Abstract: In a golf ball composed of a core, a cover of at least one layer that encloses the core, and a plurality of dimples on an outermost layer of the cover, at least one constituent element contains from 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of one or more rare-earth oxide composed of a single rare-earth element, or a rare-earth mixed oxide composed of a plurality of rare-earth elements mixed in a desired ratio, per 100 parts by weight of a base material. Unlike ordinary golf balls, the golf ball of the invention has a visibility which differs under display or indoor light as opposed to outdoors, and is also very fashionable.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a core and one or more cover layer encasing the core, wherein at least one cover layer is formed by injection-molding a single resin composition of primarily (A) a thermoplastic polyurethane and (B) a polyisocyanate compound, and at least some polyisocyanate compound in which all the isocyanate groups on the molecule remain in an unreacted state is present in the resin composition. The golf ball has a high rebound, an excellent spin performance and an excellent scuff resistance, and the cover layer-forming resin composition has excellent flow properties and an excellent cover layer manufacturability.

Abstract: The invention provides a solid golf ball having a solid core, a cover layer that encloses the core, and a plurality of dimples formed on an outside surface of an outermost layer of the cover. The solid core is formed of a rubber composition composed of 100 parts by weight of a base rubber that includes 60 to 100 parts by weight of a polybutadiene rubber having a cis-1,4 bond content of at least 60% and synthesized using a rare-earth catalyst, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of an organosulfur compound, and an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a metal salt thereof, an organic peroxide and an inorganic filler. The solid core has a deformation, when subjected to loading from an initial load of 10 kgf to a final load of 130 kg, of 2.0 to 3.5 mm, and has a specific hardness distribution.

Abstract: In a golf ball comprising a core and a cover, at least one layer of the cover is formed of a cover stock composition in which fullerene and/or carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in a thermoplastic resin. The golf ball is prepared by uniformly dispersing fullerene and/or carbon nanotubes in a thermoplastic resin to provide a cover stock composition and forming at least one layer of the cover from the cover stock composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball having a solid core, an intermediate layer encasing the core, and an outermost layer cover of urethane which is softer than the intermediate layer. The outermost layer cover has a surface hardness, expressed in JIS-C hardness units, of at least 76 but not more than 88, and a thickness of at least 0.6 mm but not more than 1.0 mm. Letting A be the deflection of a sphere composed of the core encased by the intermediate layer when compressed under a final load of 1,275 N (130 kg) from an initial load state of 98 N (10 kgf) and B be the deflection of the core when compressed under a final load of 1,275 N (130 kg) from an initial load state of 98 N (10 kgf), the value A/B is at least 0.74 but not more than 0.82. The value expressed as (JIS-C surface hardness of intermediate layer×intermediate layer thickness)?(JIS-C surface hardness of cover×cover thickness) is at least 90 but not more than 120.

Abstract: A three-piece solid golf ball composed of a solid core, an intermediate layer which encloses the core, and a cover layer which encloses and is softer than the intermediate layer is characterized in that the solid core undergoes a deflection of 2.8 to 3.6 mm when a load of 130 kg is applied thereto from an initial load of 10 kg and has a surface hardness and a center hardness which differ by at least 15 Shore D hardness units; the intermediate layer has a surface hardness which differs from the surface hardness of the solid core by not more than 12 Shore D hardness units; and the cover layer has a surface hardness which differs from the surface hardness of the intermediate layer by at least 7 Shore D hardness units, is made primarily of a thermoplastic polyurethane, and has a thickness in a range of 0.5 to 1.3 mm. This combination of features provides an overall outstanding golf ball endowed with excellent flight characteristics, excellent controllability and durability, and a soft feel on impact.

Abstract: In a golf ball comprising a core and a cover of at least one layer enclosing the core, at least one layer of the cover is formed of a resin composition comprising as essential components, (a) a component selected from the group consisting of an olefin-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, an olefin-unsaturated carboxylic acid-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, and metal ion-neutralized products of these copolymers, and (b) a binary copolymer consisting of a polyolefin component and a polyamide component.

