Abstract: A control system includes at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one processor is configured to determine operation data by repeating a process of calculating control target data indicating a predicted value of a control target in a plant and the operation data indicating an operation value of a control device of the plant by a given calculation model based on observation data indicating an actual value of the plant.

Abstract: A training device includes at least one memory and at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to train a model, which is related to a measured variable of a control object under, a constraint corresponding to a relationship between a change in a value of time series data as input data and a change in a value of time series data as ground truth data.

Abstract: A dental refractory model material comprises as powdery components 5 to 20% by weight of a soluble phosphate, 5 to 20% by weight of magnesium oxide and 10 to 50% by weight of at least one selected from the group of alumina, zirconia, fused quartz, mullite, spinel and cordierite with the balance being crystalline quartz and crystobalite. The refractory model material also includes a liquid component such as a colloidal silica dispersion.

Abstract: A pallet for handling water-permeable dental porcelain materials comprises a porous ceramic material formed of one or two or more selected from the group consisting of materials based on alumina, aluminium silicate, mullite, cordierite, zirconia and vitreous china and having a grain size of 1.0 to 30.0 .mu.m and a mean grain size of 1.5 to 25.0 .mu.m. The porous ceramic material having fine and even pores uniformly dispersed therethrough, as expressed in terms of a porosity of 15 to 65% and a mean pore size of 0.5 to 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: A four high mill of a paired-roll-crossing type comprises upper and lower equalizer beams held in contact, respectively, with the uppermost and lowermost surfaces of upper and lower backup roll bearing cases and made movable upwardly and downwardly within a housing, roll-crossing devices mounted in the housing to turn the bearing cases that contain upper and lower work chocks about a common vertical axis on the same horizontal plane so that upper and lower pairs of rolls can cross each other, and devices for separately setting the left and right roll gaps between upper and lower work rolls. The mill further comprises work roll-bending devices mounted at both ends of the work rolls.