Abstract: A plurality of double-faced originals in a series of pages are stacked on a tray with a first page faced upward. An original transport mechanism is arranged to transport a first sheet of original fed by a feed roller to an exposure position through an intermediate waiting position on a platen glass for image exposure of a first page. Then, the original transport mechanism forwards the first sheet of original to a reverse/discharge roller provided downstream side of a transport belt to invert the surface and reverse side of the original. Thereafter, the original is returned to the intermediate waiting position by the transport belt.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus maintaining the fixing temperature at a fixed level, by detecting the surface temperature of a heating roller provided internally with a heater in a fixing unit, and by controlling an on-time which starts upon the surface temperature reaching a predetermined temperature and ends when the heater is switched on and an off-time which starts upon the surface temperature reaching the predetermined temperature and ends when the heater is switched off. The on-time and off-time data are stored in a memory corresponding to use conditions such as ambient temperature and the type of paper to be used. Initially, an image fixing operation is executed in accordance with the data prestored in the memory, and transition of the surface temperature of the heating roller is detected which results from the image fixing operation. Data concerning new on-time and off-time are calculated on the basis of the detection result, and the calculation result is used as feedback for a next image fixing operation.

Abstract: An electrical apparatus (e.g., copying apparatus) equipped with a counter for counting the number of specific cycles. Allowance or prevention of an operation cycle is controlled in accordance with voltage changes at a predetermined position of the controlling circuitry supplying a driving voltage to the counter. A specific operation of the electrical apparatus is enabled by connection of counter.