a catalyst using the same.

Abstract: Provided are: a supporting carbon material for a solid polymer fuel cell, said supporting carbon material making it possible to produce a high-performance solid polymer fuel cell in which there is little decrease in power generation performance as a result of repeated battery load fluctuation that inevitably occurs during operation of the solid polymer fuel cell; and a catalyst metal particle-supporting carbon material. The present invention relates to: a supporting carbon material for a solid polymer fuel cell, said supporting carbon material being a porous carbon material in which the specific surface area of mesopores having a pore diameter of 2-50 nm according to nitrogen adsorption measurement is 600-1,600 m2/g, the relative intensity ratio (IG?/IG) of the peak intensity (IG?) of the G-band 2,650-2,700 cm?1 range to the peak intensity (IG) of the G-band 1,550-1,650 cm?1 range in the Raman spectrum is 0.8-2.

Abstract: Provided are an organic semiconductor material having a high charge mobility, oxidation stability, and solvent solubility, an organic semiconductor device using the same, and a novel aromatic heterocyclic compound to be used for the same and a production method therefor. The aromatic heterocyclic compound is represented by the following general formula (1), has two heteroatoms, and has a structure in which six rings are fused. In the formula, X represents an oxygen atom or N—R, and R represents hydrogen or a monovalent substituent. The organic semiconductor material contains the aromatic heterocyclic compound, and is used for an organic semiconductor film or an organic device, such as an organic thin-film transistor or an organic photovoltaic device.

Abstract: Provided are a supporting carbon material for a solid polymer fuel cell and a metal-catalyst-particle-supporting carbon material that, when used as a carrier for a solid polymer fuel cell catalyst, have excellent power generation performance in high-humidity conditions, which are conditions in which solid polymer fuel cells are operated. A supporting carbon material for a solid polymer fuel cell and a metal-catalyst-particle-supporting carbon material characterized in being a porous carbon material, the hydrogen content being 0.004-0.010% by mass, the nitrogen adsorption BET specific surface area being 600 m2/g-1500 m2/g, and the relative intensity ratio (ID/IG) between the peak intensity (ID) in the range of 1200-1400 cm?1 known as the D-band and the peak intensity (IG) in the range of 1500-1700 cm?1 known as the G-band, obtained from the Raman spectrum, being 1.0-2.0.

Abstract: Provided is a cerium-zirconium-based composite oxide having an excellent OSC, high catalytic activity, and excellent heat resistance, and also provided is a method for producing the same. The cerium-zirconium-based composite oxide comprises cerium, zirconium, and a third element other than these elements. The third element is (a) a transition metal element or (b) at least one or more elements selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements and alkaline earth metal elements. After a heat treatment at 1,000° C. to 1,100° C. for 3 hours, (1) the composite oxide has a crystal structure containing a pyrochlore phase, (2) a value of {I111/(I111+I222)}×100 is 1 or more, and (3) the composite oxide has an oxygen storage capacity at 600° C. of 0.05 mmol/g or more, and an oxygen storage capacity at 750° C. of 0.3 mmol/g or more.

Abstract: A support carbon material able to support a catalyst metal in a highly dispersed state and resistant to the flooding phenomenon and with little voltage drop even at the time of large current power generation under high humidity conditions and a catalyst using the same, specifically, a support carbon material for solid polymer type fuel cell use comprised of a porous carbon material which has a pore volume and a pore area found by the BJH analysis method from a nitrogen adsorption isotherm in an adsorption process of a radius 2 nm to 50 nm pore volume VA of 1 ml/g to 5 ml/g and a radius 2 nm to 50 nm pore area S2-50 of 300 m2/g to 1500 m2/g and a ratio (V5-25/VA) of radius 5 nm to 25 nm pore volume V5-25 (ml/g) to said pore volume VA (ml/g) of 0.4 to 0.7 and a ratio (V2-5/VA) of radius 2 nm to 5 nm pore volume V2-5 (ml/g) to the same of 0.2 to 0.5 and a catalyst using the same.

Abstract: A carbon material for catalyst carrier use excellent in both durability and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, in particular both durability of a carbon material for catalyst carrier use with respect to repeated load fluctuations due to startup and shutdown and power generation performance under operating conditions at the time of low humidity, and a catalyst for solid-polymer fuel cell use prepared using the same etc. are provided. To solve this technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbon material for catalyst carrier use satisfying the following (A) to (D): (A) an oxygen content OICP of 0.1 to 3.0 mass % contained in the carbon material for catalyst carrier use; (B) a residual amount of oxygen O1200° C. of 0.1 to 1.5 mass % remaining after heat treatment in an inert gas (or vacuum) atmosphere at 1200° C.