Abstract: A brush cleaning apparatus which includes at least one brush cleaning means having a pair of rotary brushes that are arranged in parallel one above the other. Disk-shaped objects are transported one at a time between the brushes so as to be cleaned thereby. A stopper is provided in front of the disk-shaped objects. The stopper selectively blocks movement of the disk-shaped objects and releases the disk-shaped objects for controlled movement of the disk-shaped objects through the cleaning apparatus.

Abstract: An image reproduction apparatus which converts a sampling frequency from a first frequency to a second frequency, performs interfield interpolation at a third frequency, and converts the sampling frequency from the third frequency to the first frequency, wherein the interfield-interpolation is performed at the first frequency between signals one field apart from each other. The apparatus also converts a number of vertical scanning lines to convert a high definition TV signal of the MUSE format to a signal of NTSC format, sets a scanning period used in the vertical scanning line conversion, and generates a coefficient used in the vertical scanning line conversion.

Abstract: A method of making a semiconductor device wherein fluctuations of an effective length of the conduction area and placement thereof relative to source and drain regions is controlled during manufacture. A first insulation film is formed on a semiconductor substrate. A first thin film is formed on the first insulation film. A trench is formed below a surface of the substrate by etching said first thin film, first insulation film, and semiconductor substrate. A second insulation film is formed along an inside wall of the trench. A first electrically conductive film is formed along an inside wall of the second insulation film within the trench and an embedded electrode is formed within a space defined by said first electrically conductive film.

Abstract: In a vibration wave driven motor, when the radius of the arcuate portions and the length of the straight portions of a track type resilient member of an elliptical shape having straight portions and arcuate portions are (R) and (L), respectively, the ratio (R/L) is made equal to or greater than a particular value, whereby the resonance frequencies of two standing waves can be made coincident with each other and the torsion component of the straight portions can be reduced or the direction of the torsion can be made uniform with a result that the driving characteristic in the straight portions can be improved and also the electrode pattern of a piezo-electric element can be simplified.

Abstract: The present invention writes intrinsic information such as the current time, etc. to both a memory and a storage medium when an exchangeable storage medium inserted in a drive device is mounted to a system. If the storage medium is removed from the drive device when the storage medium is being I/O accessed, then the execution of the present and the succeeding I/O requests is suspended. Then, if a storage medium is inserted in the drive device, then it is checked whether or not the intrinsic information stored in the memory has been written to the storage medium. Only when the information has been written to the storage medium, the suspended request for the storage medium is resumed. Accordingly, even if a storage medium has been erroneously removed from the drive device, all I/O requests are surely executed without being lost if the erroneously removed medium is inserted again. Furthermore, the data in a replacing storage medium won't be erroneously lost, either.

Abstract: A microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus for forming a functional deposited film on a plurality of Substrates which includes a substantially enclosed film-forming chamber comprising an outer wall having an end portion thereof provided with a microwave introducing window to which a waveguide extending from a microwave power source is connected, The film-forming chamber has a cylindrical discharge space encircled by a plurality of rotatable cylindrical substrate holders. Each of the cylindrical substrate holders has a substrate thereon. The cylindrical substrate holders are concentrically arranged in the film-forming chamber. The film forming chamber is provided with means for evacuating the film-forming chamber and means for supplying a raw material gas into the discharge space. The means for supplying the raw material gas comprises one or more gas feed pipes provided with a plurality of gas liberation holes capable of supplying a raw material gas radiately against each of the substrates.

Abstract: A water-dispersible oil composition for hot rolling aluminum or aluminum alloys having excellent lubricity and emulsion stability and which minimizes heat deterioration over prolonged periods of time contains the following components (a) to (d): (a) a mineral oil, (b) 3 to 30% by weight of a fatty acid or its monoesters, or oils and fats, (c) 0.5 to 10% by weight of a C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 alkyl or alkenyl phosphoric (or phosphorous) acid ester, and (d) 0.1 to 10% by weight of a salt between a polymer and an organic acid salt, wherein the polymer has an average molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,000,000 and is a copolymer of a monomer represented by formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H or Me, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, m is an integer of 0 or 1, and n is an integer of 1, 2 or 3, and (meth) acrylamide and/or a (meth) acrylic acid salt. Rolled aluminum or aluminum alloy products having excellent surface quality can be obtained using this composition.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a rotating anode type X-ray tube, in the step of checking the rotational balance of a rotary structure to which an anode target is fixed and correcting the rotational balance as required, the rotary structure is fitted on a stationary support jig which sprays a high-pressure gas from its interior, in place of a columnar stationary structure, to set the rotary structure upright. The rotary structure is rotated at a high speed while spraying the high-pressure gas, and the rotational balance of the rotary structure is checked. The rotational balance of a rotating unit can be checked in the air easily and at high precision, and can be adjusted directly in the outer air as required.

Abstract: A rotating laser apparatus having a reciprocating laser scanning system which facilitates visual recognition of a laser beam on an object to be measured by raising an effective energy level on the object. In the apparatus the laser beam is rotated by a rotation device. The reciprocating laser scanning system includes reflection members for reflecting the laser beam, a laser beam detector for detecting a return laser beam reflected from the reflection members, and a microcomputer for controlling a rotation of the rotation device in accordance with the output of the laser beam detector.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a method for preparing electrically-conductive needle-like zinc oxide which comprises the steps of preparing a vapor mixture by admixing zinc vapor and vapor of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dopant-forming compounds having boiling points of not more than the boiling point of zinc and free of oxygen atom in an amount of 0.005 to 5 parts by weight, as expressed in terms of the oxide of the dopant-forming metal, per 100 parts by weight of the zinc vapor as expressed in terms of zinc oxide; and passing the vapor mixture through an oxidation chamber while blowing an oxidizing gas into the vapor mixture through at least two nozzles spaced apart from one another and arranged along the flow path of the vapor mixture to thus stepwise oxidize the vapor mixture.