Abstract: The invention provides a golf ball composed of a core and a cover of one or more layer that encloses the core, which cover has an outermost layer on which a plurality of dimples are formed. The outermost layer is made of one or more thermoplastic or thermoset resin as a base material, and includes therein one or more light-collecting fluorescent dye. Also, 80% of the dimples formed in the outermost layer have a dimple edge angle of 5 to 30°. The surface of the ball exhibits fluorescence even in bad weather or low light conditions, giving the ball excellent visibility and also making the ball highly fashionable.

Abstract: A golf ball comprises a solid core consisting of a center core and an outer core, wherein at least one of cores is made of a rubber composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a base rubber including. 60 to 100% by weight of a polybutadiene containing at least 60% by weight of cis-1,4-bond, having a Mooney viscosity (ML1+4 (100° C.)) of at least 52, and synthesized using a rare-earth catalyst, 10 to 60 parts by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or a metal salt thereof, 5 to 80 parts by weight of an-inorganic filler, and an organic peroxide, and wherein the center core has a JIS-C hardness of 40 to 60 on its center and a JIS-C hardness of 55 to 75 on its surface and the difference therebetween is at least 10, the outer core is harder than the surface hardness of the center core, the cross-sectional hardness of 1 mm outside from the border between the center core and the outer core is from 65 to 85 on a JIS-C hardness, the surface of the outer core has a JIS-C hardness of 75 to 95.

Abstract: In a golf ball composed of a core, a cover of at least one layer that encloses the core, and a plurality of dimples on an outermost layer of the cover, at least one constituent element contains from 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of one or more rare-earth oxide composed of a single rare-earth element, or a rare-earth mixed oxide composed of a plurality of rare-earth elements mixed in a desired ratio, per 100 parts by weight of a base material. Unlike ordinary golf balls, the golf ball of the invention has a visibility which differs under display or indoor light as opposed to outdoors, and is also very fashionable.

Abstract: Provided are a compound semiconductor crystal substrate capable of reducing planar defects such as twins and anti-phase boundaries occurring in epitaxially grown crystals without additional steps beyond epitaxial growth, and a method of manufacturing the same. A compound single crystal substrate, the basal plane of which is a nonpolar face, with said basal plane having a partial surface having polarity (a partial polar surface). Said partial polar surface is a polar portion of higher surface energy than said basal plane.

Abstract: In a golf ball composed of a core and one or more cover layers which enclose the core, at least one cover layer is made primarily of a thermoplastic polyurethane obtained by a polyurethane forming reaction of an organic polyisocyanate compound with a long-chain polyol and a chain extender, and satisfies conditions (1) to (3) below: (1) the long-chain polyol includes a copolymeric polycarbonate polyol having a number-average molecular weight of 400 to 4,000; (2) the thermoplastic polyurethane present in the cover material (after molding) has an inherent viscosity, as measured in DMF, of more than 1.5 dl/g; and (3) the thermoplastic polyurethane present in the cover material (after molding) has an inherent viscosity, as measured in a DMF solution containing 0.05 mol/L of n-butylamine, of at least 0.5 dl/g. The golf ball has an improved scuff resistance, particularly an improved low-temperature scuff resistance.

Abstract: In a golf ball composed of a core and one or more cover layer which encloses the core, at least one cover layer is made primarily of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer obtained by reaction curing a polyurethane undiluted solution which includes both a copolymeric polycarbonate polyol-containing polyol component and a polyisocyanate component. The golf ball has an improved scuff resistance, particularly an improved low-temperature scuff resistance.

Abstract: A golf ball has a core obtained by molding and vulcanizing a rubber composition comprising (A) a base rubber which includes a polybutadiene having a cis-1,4 content of at least 60 wt %, (B) an unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or metal salt thereof, (C) an inorganic filler and (D) at least one organic peroxide selected from among 1,1-bis(t-hexylperoxy)cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(t-hexylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, and 2,2-bis(4,4-di-t-butylperoxycyclohexyl)propane. The golf ball has excellent rebound characteristics and flight performance as well as a high productivity due to a reduced vulcanization time.

