Abstract: An air knife for discharging a stream of gas onto a sheet of material. The air knife includes a main body including an inlet portion and an outlet portion, and a plurality of inlet ports. The inlet portion defines a plenum. The outlet portion defines an exit orifice in fluid communication with the plenum. The inlet ports project from the inlet portion and each inlet port comprises a passageway in fluid communication with the plenum. In some embodiments, the inlet ports project from a rear, or trailing, wall of the main body. In other embodiments, the outlet portion terminates at an exit face in which the exit orifice is formed, with a tip region of the outlet portion forming a taper angle of not more than 90 degrees in extension to the exit face.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a liquid ejecting section that includes a nozzle that ejects a liquid; a supplying path that is capable of supplying the liquid accommodated in a liquid accommodating section to the liquid ejecting section; a pressure adjusting valve that is disposed in the supplying path, and includes a pressure chamber which is capable of storing the liquid, the pressure chamber being is provided with an outlet that draws out the stored liquid to the liquid ejecting section, and when a pressure in the internal portion of the pressure chamber decrease, the pressure adjusting valve being opened to adjust a pressure of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejecting section; a discharging path that connects to a communicating port which communicates with the pressure chamber in a separate position different from a position of the outlet; and a switching valve that is provided in the discharging path.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a liquid ejecting section that includes a nozzle that ejects a liquid; a supplying path that is capable of supplying the liquid accommodated in a liquid accommodating section to the liquid ejecting section; a pressure adjusting valve that is disposed in the supplying path, and includes a pressure chamber which is capable of storing the liquid, the pressure chamber being is provided with an outlet that draws out the stored liquid to the liquid ejecting section, and when a pressure in the internal portion of the pressure chamber decrease, the pressure adjusting valve being opened to adjust a pressure of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejecting section; a discharging path that connects to a communicating port which communicates with the pressure chamber in a separate position different from a position of the outlet; and a switching valve that is provided in the discharging path.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a liquid ejecting section that includes a nozzle that ejects a liquid; a supplying path that is capable of supplying the liquid accommodated in a liquid accommodating section to the liquid ejecting section; a pressure adjusting valve that is disposed in the supplying path, and includes a pressure chamber which is capable of storing the liquid, the pressure chamber being is provided with an outlet that draws out the stored liquid to the liquid ejecting section, and when a pressure in the internal portion of the pressure chamber decrease, the pressure adjusting valve being opened to adjust a pressure of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejecting section; a discharging path that connects to a communicating port which communicates with the pressure chamber in a separate position different from a position of the outlet; and a switching valve that is provided in the discharging path.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a liquid ejecting section that includes a nozzle that ejects a liquid; a supplying path that is capable of supplying the liquid accommodated in a liquid accommodating section to the liquid ejecting section; a pressure adjusting valve that is disposed in the supplying path, and includes a pressure chamber which is capable of storing the liquid, the pressure chamber being is provided with an outlet that draws out the stored liquid to the liquid ejecting section, and when a pressure in the internal portion of the pressure chamber decrease, the pressure adjusting valve being opened to adjust a pressure of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejecting section; a discharging path that connects to a communicating port which communicates with the pressure chamber in a separate position different from a position of the outlet; and a switching valve that is provided in the discharging path.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a liquid ejecting section that includes a nozzle that ejects a liquid; a supplying path that is capable of supplying the liquid accommodated in a liquid accommodating section to the liquid ejecting section; a pressure adjusting valve that is disposed in the supplying path, and includes a pressure chamber which is capable of storing the liquid, the pressure chamber being is provided with an outlet that draws out the stored liquid to the liquid ejecting section, and when a pressure in the internal portion of the pressure chamber decrease, the pressure adjusting valve being opened to adjust a pressure of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejecting section; a discharging path that connects to a communicating port which communicates with the pressure chamber in a separate position different from a position of the outlet; and a switching valve that is provided in the discharging path.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a liquid ejecting section that includes a nozzle that ejects a liquid; a supplying path that is capable of supplying the liquid accommodated in a liquid accommodating section to the liquid ejecting section; a pressure adjusting valve that is disposed in the supplying path, and includes a pressure chamber which is capable of storing the liquid, the pressure chamber being is provided with an outlet that draws out the stored liquid to the liquid ejecting section, and when a pressure in the internal portion of the pressure chamber decrease, the pressure adjusting valve being opened to adjust a pressure of the liquid supplied to the liquid ejecting section; a discharging path that connects to a communicating port which communicates with the pressure chamber in a separate position different from a position of the outlet; and a switching valve that is provided in the discharging path.

