Abstract: A control apparatus controlling discharge of a secondary battery such that a discharge power of the secondary battery does not exceed an upper limit value has a current sensor and a controller. The current sensor detects a current value during charge and discharge of the secondary battery. The controller calculates an evaluation value for determining a first deterioration component depending on nonuniformity of an ion concentration in an electrolyte of the secondary battery by using the detection result of the current sensor, and reduces the upper limit value when the integral value of the evaluation values exceeding a target value exceeds a threshold value. The controller estimates a second deterioration component depending on the material of the secondary battery and changes the threshold value such that deterioration due to the first deterioration component is permitted in association with the second deterioration component.

Abstract: A control device that controls discharge of a nonaqueous secondary battery in order that discharge electric power of the nonaqueous secondary battery does not exceed an upper limit value includes a current sensor and a controller. The controller calculates an evaluation value for evaluating a first deterioration component based on a discharge state detected by using the current sensor. The first deterioration component is a component that reduces output performance of the nonaqueous secondary battery due to an imbalance of ion concentrations in an electrolytic solution caused by discharging the nonaqueous secondary battery. The controller integrates a value obtained by subtracting a correction coefficient from a first integrated value obtained by integrating the evaluation values in past, which exceed a target value, and the evaluation value at present, which exceeds the target value, to calculate a second integrated value.

Abstract: An inter-line switching element formed of a MOSFET is provided between a pair of signal lines. When the level of a differential signal changes from high to low, a control circuit turns on the FET for a fixed period thereby to suppress ringing by decreasing the impedance between the signal lines when the level of the differential signal transitions, and causing the energy of the distortion of the differential signal waveform to be absorbed by the on-resistance of the FET.

Abstract: A control apparatus controlling discharge of a secondary battery such that a discharge power of the secondary battery does not exceed an upper limit value has a current sensor and a controller. The current sensor detects a current value during charge and discharge of the secondary battery. The controller calculates an evaluation value for determining a first deterioration component depending on nonuniformity of an ion concentration in an electrolyte of the secondary battery by using the detection result of the current sensor, and reduces the upper limit value when the integral value of the evaluation values exceeding a target value exceeds a threshold value. The controller estimates a second deterioration component depending on the material of the secondary battery and changes the threshold value such that deterioration due to the first deterioration component is permitted in association with the second deterioration component.

Abstract: A ringing suppression circuit for a communication circuit that performs communication through a transmission line includes a high side switch connected between a high potential reference point and a high side line of the transmission line, a low side switch connected between a low potential reference point and a low side line of the transmission line, and a ringing suppression section. The ringing suppression section turns on the high side switch based on a difference between a potential of the high side line and a potential applied to a control terminal of the high side switch. The ringing suppression section turns on the low side switch based on a difference between a potential of the low side line and potential applied to a control terminal of the low side switch.

Abstract: A secondary battery assembly of the present invention comprises: a secondary battery including a wound electrode body enclosed in a flat rectangular case; a contact member partly contacting a side surface having a maximum area (pressed surface) of outer surfaces of the battery; and a binding member for binding the battery and the contact member, the binding member binding the contact member to partly press against the pressed surface. The contact member includes: a plurality of contact parts arranged discretely, each contact part being in contact with the pressed surface; and a connecting part connecting the contact parts. The contact parts are protruding from the connecting part toward the pressed surface, and to press more strongly both one-side regions of the pressed surface corresponding to portions off the center of the wound body in the winding axis direction, and to press less strongly a central region between the one-side regions.

Abstract: An inter-line switching element formed of a MOSFET is provided between a pair of signal lines. When the level of a differential signal changes from high to low, a control circuit turns on the FET for a fixed period thereby to suppress ringing by decreasing the impedance between the signal lines when the level of the differential signal transitions, and causing the energy of the distortion of the differential signal waveform to be absorbed by the on-resistance of the FET.

Abstract: A ringing suppression circuit for a communication circuit that performs communication through a transmission line includes a high side switch connected between a high potential reference point and a high side line of the transmission line, a low side switch connected between a low potential reference point and a low side line of the transmission line, and a ringing suppression section. The ringing suppression section turns on the high side switch based on a difference between a potential of the high side line and a potential applied to a control terminal of the high side switch. The ringing suppression section turns on the low side switch based on a difference between a potential of the low side line and potential applied to a control terminal of the low side switch.

Abstract: An operation switching circuit switches over two comparators, which receives communication data, in accordance with a normal mode and a standby mode of a microcomputer. A delay circuit delays a mode switching signal. The mode switching signal and the delayed signal are combined by an OR gate and an AND gate to two comparator control signals, which have different high level periods. The comparators are driven by the comparator control signals, while a multiplexer is driven by the delayed signal. When one comparator is switched from the inoperative state to the operative state, the other comparator is continued to be held operative for the delay period before being switched to the inoperative state.