Abstract: A cleansing processing agent that is able to remove harmful substances contained in a variety of waste materials and a cleansing method are disclosed. Specifically, there is disclosed a cleansing processing agent containing a polymer having at least one of styrene or conjugate diene and acrylonitrile as constituent unit and into which are introduced ionic groups. This cleansing processing agent is contacted with a material for processing containing harmful substances contained in the material for processing for removing the harmful substances. The waste plastics can be used effectively, while a modified product obtained on chemical modification of the plastics is useful for suppressing environmental destruction caused by leakage of the harmful substances contained in the waste materials.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a silicon carbide substance, such as a film, a layer, a semiconductor, which is doped with an impurity, a carbonization process is executed after formation of a doped silicon substance which is obtained by carrying out a silicon deposition process and by a doping process of the impurity. Both the silicon deposition and the doping processes may be simultaneously or separately carried out prior to the carbonization process or may be continued during the carbonization process also. At any rate, the carbonization process is intermittently carried out. A unit process of composed of a combination of the silicon deposition process, the doping process, and the carbonization process may be repeated a plurality times, for example, 2000 times.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor and semiconductor substrate exhibiting low resistance on the substrate side while exhibiting high resistivity in an epitaxially grown layer formed thereover; a method of manufacturing the same; and a semiconductor device employing this semiconductor. The semiconductor consists of a compound single crystal and comprises a region having a planar defect density of 1×107/cm2 or more and a region having a planar defect density of 1/cm2 or less. The semiconductor substrate comprises the aforementioned semiconductor on a substrate. The methods of manufacturing the aforementioned semiconductor and semiconductor substrate are also provided.

Abstract: A three-piece solid golf ball composed of a solid core, an intermediate layer which encloses the core, and a cover layer which encloses and is softer than the intermediate layer is characterized in that the solid core undergoes a deflection of 2.8 to 3.6 mm when a load of 130 kg is applied thereto from an initial load of 10 kg and has a surface hardness and a center hardness which differ by at least 15 Shore D hardness units; the intermediate layer has a surface hardness which differs from the surface hardness of the solid core by not more than 12 Shore D hardness units; and the cover layer has a surface hardness which differs from the surface hardness of the intermediate layer by at least 7 Shore D hardness units, is made primarily of a thermoplastic polyurethane, and has a thickness in a range of 0.5 to 1.3 mm. This combination of features provides an overall outstanding golf ball endowed with excellent flight characteristics, excellent controllability and durability, and a soft feel on impact.

Abstract: A golf ball composed of a core and one or more cover layer which encloses the core is characterized in that at least one cover layer is made of a thermoplastic polyurethane composition characterized by including at least 90 wt % of a thermoplastic polyurethane obtained by a polyurethane-forming reaction of an organic diisocyanate compound with a long-chain polyol and a chain extender, and in that the polyurethane composition cover layer is characterized that an inherent viscosity in a DMF solvent is larger than 1.5 dl/g and an inherent viscosity in a DMF solution containing 0.05 mol/L n-butylamine is larger than 0.5 dl/g. The golf ball has a high rebound, an excellent scuff resistance, is recyclable in a molding operation, and has excellent manufacturability.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing golf balls composed of a core and a cover of one or more layer that encloses the core, at least one cover layer being made of a thermoplastic polyurethane composition characterized by including at least 90 wt % of a thermoplastic polyurethane obtained by a polyurethane-forming reaction of an organic diisocyanate compound with a long-chain polyol and a chain extender, which thermoplastic polyurethane composition cover layer has an inherent viscosity in a DMF solvent of larger than 1.5 dl/g and an inherent viscosity in a 0.05 mol/L n-butylamine-containing DMF solution of larger than 0.5 dl/g, the golf ball manufacturing method being characterized by: conditioning the thermoplastic polyurethane to a pre-processing moisture content of 500 ppm or less, then injection molding the moisture-conditioned thermoplastic polyurethane to form the thermoplastic polyurethane composition cover layer.