Abstract: A stepper motor is initialized so that the exciting signal is applied to coils with the step shifted by half of one electric cycle from the rebounding step being synchronized with the timing when the stopper piece is brought into contact with a fixed stopper. The rebounding step, in which the rotor of the stepper motor reverses its rotating direction, can be easily detected. If the rebounding step can be detected, the position for initializing can be easily defined in the angle shifting manner as described above.

Abstract: A circuit for driving a stepping motor, in which excitation signals corresponding to an over maximum needle indicating angle toward a zero position at a timing of a car battery ON and excitation signals corresponding to twice that of one electric cycle for rotating a needle toward a zero position at a timing of turning ignition ON or OFF as supplied to drive coils, thereby eliminating sensing induced voltage and sensing coils to set a zero position and shorten extremely a time for returning a needle to a zero position with reducing vibrated motion and simplify the circuit structure and miniaturize unit size.

Abstract: Regarding a circuit for driving a stepping motor, supplying excitation signals corresponding to over maximum needle indicating angle toward a zero position at a timing of a car battery ON and excitation signals corresponding to double of one electric cycle for rotating a needle toward a zero position at a timing of turning ignition ON or OFF to drive coils can eliminate sensing induced voltage and sensing coils to set a zero position and shorten extremely a time for returning a needle to a zero position with reducing vibrated motion and simplify the circuit structure and miniaturize unit size.

Abstract: A stepper motor is initialized so that the exciting signal is applied to coils with the step shifted by the half of a one electric cycle from the rebounding step being synchronized with the timing when the stopper piece is brought into contact with a fixed stopper. The rebounding step, in which the rotor of the stepper motor reverses its rotating direction, can be easily detected. If the rebounding step can be detected, the position for initializing can be easily defined in the angle shifting manner as described above.

Abstract: A highly reliable online system is disclosed which is provided with a backup computer center (sub-online system) in addition with an original computer center (main online system) in order to improve the reliability of the online system. With respect to the database, the main online system is provided with an original database (main database) while the sub-online system is provided with a backup database (sub-database) which is a duplicate of the main database. The main online system and the sub-online system are connected through a transmission path. Information on an update performed in the main database is transferred to the sub-online system through the transmission path to thereby update the sub-database in a manner similar to the main database. Terminal units are normally connected to the main online system, wherein the main database is updated by transactions inputted from the terminals.

Abstract: A highly reliable online system is disclosed which is provided with a backup computer center (sub-online system) in addition with an original computer center (main online system) in order to improve the reliability of the online system. With respect to the database, the main online system is provided with an original database (main database) while the sub-online system is provided with a backup database (sub-database) which is a duplicate of the main database. The main online system and the sub-online system are connected through a transmission path. Information on an update performed in the main database is transferred to the sub-online system through the transmission path to thereby update the sub-database in a manner similar to the main database. Terminal units are normally connected to the main online system, wherein the main database is updated by transactions inputted from the terminals.

Abstract: A highly reliable online system is disclosed which is provided with a backup computer center (sub-online system) in addition with an original computer center (main online system) in order to improve the reliability of the online system. With respect to the database, the main online system is provided with an original database (main database) while the sub-online system is provided with a backup database (sub-database) which is a duplicate of the main database. The main online system and the sub-online system are connected through a transmission path. Information on an update performed in the main database is transferred to the sub-online system through the transmission path to thereby update the sub-database in a manner similar to the main database. Terminal units are normally connected to the main online system, wherein the main database is updated by transactions inputted from the terminals.