Abstract: An optical disc has a plurality of sectors, where each of the plurality of sectors includes a plurality of frames. A sub information bit value of “0” or “1” is assigned to the plurality of frames constituting a sector, excluding the first and last frames. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a certain rule when data fields of the frames to which the sub information bit value “1” is assigned are read. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a reversal of the certain rule when data fields of the frames to which the sub information bit value “0” is assigned are read.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving cycle characteristics is provided. A spirally wound electrode body in which a cathode and an anode are wound with a separator in between is included. An electrolytic solution in which an electrolyte salt is dissolved in a solvent is impregnated in the separator. The electrolytic solution contains a cyclic ester carbonate derivative having halogen atom such as 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one and a light metal salt such as difluoro[oxolate-O,O?]lithium borate, tetrafluoro[oxolate-O,O?]lithium phosphate, and difluoro bis[oxolate-O,O?]lithium phosphate.

Abstract: An optical disc recording/reproducing apparatus includes: recording/reproducing means for recording/reproducing information by emitting a light beam onto a disc having a track which wobbles at a predetermined frequency; reflected light detection means for detecting the light beam reflected from the disc; wobble signal detection means for detecting a wobble amplitude signal which represents an amplitude of a signal generated from a component which is extracted from an output of the reflected light detection means and which wobbles at the predetermined frequency; and variation rate detection means for detecting dirt adhered on the disc based on a rate of a variation in the wobble amplitude signal, wherein the variation rate detection means detects the dirt based on the wobble amplitude signal before the recording/reproducing means records/reproduces the information.

Abstract: Organic borates having the formula: The borates are highly soluble in solvent of low dielectric constant. Also disclosed are nonaqueous electrolytes made from these organic borates; lithium secondary batteries with improved high-temperature storage characteristics; and electric appliances that comprises the battery and are free of protection circuits.

Abstract: An optical disc having a plurality of sectors, each of which includes a plurality of frames. Sub information bit value “0'or “1” is assigned to the plurality of frames constituting a sector, excluding the first and last frames. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a certain rule when data fields of the frames to which sub information bit value “1” is assigned are read. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a reversed rule of the certain rule when data fields of the frames to which sub information bit value “0” is assigned are read.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorber has a subassembled reservoir cartridge including a gas chamber and a free piston. The reservoir cartridge, a separator and a cylinder are inserted into a base shell, and an oil seal is secured to the base shell under application of a predetermined axial load, thereby fixing together these members in the axial direction. An annular hydraulic fluid passage is formed between the base shell and the reservoir cartridge, and another annular hydraulic fluid passage is formed between the base shell and the cylinder. A damping force generating mechanism is attached to a side of the base shell. Damping force is generated by supplying a hydraulic fluid sealed in the cylinder to the damping force generating mechanism through the annular hydraulic fluid passages. Stable damping force is obtained through pressurization by the gas chamber and through gas-liquid separation by the free piston.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a cefditoren pivoxil pharmaceutical preparation which can safely be administered to a patient and not only improves wettability of cefditoren pivoxil, but also further improves absorbability through the intestinal tracts by maintaining amorphous particles having a high oral absorbability in a liquid for a long period of time. The present invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising amorphous cefditoren pivoxil and a sugar ester fatty acid, which is obtainable by mixing or wet-granulating particles containing amorphous cefditoren pivoxil with the sugar ester fatty acid while amorphous cefditoren pivoxil maintains its particle state.

Abstract: An optical disc having a plurality of sectors, each of which includes a plurality of frames. Sub information bit value “0” or “1” is assigned to the plurality of frames constituting a sector, excluding the first and last frames. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a certain rule when data fields of the frames to which sub information bit value “1” is assigned are read. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a reversed rule of the certain rule when data fields of the frames to which sub information bit value “0” is assigned are read.

Abstract: An optical disk according to the present invention includes: a substrate in a disk shape; guide grooves arranged at a pitch p in a radial direction of the substrate, each of the guide grooves being formed so as to extend in a circumferential direction of the substrate; and a pre-pit formed in a space between the guide grooves so as to extend along the guide groove. The optical disk is configured so that an address signal assigned to each location on a signal surface is indicated by the arrangement of the pre-pit in accordance with a predetermined rule. The pre-pit is composed of a pair of pre-pits formed on respective sides of the guide groove. The pair of pre-pits are arranged so as to be displaced in the circumferential direction so that a distance between inner edges of the respective pre-pits in the circumferential direction is smaller than the pitch p of the guide grooves.

Abstract: A piston connected to a piston rod is fitted into a cylinder in which a hydraulic fluid is sealably contained. A flow of the hydraulic fluid is generated in an extension-side fluid passage and a compression-side fluid passage according to a sliding motion of the piston, and this flow of the hydraulic fluid is controlled by means of a main disk valve, to thereby generate a damping force. By means of an internal pressure of a back-pressure chamber generated due to a difference in flow path area between a back-pressure chamber inlet fluid passage and a downstream-side orifice, a valve-opening pressure of the main disk valve is controlled. During a reverse stroke, a check valve is opened, to thereby introduce a pressure in a downstream-side cylinder chamber into the back-pressure chamber, so that the main disk valve can be maintained in a closed position and a stable damping force can be generated.

