Abstract: To protect secrecy of information processed by a computer system by performing access control and encryption by using a group identifier as a key, an information storage (1) of the computer system includes an arithmetic processing unit (2) which generates a specific number (ID) for identifying the information storage (1) through parameter arithmetic on the basis of medium information (DD) which identifies definitely a data storing medium and specific information (SD) obtained by grouping environment information on a per species basis. The specific number (ID) is stored in a nonvolatile memory (6) or an information recording medium (7) as the group identifier (ID). An information recording medium control unit (5) manages the information on a per group basis on the basis of the specific number (ID). Information can be laid open in personal computers belonging to a same group while being protected from leakage to third party.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel transparent recordable medium to be used as a genuine product for a specific image-forming device, an image-forming device and identification device that can readily and reliably identify the transparent recordable medium as any one among several types.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid detection device wherein a condition in which there is no liquid remaining in either a storage member or a tank and a condition in which there is liquid remaining in at least either the storage member or the tank are easily discriminated using a single mechanism. When there is oil (liquid) remaining in at least either the oil tank or the impregnated member (storage member), light emitted from a light emitting part is passed into the oil through a prism face located partway along the light path, and does not reach a light receiving part. On the other hand, when there is no oil remaining in either the oil tank or the impregnated member, the emitted light reaches the light receiving part. When the oil tank itself is not mounted, the light emitted from the light emitting part also reaches the light receiving part. When the light emitted from the light emitting part is not detected by the light receiving part, a controller determines that there is oil.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus for a sheet cassette that contains the sheets to be processed by hardware and is loaded in the hardware. The apparatus has a display window provided on a front panel of the sheet cassette, a sheet size display member displaying a letter indicating a sheet size, and the sheet size display member including a sheet size-definition member that enables a sheet size to be defined in the form of capable of detecting the sheet size. Whereby, the letter showing the desired sheet size can be manually indicated on the display window, and sheet size detector for detecting the sheet size-definition member of the sheet size display member, thereby detecting the sheet size indicated on the display window.

Abstract: A plurality of electrostatic recording units are arranged in series along a path for moving a recording sheet of paper, and charged toner images having different colors are formed on the sheet of paper travelled through the path. A paper feeder unit is arranged beneath a paper introduction side of the paper moving path. The sheet of paper carrying the toner image formed thereon is ejected from a paper ejection side of the paper moving path, and is sent to a fixer in which the toner image is fixed on the sheet of paper. The sheet of paper carrying the toner image fixed thereon is sent to a paper receiver tray positioned above the fixer.

Abstract: A process for preparing benzenecarboxylic acids which comprises oxidizing at least one aromatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of p-xylene, p-toluic acid and methyl p-toluate with a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the liquid phase in the substantial absence of a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid as a solvent, said oxidation reaction being carried out in the presence of, as a catalyst,(A) a cobalt compound soluble in the reaction system,(B) a manganese compound soluble in the reaction system, and(C) a bromine compound soluble in the reaction system.

Abstract: An oxygen scavenger composition consisting essentially of(a) metallic iron, and(b) at least one oxidation promoter selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate hydrates, silicic acid, sodium alum and sodium borate hydrates, andoptionally(c) at least one oxidation promoter aid which is a metal halide compound, and/or(d) a water-insoluble or sparingly water-soluble inert filler;a heat-generating composition having an initial rate of oxygen scavenging of at least 5 ml per gram of said composition in the air at 20.degree. C. during a period of one hour after the oxidation reaction was substantially begun, said composition consisting substantially of the metallic iron (a), a sodium silicate hydrate, and/or silicic acid as an oxidation promoter (b), the oxidation promoter aid (c) and optionally the filler (d);a deoxygenating structure comprising the oxygen scavenger composition and a film having an oxygen permeability of at least 0.005 ml/cm.sup.2.min.atm. (O.sub.

Abstract: A process for making glycols comprising contacting an aliphatic olefin with 2-4 carbon atoms with an aqueous medium containingI. at least one cation selected from the group consisting of copper ions and iron ions, andIi. an anion which at least includes a bromine ion and can solubilize copper and/or iron at 100.degree.-200.degree. C., to form a glycol corresponding to the starting olefin, which is characterized in that the concentrations of the cation and anion and the ratio therebetween are controlled under specific conditions.