Abstract: A relay connector with a reduced number of connection lines leading out from one side of the relay connector, which includes a plurality of branch connectors equipped with first and second connection terminals, and a main-body connector where common contacts reside in a housing, in which a third connection terminal connected to the common contacts and a fourth connection terminal connected to the second connection terminals are installed in the housing, the common contacts and the third connection terminal being connected, and the common contacts are connected to the first connection terminal of each branch connector and the second connection terminals are connected to the fourth connection terminal when coupling the main-body connector and the branch connectors.

Abstract: An operation switching circuit switches over two comparators, which receives communication data, in accordance with a normal mode and a standby mode of a microcomputer. A delay circuit delays a mode switching signal. The mode switching signal and the delayed signal are combined by an OR gate and an AND gate to two comparator control signals, which have different high level periods. The comparators are driven by the comparator control signals, while a multiplexer is driven by the delayed signal. When one comparator is switched from the inoperative state to the operative state, the other comparator is continued to be held operative for the delay period before being switched to the inoperative state.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide a relay connector with a reduced number of connection lines leading out from one side of the relay connector, which comprises a plurality of branch connectors equipped with first and second connection terminals, and a main-body connector where common contacts reside in a housing, in which a third connection terminal connected to the common contacts and a fourth connection terminal connected to the second connection terminals are installed in the housing, the common contacts and the third connection terminal being connected, and the common contacts are connected to the first connection terminal of each branch connector and the second connection terminals are connected to the fourth connection terminal when coupling the main-body connector and the branch connectors.

Abstract: A microcomputer prevents an unnecessary signal from being outputted before the microcomputer is released from a reset state when the microcomputer includes a plurality of circuit blocks operating at different power source voltages. A reset signal transmitted to an input/output terminal unit of the microcomputer is generated by carrying out an OR operation between reset signals transmitted to a 3 V system circuit unit and a 5 V system circuit unit by an OR gate.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: A printed circuit board is disclosed which has conductive pads located near an edge of a board main body on its upper and lower surfaces to reduce the width in the direction of contact sliding and to provide for a smoother connection between electrical contacts of an electrical connector and the conductive pads despite a powdered substance produced as a result of friction between the conductive pads and the electrical contacts. The printed circuit board (1) has conductive pads (14a, 14b) on upper and lower surfaces of the board main body (2) near the edge (3) of the main body (2). Electrical contacts (20) slide over the conductive pads (14a, 14b) from the edge (3) of the board main body (2). The conductive pads (14a, 14b) are connected together by via holes (15a) that are located in the paths of the contacts (20).

Abstract: This invention provides a microcomputer capable of preventing an unnecessary signal from being outputted to outside before reset is released in the case of an operation of a plurality of circuit blocks at different power source voltages. A reset signal to be given to an input/output terminal unit of a microcomputer is generated by carrying out an OR operation between reset signals to be given to a 3 V system circuit unit and a 5 V system circuit unit by means of an OR gate.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: The present invention provides a card connector circuit board, which is easy to manufacture and which can provide good electrical characteristics with respect to the signal and ground lines. The circuit board (10), which is mounted on a back surface of a mother board mounted type card connector (80) in which card-accommodating sections (81, 82) are disposed in two stages that are stacked in the direction of height, is formed as a two-sided circuit board which includes opposite surfaces (11, 12). Circuit board (10) has a first card-connection section (91), which is connected to the card-accommodating section (81), and a second card-connection section (92), which is connected to the card-accommodating section (82).

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrical connector (1) which has a flexible printed circuit (FPC) and slider, in which the manufacturing cost is low, and the assembly work is simple. The electrical connector (1) is equipped with an insulating housing (10) having a plurality of electrical terminals (21, 22), an FPC (30) has a plurality of conductive pads formed on its surface and both sections (31, 32) of which are electrically connected to the terminals (21, 22), and a slider (50) is clamped within the FPC (30). A lower surface of second section (32) of the FPC (30) is folded back and fastened to a lower surface of the first section (31) of the FPC (30). Prescribed terminals (21) are electrically connected to conductive pads (35a) on an upper surface of the first section (31) of the FPC (30), while prescribed terminals (22) of the other terminals (22) are electrically connected to conductive pads (35b) on an upper surface of the second section (32) of the FPC (30).

Abstract: The present invention provides a card connector with a low height which makes it possible to make highly-reliable electrical connections with cards in which signal contacts are disposed on a surface of the card. The card connector (10) has grounding contacts (60) and electrical contacts (50), which are used to electrically connect with ground contacts and signal contacts disposed on one surface of the card accommodated in the card connector. The grounding contacts (60) and electrical contacts (50) are disposed side-by-side on the same side of the card connector.