Abstract: The present invention provides a novel dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase inhibitor which is applicable to various diseases. When used as an active ingredient, a compound represented by formula (I): (wherein X represents a halogen atom, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, R2 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R3 represents —CHO, and R4 represents —CH2—CH?C(CH3)—R0 (wherein R0 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent on the terminal carbon and/or on a non-terminal carbon, etc.)), an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a high inhibitory effect on dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase and can be used as an immunosuppressive agent, a therapeutic agent for rheumatism, an anticancer agent, a therapeutic agent for graft rejection, an antiviral agent, an anti-H. pylori agent, a therapeutic agent for diabetes or the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to low-molecular-weight compounds which are capable of inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell into hepatocytes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase inhibitor which is applicable to various diseases. When used as an active ingredient, a compound represented by formula (I): (wherein X represents a halogen atom, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, R2 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R3 represents —CHO, and R4 represents —CH2—CH?C(CH3)—R0 (wherein R0 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent on the terminal carbon and/or on a non-terminal carbon, etc.)), an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a high inhibitory effect on dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase and can be used as an immunosuppressive agent, a therapeutic agent for rheumatism, an anticancer agent, a therapeutic agent for graft rejection, an antiviral agent, an anti-H. pylori agent, a therapeutic agent for diabetes or the like.

Abstract: Novel compounds below are useful for preventing or treating diseases caused by protozoans. At least one of a compound represented by Formula (I) (wherein, X represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 represents a hydrogen atom; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-7 alkyl group; R3 represents —CHO, —C(?O)R5, —COOR5 (wherein R5 represents a C1-7 alkyl group), —CH2OH or —COOH; and R4 represents a C1-16 alkyl group having one or more substituents on a terminal carbon atom and/or non-terminal carbon atom(s), a C2-16 alkenyl group having one or more substituents on a terminal carbon atom and/or non-terminal carbon atom(s), or a C2-16 alkynyl group having one or more substituents on a terminal carbon atom and/or non-terminal carbon atom(s)), an optical isomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase inhibitor which is applicable to various diseases. When used as an active ingredient, a compound represented by formula (I): (wherein X represents a halogen atom, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, R2 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R3 represents —CHO, and R4 represents —CH2—CH?C(CH3)—R0 (wherein R0 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent on the terminal carbon and/or on a non-terminal carbon, etc.)), an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a high inhibitory effect on dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase and can be used as an immunosuppressive agent, a therapeutic agent for rheumatism, an anticancer agent, a therapeutic agent for graft rejection, an antiviral agent, an anti-H. pylori agent, a therapeutic agent for diabetes or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing chitin nanofibers, which includes the steps of deproteinizing a material derived from a chitin-containing organism by an alkali treatment, deashing a deproteinized integument by an acid treatment, optionally treating the deashed integument under acidic conditions, and then subjecting to a fiber-loosening treatment. The present invention also provides chitin nanofibers obtained by the method, and a composite material and a coating composition each containing the same. The present invention provides a method for producing chitosan nanofibers, which includes, in addition to the above steps, a deacetylation step and chitosan nanofibers obtained by the method, and a composite material and a coating composition each containing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent for inflammatory bowel disease and an NF-kB activation inhibitor, each of which comprises chitin nanofibers or chitosan nanofibers.

Abstract: The purpose is to select low-molecular-weight compounds which are effective in inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell into hepatocyte and to develop a safe differentiation-inducing method having excellent efficiency of differentiating mesenchymal stem cell into hepatocyte. Provided are at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulae (1) and (2), a salt thereof, or a solvate of them; a differentiation inducer comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulae (1) and (2), a salt thereof, or a solvate of them; and a differentiation inducer comprising a compound represented by formula (8), a salt thereof, or a solvate of them.

Abstract: Novel compounds below are useful for preventing or treating diseases caused by protozoans. At least one of a compound represented by Formula (I) (wherein, X represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 represents a hydrogen atom; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-7 alkyl group; R3 represents —CHO, —C(?O)R5, —COOR5 (wherein R5 represents a C1-7 alkyl group), —CH2OH or —COOH; and R4 represents a C1-16 alkyl group having one or more substituents on a terminal carbon atom and/or non-terminal carbon atom(s), a C2-16 alkenyl group having one or more substituents on a terminal carbon atom and/or non-terminal carbon atom(s), or a C2-16 alkynyl group having one or more substituents on a terminal carbon atom and/or non-terminal carbon atom(s)), an optical isomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing chitin nanofibers, which includes the steps of deproteinizing a material derived from a chitin-containing organism by an alkali treatment, deashing a deproteinized integument by an acid treatment, optionally treating the deashed integument under acidic conditions, and then subjecting to a fiber-loosening treatment. The present invention also provides chitin nanofibers obtained by the method, and a composite material and a coating composition each containing the same. The present invention provides a method for producing chitosan nanofibers, which includes, in addition to the above steps, a deacetylation step and chitosan nanofibers obtained by the method, and a composite material and a coating composition each containing the same.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): [wherein, for example, X is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group; R3 is —CHO or —COOH; and R4 is —CH?CH—(CH2)p—CH3 (wherein p is an integer of 1 to 12), —CH(OH)—(CH2)q—CH3 (wherein q is an integer of 1 to 13), —CH(OH)—CH2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)2—CH?C(CH3)2, —CH?CH—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2, —(CH2)2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2 or —(CH2)8—CH3], an optical isomer thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have antitrypanosoma activity, and accordingly are useful as drugs for preventing or treating the diseases caused by trypanosoma.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): [wherein, for example, X is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group; R3 is —CHO or —COOH; and R4 is —CH?CH—(CH2)p—CH3 (wherein p is an integer of 1 to 12), —CH(OH)—(CH2)q—CH3 (wherein q is an integer of 1 to 13), —CH(OH)—CH2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)2—CH?C(CH3)2, —CH?CH—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2, —(CH2)2—CH(CH3)—(CH2)3—CH(CH3)2 or —(CH2)8—CH3], an optical isomer thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have antitrypanosoma activity, and accordingly are useful as drugs for preventing or treating the diseases caused by trypanosoma.

Abstract: Provided is an N-alkyl chitosan derivative having an ultraviolet ray-curable functional group represented by formula (I) given below: where l+m+n=1, 0<l<1, 0<m<0.5, 0<n<1 and R1 is represented by formula (II) given below: where R2 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.