Abstract: In an outboard engine, a support member for supporting a drive shaft and an exhaust pipe within an extension case can be cooled by outside water pumped by utilizing the exhaust pressure from the engine. The inside of the extension case is divided, by the support member for supporting the drive shaft and the exhaust pipe, into an upper chamber communicating with the open air, and a lower chamber into which outside water is introduced, so that the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe is discharged into the lower chamber. Both the upper and lower chambers are in communication with each other through a communication pipe. Thus, during operation of the engine, the support member and the depending members are cooled by the outside water forced up from the lower chamber through the communication pipe into the upper chamber.

Abstract: A lookup table device is provided which converts a digital input signal into a digital output signal previously defined with respect to the digital input signal. The lookup table device has a delimiter information storage unit 10 for storing delimiter information representing a delimiter in a section of the digital input signal corresponding to the digital output signal, a section deriving unit 12 for deriving a section to which a digital input signal belongs, based on the delimiter information stored in the delimiter information storage unit, when the digital input signal is inputted into the lookup table device, and a signal output unit 14 for outputting a digital output signal corresponding to the section derived by the section deriving unit.

Abstract: An image synthesizing system is provided which can output a high-quality image in real time through the texture mapping without preventing the hardware from being increased in speed and reduced in scale. A 3-D image is formed by a game space processing unit (13) and image supply unit (10) to perform a 3-D computation. At a processor unit (30), coordinates for each dot in a polygon and the corresponding texture coordinates are determined. A field buffer unit (40) stores the texture coordinates at an address specified by the coordinates for each dot. A texture data storage unit (42) has stored a rendering data. The texture coordinates are read out from the field buffer unit (40) and then used to read out the rendering data from the texture coordinate storage unit (42) to synthesize and output a pseudo 3-D image. By thus storing the texture coordinates in the field buffer unit (40), the subsampling/interpolation and the like may be carried out.

Abstract: A fan speed controller of an automotive vehicle air conditioning device is usually placed in an air flow duct to be effectively cooled. Thus, compact construction of the speed controller is needed to obtain a larger air flow in the air flow duct. For this purpose, various compact resistor units for the speed controller have been proposed. However, some of them are poor in durability against shocks. In view of this, a compact resistor unit for a speed controller includes a resistor block that has a flat resistor, a flat insulating plate and a flat radiation plate which are respectively positioned against one another. The compact resistor unit further includes a holder block of molded plastic on which the resistor block is mounted. The compact resistor unit also includes a plurality of metal terminals partially embedded in the holder block, where the terminals are connected to particular portions of the flat resistor.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an exhaust emission control system which is arranged rationally and neatly in the housing of an outboard motor body, irrespective of various limitations on the outside shape of the housing. An oil pan disposed below an engine of the outboard motor has an oil holding portion, and an exhaust pipe is disposed vertically along a vertical wall portion of the oil holding portion. A catalytic converter is disposed in an intermediate portion of the exhaust pipe in confronted relation to the vertical wall portion. The catalytic converter has a particular shape in horizontal section which is greater in size in a first direction than in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. A fresh-air delivery passage is provided for introducing fresh air into an exhaust passage disposed upstream of the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: Cooling water pumped by a cooling-water pump is passed via a cooling-water supply passage, a cooling-water dispensing chamber, two upper and lower through-holes and a water jacket, a thermo-valve and discharged via a cooling-water discharge passage. When the amount of cooling water supplied from the cooling-water pump is excessive, or when the thermo-valve has been closed, a relief valve mounted in a bypass passage which connects the cooling-water supply passage and the cooling-water discharge passage is opened, thereby permitting the cooling water to be diverted. The bypass passage diverges from the cooling-water supply passage upstream of the cooling-water dispensing chamber. Therefore, even if the relief valve is opened, the flow pattern of the cooling water flowing within the cooling-water dispensing chamber is not influenced, and the flow rates of the cooling water passed through the two through-holes cannot be unbalanced.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe for guiding an exhaust gas from an engine into an exhaust gas expansion chamber defined within an extension case is connected to a protrusion of an oil pan which is mounted on a lower surface of a mount case that supports the engine at its upper portion. A breathing bore is formed in an upper portion of the exhaust pipe, and an outer side of the breathing bore is covered with a shield plate. Therefore, water cannot enter the exhaust pipe through the breathing bore. A cooling-water supply pipe for introducing cooling water from a cooling-water pump into the engine is formed with a cooling-water ejection bore which is located at a position in which it is not opposed to the breathing bore. Therefore, even if cooling water is ejected through the cooling-water ejection bore to the exhaust pipe to cool the latter, the cooling water cannot enter the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: An image synthesizing system is provided which can output a high-quality image in real time through the texture mapping without preventing the hardware from being increased in speed and reduced in scale. A 3-D image is formed by a game space processing unit (13) and image supply unit (10) to perform a 3-D computation. At a processor unit (30), coordinates for each dot in a polygon and the corresponding texture coordinates are determined. A field buffer unit (40) stores the texture coordinates at an address specified by the coordinates for each dot. A texture data storage unit (42) has stored a rendering data. The texture coordinates are read out from the field buffer unit (40) and then used to read out the rendering data from the texture coordinate storage unit (42) to synthesize and output a pseudo 3-D image. By thus storing the texture coordinates in the field buffer unit (40), the subsampling/interpolation and the like may be carried out.