Abstract: An optical disk of the present invention includes a pre-recorded region in which pre-recorded data is recorded; a recordable region in which a first clock synchronization mark and first address information are recorded; and a synchronization region having a prescribed length which is positioned between the pre-recorded region and the recordable region.

Abstract: A laser power control method according to the present invention is a method for controlling an output power of a laser 3 which is used for recording information on a recording medium 1. The method comprises steps of: detecting emitted light of the laser by a first detection section 4; obtaining a first driving current of the laser by a first control section 8 based on an output of the first detection section; detecting reflected light or transmitted light from the recording medium by a second detection section 5; and obtaining a second driving current of the laser by a second control section 12 based on an output of the second detection section. The laser is driven based on the first driving current or the second driving current while the first control section and the second control section are operated alternately such that the second control section does not operate when the first control section is operating, and the first control section does not operate when the second control section is operating.

Abstract: (wherein R represents a residue comprising a reactive group or a group capable of being transformed into the reactive group; n represents an integer of 3 or more; and X represents a residue capable of having the following structure by n in number: R1s each represent a hydrogen atom or a group capable of being transformed into a hydrogen atom, and 6 or more of R1s may be the same or different) The compound represented by the above formula (1), which is capable of modifying a physiologically active polypeptide or a derivative thereof, or a low molecular compound while maintaining the physiological activity, or which is useful for improving the stability or water-solubility of the low molecular compound, are provided.

Abstract: An optical disc having a plurality of sectors, each of which includes a plurality of frames. Sub information bit value “0” or “1” is assigned to the plurality of frames constituting a sector, excluding the first and last frames. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a certain rule when data fields of the frames to which sub information bit value “1” is assigned are read. Edge positions are displaced so that leading/lagging errors appear in accordance with a reversed rule of the certain rule when data fields of the frames to which sub information bit value “0” is assigned are read.

Abstract: Organic borates having the formula: The borates are highly soluble in solvent of low dielectric constant. Also disclosed are nonaqueous electrolytes made from these organic borates; lithium secondary batteries with improved high-temperature storage characteristics; and electric appliances that comprises the battery and are free of protection circuits.

Abstract: An eddy current braking apparatus according to the invention comprises: a brake disk (2) connected to a rotary shaft (1); a plurality of permanent magnets (7) arranged so that magnetic pole surfaces are opposed to the brake disk (2); and a drive mechanism for moving the permanent magnets (7) toward and away from the brake disk (2). Preferably, it further comprises a guide sleeve (3) supported by a nonrotatable structural section not connected to the rotary shaft (1), which receives a support ring (4) supporting the permanent magnets (7) and is arranged facing to the brake disk (2). Moreover, in the guide sleeve (3), there are provided ferromagnetic members (8) positioned opposite to the brake disk (2). Alternatively, the whole of said guide sleeve (3) including an end face opposed to said permanent magnets (7) is constructed of nonmagnetic material.

Abstract: A recording medium is one on which recording information can be recorded at one or several types of recording speeds. The recording medium comprises a recording area on which the recording information is recorded, and a recording speed range information recording area which can be necessarily used when recording the recording information on the recording medium and contains at least a basic recording speed preset for each type of the recording medium, and on which recording speed range information indicating a range of the recording speed preset for each type of the recording medium is recorded.

Abstract: A digital electronic apparatus includes a plurality of units and a cable. The plurality of units have metallic housings and are combined such that surfaces of the metallic housings are opposed to each other. The cable is laid on a surface of the metallic housing of at least one of the units. The surface on which the cable is laid is other than the surfaces of the metallic housings that are opposed to each other.

Abstract: There is provided an automotive air conditioning system comprising a primary blower disposed at a front part of a vehicle having a passenger compartment constituted by a front-seat side space and a rear-seat side space, a case disposed in the front part of the vehicle in such a manner that air is caused to flow from one end to the other end thereof by means of the primary blower and having a lower opening which is opened therein at a lower portion at the other end thereof, a heat exchanger disposed within the case, a scroll case disposed below the case and having opened therein an outlet and an inlet connecting to the lower opening, an centrifugal fan accommodated in the scroll case and having a rotating shaft which is oriented in a substantially vertical direction, a secondary blower having driving means for driving the centrifugal fan, and a rear seat duct connected to the outlet and communicating with the rear-seat side space.

Abstract: An optical disc reproduction apparatus includes a sector detection section for detecting a sector; a sector reproduction time measuring section for measuring a reproduction time of the sector, and outputting sector reproduction time data which represents the measured reproduction time of the sector; an unrecorded portion detection section for detecting an unrecorded portion which is a portion of the sector in which no data is recorded; an unrecorded portion time measuring section for measuring a reproduction time of the unrecorded portion, and outputting unrecorded portion time data which represents the measured reproduction time of the unrecorded portion; and a sector determination section for determining whether the sector is an unrecorded sector or not, based on a relationship between the sector reproduction time data and the unrecorded portion time data, the unrecorded sector being a sector which is in an unrecorded state.