Abstract: A rotary anode type X-ray tube comprises a thin gas passageway extending from a lubricant chamber formed along the axis of a stationary structure and open at a fine gap G effective for preventing a lubricant leakage. In manufacturing the tube, a liquid metal lubricant is supplied to the lubricant chamber and to a slide bearing section, followed by assembling the tube and, then, sealing the assembled tube in a vacuum vessel. In the subsequent exhausting step, an open end of the gas passageway is allowed to face upward. The particular exhausting operation permits completely releasing to the outside the gas impregnated in the bearing-constituting members and the liquid metal lubricant, making it possible to maintain a stable bearing function.

Abstract: A cap is fixed to a cylindrical neck of a vessel and is provided with a pilfer-proof packaging mechanism that can definitely verify whether the cap has been opened. The cap includes a resin cap body formed in a cylindrical shape with a top and a resin pilfer-proof ring that is fixed to a bottom portion of the cap body so as to be exposed from the cap body. The pilfer-proof ring is cut at a portion to be a spiral-like strip once the cap has been opened.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device for gradational display, comprising: a pair of substrates each provided with an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer comprising a chiral smectic liquid crystal disposed between the substrates; the pair of substrates each having thereon alignment control layer provided with a uniaxial alignment axis, wherein aid liquid crystal layer comprises a striped region and a non-striped region where (1) the striped region and the non-striped region each assume a homogeneous alignment state, (2) the striped region extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the uniaxial alignment axis, and (3) each of liquid crystal molecules within the striped region and the non-striped region show bistability; and the liquid crystal molecules within the striped region have a threshold voltage, for switching between two stable states, different from that given by the liquid crystal molecules within the on-striped region.

Abstract: An active matrix panel including a matrix of driving electrodes couples through thin film transistor switches to a corresponding source line and gate line and at least one of a driver circuit including complementary thin film transistors for driving the source and/or gate lines of the picture elements on the substrate. The thin film transistors of the active matrix have the same cross-sectional structure as the P-type or the N-type thin film transistors forming the driver circuit and are formed during the same patterning process.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus for simultaneously recording plural image lines on a recording medium by scanning simultaneously with plural light beams along parallel scanning lines in a primary scanning direction, two light beam detectors each having a starting-side are arranged in such a way that the starting-sides are not in parallel to each other so that the distance between the starting-sides differs depending on the scanning line. The difference in the distances of two light beams is measured, and the deviation between the two light beams is determined on the basis of the difference in the distances.

Abstract: An optical information handling device in which reflectivity of the conventional reproduction-only type optical disk is lowered to 60% or less and is made equal to the reflectivity of write-once type and rewritable type optical disks, whereby interchangeability in these of these disks is possible.

Abstract: A direct memory access control device is used in a multiprocessor system having a plurality of digital data processors and an external common memory connected in common to those digital data processors through a first bus. In the case of transferring data in a direct memory access mode between processors, the transfer of data between the processors is effected by the control device through a second data bus provided in common to the plurality of digital data processors separately from the first bus. Thus, data can be transferred directly in a direct memory access mode between the processors without using the external memory and high-speed transfer can be realized. In addition, the control device comprises registers for storing the status bits of each digital data processor, such as direct memory access request and acceptance signals, corresponding to each digital data processor. Request and acceptance of direct memory access and transfer of data are effected by monitoring the contents of those registers.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical compensatory sheet which comprises a transparent support and an optically anisotropic layer provided thereon, wherein the optically anisotropic layer comprises a compound having a discotic structure unit in its molecule and has negative birefringence, and the discotic structure unit has a plane inclined from a plane of the transparent support at an angle varying along a direction of depth of the anisotropic layer. A liquid crystal display and a color liquid crystal display provided with the optical compensatory sheet are also disclosed.

Abstract: A two-color separating circuit separates an input image signal into two color signals R and K. In conformity with a color signal indicating the maximum value of the separated color signals, a color-mixture correcting circuit corrects the other color signal. The density of the color pixel formed by the corrected color signal is predicted, and the difference between the result of prediction and the color signal before correction is distributed among pixels of the same color surrounding this pixel. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an image processing apparatus for supplying an image forming apparatus, which collectively forms images of two colors, with an image signal subjected to processing capable of performing excellent color mixing without lowering the density of whichever of the two color-component images is formed last.

Abstract: A closed-type compressor comprises a closed casing, an electric motor accommodated in the closed casing and comprising a stator and a rotor, and a compressing machine operatively connected to the motor to be driven thereby. The closed casing comprises a cylindrical body case portion and cover case portions for covering two-side opening portions of the body case portion so as to provide a three-piece structure and a wall thickness of the body case portion is made to be thicker than that of each of the cover case portions. The stator is provided with a stator core and secured in the closed casing in a state where the stator core is stacked and an axial length of the stator is made to be longer than a radius of the stator core. The closed-type compressor of the character described above is applicable to a refrigerating unit, refrigerator or air conditioner.