Abstract: An image synthesizing system capable of synthesizing a high-quality image in real time is provided herein. The image synthesizing system is adapted to process a plurality of overlapping polygons sequentially starting from the closest polygon to the view point in a scene. An end flag storage unit stores an end flag at an address corresponding to the processed dot. A processing dot instruction unit reads out this end flag which in turn is used to indicate a dot to be processed to a processor unit. In such a case, the processing dot instruction unit instructs the processor unit so that the end flag of the dot decided to be processed is written back into the end flag storage unit while at the same time only the dot to be processed is treated. Thus, the image synthesization can sequentially be carried out to the polygons starting from the closest polygon to the view point in the scene. At the same time, the computing process to the hidden portion of polygons which have been processed can be omitted.

Abstract: An image synthesizing system improves perspective transformation of images by giving a far and near sense to the spatial change in the surface data of an object. A texture data storage unit stores texture data at positions represented by texture coordinates. An image supply unit outputs texture coordinates, brightness data, attribute data and the other data which correspond to the vertex coordinates arid vertices of polygons. A processor unit determines rendering data for each dot by subjecting the texture coordinates and brightness data to the perspective transformation, linear interpolation and inversely perspective transformation. The resulting rendering data is then mapped to representing coordinates determined by a main processor in a field buffer unit. Thereafter, the rendering data is transformed into RGB data by a palette/mixer circuit using color data which are read out from a texture data storage unit by the texture coordinates, attribute data and brightness data. Thus, an image data can be formed.

Abstract: An image synthesizing system is provided which can increase the speed of its hardware and reduce the scale of the same by using the subsampling/interpolation. A processor unit (80) determines coordinates of each dot and associated texture coordinates in polygons based on image data of vertices. A field buffer unit (40) stores the texture coordinates at its address specified by the coordinates of each dot. The texture coordinates are read out from the field buffer unit (40) and then used to read out rendering data from a texture data storage unit (42) to synthesize and output a pseudo 3-D image. In this case, the processor unit (30) includes a subsampling unit. Texture coordinates of the dots ignored by the subsampling unit are determined on the texture coordinates of dots adjacent to the ignored dots through interpolation circuits (180)-(186).

Abstract: A pellet for fabricating a metal matrix composite is made of a mixture of a matrix member of a metal powder and at least one reinforcement selected from whiskers, short fibers and suitable particles, the reinforcement being uniformly distributed in a matrix of the metal powder and said mixture being kept in a shape with a binder, wherein said pellet has a surface layer of dried and rigid portion of said mixture which is rigid enough to keep its shape under an external pressure applied thereto. The pellet is formed from a flat cake of the mixture separated from a slurry consisting of a solution medium and the mixture dispersed therein uniformly. Alternatively, the pellet is formed from the mixture in a dried condition with a granulation binder diluted with a solution medium.

Abstract: An apparatus for classifying particles entrained by a solid-gas jet stream includes a feed nozzle, a cyclonic wall having an inner arcuate wall, and an auxiliary inner arcuate wall provided at an outlet port of the nozzle. The solid-gas stream is preliminarily bent along the auxiliary inner wall so that the particles are preliminarily or roughly classified into undersized and oversized particles by the action of the centrifugal force before they are classified by the cyclonic wall. The apparatus may include a collecting port disposed downstream of the nozzle outlet port and spaced slightly away from the inner arcuate wall of the cyclonic wall. The collecting port permits the apparatus to collect the undersized particles in a more effective manner.

Abstract: An impact crushing machine provided with easily repairable strikers fixedly arranged along the circumference of a rotor at regular angular intervals so as to extend radially of the rotor. A plurality of seats fixedly mounted respectively with striking chips formed of a durable hard material such as a hard metal are arranged in lines and rows on and detachably fixed to the radially outer end of the striker for individual replacement. When the striking chip is abraded to an unusable extent, the seat mounted with the worn striking chip and a seat fixedly mounted with an unworn striking chip can be interchanged for the further use of the striker, so that the frequency of replacing the heavy striker with a new one is reduced and the operating cost of the impact crushing machine is reduced.

Abstract: A carbide tip is provided at a charge stock discharge opening of a rotor in a crushing apparatus. The dimension of the carbide tip in the inner circumferential direction of the rotor is set to 1/2 or more of a maximum particle size of the charge stock. Furthermore, another dimension of the carbide tip is set to 1/2-2 times the maximum particle size of the charge stock. A groove is formed at or near a bonded portion between the carbide tip and a base material of an end blade, so as to avoid stress concentration at the bonded portion.

Abstract: An image composing apparatus receiving contour point data of images from a source of image data. The apparatus includes a contour point data memory including horizontal scan memory areas respectively corresponding to horizontal scan lines, the horizontal scan memory areas storing contour point data sequentially written therein depending on their priorities. The contour point data includes pairs of left- and right-hand contour points at each of which the contour line of a given pattern for cathode ray tube display intersects each of the horizontal scan lines and attendant data of the pattern.

Abstract: A vertical mill for material such as cement raw materials, clinker, coal, or the like comprises a grinder portion which has rollers arranged to grind the material by their rolling on a rotary table, a separator means which is positioned above the grinder portion and which classifies the ground material conveyed pneumatically from the grinder portion to the separator means by the two opposite forces of centrifugal force of a rotary disk and of fluid resistance of a vortex flow, a plurality of straightening vanes which are mounted between the casing and the inner cone and which adequately regulate the direction of the fluid in the lower portion and in the upper portion in passage between the grinding portion and the separator means, and a casing outside the separator means having the appropriate shape for forming a horizontal vortex flow in the separator means. The aforesaid vertical mill structure improves the classifying efficiency of the separator means.