Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing optically active IHOG, which can in turn be used for the production of monatin. The present invention further relates to a method for producing optically active monatin, and aldolase used for these methods. As such, the present invention enables the synthesis of 4-(Indole-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid with high optical purity, which is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of optically active monatin, from indole pyruvic acid and pyruvic acid (or oxaloacetic acid).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing dipeptide using inexpensively acquirable starting materials by an industrially advantageous and simple pathway. Dipeptide is produced from L-amino acid ester and L-amino acid using a culture of microbes having the ability to produce a dipeptide from an L-amino acid ester and an L-amino acid, using microbial cells isolated from the culture, or a treated microbial cell product of the microbe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing optically active IHOG, which can in turn be used for the production of monatin. The present invention further relates to a method for producing optically active monatin, and aldolase used for these methods. As such, the present invention enables the synthesis of 4-(Indole-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid with high optical purity, which is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of optically active monatin, from indole pyruvic acid and pyruvic acid (or oxaloacetic acid).

Abstract: A method for producing ?-hydroxy amino acid and its optically-active isomer is provided. The ?-hydroxy amino acid is produced by reacting a predetermined D-?-amino acid and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolic acid in the presence of an enzyme derived from a microorganism belonging to the genera Paracoccus, Aminobacter, or Ensifer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for producing serine derivatives and their optically-activated derivatives in a convenient manner. In the presence of an enzyme, an L-?-amino acid of formula (I): (in the formula (I), R1 is a hydrocarbon group) is reacted with an aldehyde of formula (II): (in the formula (II), R2 is a hydrocarbon) to produce an L-serine derivative of formula (III).

Abstract: A method for producing ?-hydroxy amino acid and its optically-active isomer is provided. The ?-hydroxy amino acid is produced by reacting a predetermined D-?-amino acid and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolic acid in the presence of an enzyme derived from a microorganism belonging to the genera Paracoccus, Aminobacter, or Ensifer.

Abstract: A method for producing ?-hydroxy amino acid and its optically-active isomer is provided. The ?-hydroxy amino acid is produced by reacting a predetermined D-?-amino acid and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolic acid in the presence of an enzyme derived from a microorganism belonging to the genera Paracoccus, Aminobacter, or Ensifer.

Abstract: A method for producing ?-hydroxy amino acid and its optically-active isomer is provided. The ?-hydroxy amino acid is produced by reacting a predetermined D-?-amino acid and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolic acid in the presence of an enzyme derived from a microorganism belonging to the genera Paracoccus, Aminobacter, or Ensifer.

Abstract: An airbag apparatus includes an air bag, the airbag including an inflator opening, a vent hole provided at a side of the inflator opening, and a vent hole cover which closes the vent hole, wherein the vent hole cover has a strip-shaped closure part which covers the vent hole, and an extending part which extends towards the inflator opening from a longitudinal intermediate part of the closure part, and both ends of the closure part are joined to the airbag at rupture joining parts which are configured to rupture at the time of deployment of the airbag.

Abstract: An airbag apparatus including: an airbag; a vent hole; a plurality of rupture joining parts which join the base fabric pieces in a manner breakable by the high-pressure gas expansion; and a vent hole cover having a connecting part at which the vent hole cover is connected to the airbag by the rupture joining parts, wherein: the airbag has an outer expansion part provided at a position outside the finishing-ends of the rupture joining parts; the plurality of rupture joining parts are rotationally symmetric to each other about the center of the base fabric pieces, and partially overlap each other in the circumferential direction; and the connecting part of the vent hole cover is provided in the vicinity of a middle position of the two finishing-ends of an adjacent pair of the rupture joining parts.

Abstract: An airbag apparatus including: an airbag; a vent hole; a plurality of rupture joining parts which join the base fabric pieces in a manner breakable by the high-pressure gas expansion; and a vent hole cover having a connecting part at which the vent hole cover is connected to the airbag by the rupture joining parts, wherein: the airbag has an outer expansion part provided at a position outside the finishing-ends of the rupture joining parts; the plurality of rupture joining parts are rotationally symmetric to each other about the center of the base fabric pieces, and partially overlap each other in the circumferential direction; and the connecting part of the vent hole cover is provided in the vicinity of a middle position of the two finishing-ends of an adjacent pair of the rupture joining parts.