Abstract: In sputter etching to improve the adhesion between upper electrodes and lead electrodes, the sputter etching of surfaces of the upper electrodes under an Ar gas flow at a flow rate of 60 sccm or more can reduce the residence time of Ar ions on the surfaces of the upper electrodes because of the Ar gas flow. This can prevent the charging of the upper electrodes due to the buildup of ionized Ar gas on the surfaces, reduce the influence of charging on piezoelectric elements, and provide a method for manufacturing a piezoelectric actuator that includes the piezoelectric elements each including a piezoelectric layer having small variations in hysteresis characteristics and deformation characteristics.

Abstract: In sputter etching to improve the adhesion between upper electrodes and lead electrodes, the sputter etching of surfaces of the upper electrodes under an Ar gas flow at a flow rate of 60 sccm or more can reduce the residence time of Ar ions on the surfaces of the upper electrodes because of the Ar gas flow. This can prevent the charging of the upper electrodes due to the buildup of ionized Ar gas on the surfaces, reduce the influence of charging on piezoelectric elements, and provide a method for manufacturing a piezoelectric actuator that includes the piezoelectric elements each including a piezoelectric layer having small variations in hysteresis characteristics and deformation characteristics.

Abstract: An actuator device includes a piezoelectric element configured to include a lower electrode provided on a surface side of a substrate, a piezoelectric layer provided on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode provided on the piezoelectric layer. The lower electrode contains a precious metal. When a cross-section of the lower electrode is examined in the thickness direction using secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), a ratio Z1/Z2 between the intensity Z1 of oxygen ions and the intensity Z2 of ions of a precious metal detected at the surface of the lower electrode facing the substrate is 0.2 or more.

Abstract: A composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, comprising at least a colloidal solution containing metals serving as materials constituting a ferroelectric thin film, the colloidal solution having an average colloidal particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, and obtaining a particle size distribution having two or more peaks; a ferroelectric thin film formed from the composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, and a liquid-jet head equipped with a piezoelectric element having the ferroelectric thin film.

Abstract: While a piezoelectric element is being formed by sequentially laminating a lower electrode whose uppermost layer is made of iridium, a titanium layer, a piezoelectric layer and an upper electrode to each other on a substrate, the piezoelectric layer is formed, by an MOD method, on the titanium layer with an contact angle of water to the surface thereof which is no less than 40°.

Abstract: A composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, comprising at least a colloidal solution containing metals serving as materials constituting a ferroelectric thin film, the colloidal solution having an average colloidal particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, and obtaining a particle size distribution having two or more peaks; a ferroelectric thin film formed from the composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, and a liquid-jet head equipped with a piezoelectric element having the ferroelectric thin film.

Abstract: A composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, comprising at least a colloidal solution containing metals serving as materials constituting a ferroelectric thin film, the colloidal solution having an average colloidal particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, and obtaining a particle size distribution having two or more peaks; a ferroelectric thin film formed from the composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, and a liquid-jet head equipped with a piezoelectric element having the ferroelectric thin film.

Abstract: An actuator device includes a piezoelectric element configured to include a lower electrode provided on a surface side of a substrate, a piezoelectric layer provided on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode provided on the piezoelectric layer. The lower electrode contains a precious metal. When a cross-section of the lower electrode is examined in the thickness direction using secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) , a ratio Z1 /Z2 between the intensity Z1 of oxygen ions and the intensity Z2 of ions of a precious metal detected at the surface of the lower electrode facing the substrate is 0.2 or more.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor memory device for use within an integrated USB memory apparatus has a controller, a flash memory in communication with the controller, a USB interface circuit in communication with the memory controller, and an integrated circuit package for maintaining at least one of the controller, the flash memory, and the USB interface within the physical dimensions of a USB connector of the USB memory apparatus.

Abstract: While a piezoelectric element is being formed by sequentially laminating a lower electrode whose uppermost layer is made of iridium, a titanium layer, a piezoelectric layer and an upper electrode to each other on a substrate, the piezoelectric layer is formed, by an MOD method, on the titanium layer with an contact angle of water to the surface thereof which is no less than 40°.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor memory device for use within an integrated USB memory apparatus has a controller, a flash memory in communication with the controller, a USB interface circuit in communication with the memory controller, and an integrated circuit package for maintaining at least one of the controller, the flash memory, and the USB interface within the physical dimensions of a USB connector of the USB memory apparatus.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor memory device for use within an integrated USB memory apparatus has a controller, a flash memory in communication with the controller, a USB interface circuit in communication with the memory controller, and an integrated circuit package for maintaining at least one of the controller, the flash memory, and the USB interface within the physical dimensions of a USB connector of the USB memory apparatus.

Abstract: A composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, comprising at least a colloidal solution containing metals serving as materials constituting a ferroelectric thin film, the colloidal solution having an average colloidal particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, and obtaining a particle size distribution having two or more peaks; a ferroelectric thin film formed from the composition for ferroelectric thin film formation, and a liquid-jet head equipped with a piezoelectric element having the ferroelectric thin film.