Abstract: A cushion plate is provided, for example, between a piston of a hydraulic servo and an adjacent friction plate in a frictional engagement element of an automatic transmission. The cushion plate is deflected by a pressing force of the piston to absorb an engagement shock. The cushion plate includes a main body portion formed into a belleville-spring shape, and a plurality of pawls that extend from the outer periphery of the main body for spline engagement with a member that is splined to, for example, the friction plate. A side wall of each pawl is formed with a curved recess extending circumferentially of the cushion plate and located adjacent the juncture (base) of the pawl at the outer periphery of the main body.

Abstract: The present invention provides a production method of optically active hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine, which includes reducing cyano-substituted benzylidene hydantoin (1) to give aminomethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (2) or a salt thereof, converting an amino group of the aminomethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (2) or a salt thereof to a hydroxyl group to give hydroxymethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (3), treating the hydroxymethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (3) with an enzyme to give D-hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine (4a) or a salt thereof, or L-hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine (4b) or a salt thereof. According to the present invention, a production method capable of conveniently producing optically active hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine on an industrial scale can be provided.

Abstract: A cushion plate is provided, for example, between a piston of a hydraulic servo and an adjacent friction plate in a frictional engagement element of an automatic transmission. The cushion plate is deflected by a pressing force of the piston to absorb an engagement shock. The cushion plate includes a main body portion formed into a belleville-spring shape, and a plurality of pawls that extend from the outer periphery of the main body for spline engagement with a member that is splined to, for example, the friction plate. A side wall of each pawl is formed with a curved recess extending circumferentially of the cushion plate and located adjacent the juncture (base) of the pawl at the outer periphery of the main body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing optically active IHOG, which can in turn be used for the production of monatin. The present invention further relates to a method for producing optically active monatin, and aldolase used for these methods. As such, the present invention enables the synthesis of 4-(Indole-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid with high optical purity, which is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of optically active monatin, from indole pyruvic acid and pyruvic acid (or oxaloacetic acid).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing dipeptide using inexpensively acquirable starting materials by an industrially advantageous and simple pathway. Dipeptide is produced from L-amino acid ester and L-amino acid using a culture of microbes having the ability to produce a dipeptide from an L-amino acid ester and an L-amino acid, using microbial cells isolated from the culture, or a treated microbial cell product of the microbe.

Abstract: An airbag apparatus includes an air bag, the airbag including an inflator opening, a vent hole provided at a side of the inflator opening, and a vent hole cover which closes the vent hole, wherein the vent hole cover has a strip-shaped closure part which covers the vent hole, and an extending part which extends towards the inflator opening from a longitudinal intermediate part of the closure part, and both ends of the closure part are joined to the airbag at rupture joining parts which are configured to rupture at the time of deployment of the airbag.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing optically active IHOG, which can in turn be used for the production of monatin. The present invention further relates to a method for producing optically active monatin, and aldolase used for these methods. As such, the present invention enables the synthesis of 4-(Indole-3-ylmethyl)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acid with high optical purity, which is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of optically active monatin, from indole pyruvic acid and pyruvic acid (or oxaloacetic acid).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing dipeptide using inexpensively acquirable starting materials by an industrially advantageous and simple pathway. Dipeptide is produced from L-amino acid ester and L-amino acid using a culture of microbes having the ability to produce a dipeptide from an L-amino acid ester and an L-amino acid, using microbial cells isolated from the culture, or a treated microbial cell product of the microbe.

Abstract: A process for industrially advantageously producing a dipeptide via a convenient pathway starting with less expensive and easily available materials is provided. A dipeptide is produced from an L-amino acid amide and an L-amino acid by using a culture of a microbe capable of synthesizing the dipeptide from the L-amino acid amide and the L-amino acid, microbial cells separated from the culture or a treated microbial cell product from the microbe. An L-amino acid amide hydrolase is obtained from a microbe belonging to the genus erwinia, genus Rhodococcus, genus Chryseobacterium, genus Micrococcus, genus Cryptococcus, genus Trichosporion, genus Rhodosporidium, genus Sporobolomyces, genus Tremela, genus Torulaspora, genus Sterigmatomyces or genus Rhodotorula. The hydrolase catalyzes a reaction that produces a dipeptide from an L-amino acid amide and an L-amino acid.