Abstract: A main body frame 40 of a walking assist device 1, which is to be fixed to the waist of a user, has first frames 41 to be fixed to the waist of the user, second frames 42, and connection mechanisms 43, which connect the first frames 41 and the second frames 42 such that the relative positions of the second frames 42 with respect to the first frames 41 change according to the motions of the legs of the user.

Abstract: A wireless communication circuit includes a vibration piece, and a semiconductor device that is connected to the vibration piece in order to integrate the vibration piece and a wireless communication IC into one package and thus to produce a wireless communication device by which a high-precision oscillation frequency is obtained. The semiconductor device includes an oscillation circuit of the vibration piece, and a wireless communication circuit that has an amplifier which amplifies a wireless signal that is generated by an oscillation signal from the oscillation circuit. The vibration piece and the semiconductor device are accommodated in one package. An excitation electrode of the vibration piece is arranged in the package in such a manner that the excitation electrode is not superimposed on the amplifier when the semiconductor device is viewed from above.

Abstract: In order to reduce crosstalk between analog and digital signals, a circuit device includes a vibrator element, a semiconductor device, and a package. In the semiconductor device, an analog pad is provided along a first side facing in a first direction when the semiconductor device is seen in plan view. In addition, a digital pad is provided along aside facing in a second direction opposite to the first direction, that is, a second side facing the first side. In the package, an analog terminal which is connected to the analog pad is provided on a first side of the package facing in the first direction. In addition, a digital terminal which is connected to the digital pad is provided on a second side of the package facing in the second direction.

Abstract: In order to configure an oscillation circuit, an oscillator, a fractional N-PLL circuit, and the like that can output a plurality of frequencies, while decreasing an influence of an integer value boundary spurious at one reference frequency, the oscillation circuit includes a circuit for oscillation that oscillates a resonator, a fractional N-PLL circuit to which a signal from the circuit for oscillation is input, and a non-volatile memory that stores a plurality of division ratios, which can be selected from outside, of the fractional N-PLL circuit. A fractional portion of at least two of the plurality of division ratios is equal to or higher than 0.05 and is equal to or lower than 0.95.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit includes an oscillating amplifier circuit to which an oscillator element is connected, and which generates an oscillation signal, and a plurality of MOS type variable capacitance elements each having two terminals, one of which is electrically connected to the oscillating amplifier circuit, the MOS type variable capacitance elements have respective threshold voltages different from each other, a control voltage is applied to one of the terminals of each of the MOS type variable capacitance elements, and a reference voltage is applied to the other of the terminals of each of the MOS type variable capacitance elements. It is also possible for the MOS type variable capacitance elements to be different from each other in dope amount of impurities to a semiconductor layer below a gate electrode.

Abstract: A circuit device includes an oscillation circuit that includes a variable capacitance circuit and performs an operation of oscillating an oscillation element; and a control unit. The variable capacitance circuit includes a plurality of variable capacitance elements. When an operation mode is a first operation mode, the control unit supplies applied voltages in which at least one thereof is a variable voltage to the plurality of variable capacitance elements, and when the operation mode is a second operation mode, the control unit supplies applied voltages which are all fixed voltages to the plurality of variable capacitance elements.

Abstract: A variable capacitance circuit includes a plurality of variable capacitance elements (varicaps) each having the capacitance value controlled in accordance with the inter-terminal voltage applied between the terminals of the variable capacitance element and connected in parallel to each other, has the combined capacitance value of the plurality of variable capacitance elements variable taking a predetermined capacitance value as a base, sets the inter-terminal voltage of at least one of the plurality of variable capacitance elements to a first voltage as a variable voltage, and sets the inter-terminal voltage of the rest of the plurality of variable capacitance elements to a second voltage as a stationary voltage.

Abstract: A data collection system includes: a plurality of wireless tags; and a data collection device that performs time-division multiplexing communication with the plurality of wireless tags, the wireless tag including a tag-side transmission unit that transmits a signal in a frequency band higher than the LF band to the data collection device, a tag-side reception unit that receives an LF signal transmitted from the data collection device, a timer that performs time measurement, and a storage that stores information.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle in which regenerative braking is performed in preference to hydraulic braking, an uncomfortable vibration generated due to a sudden variation in the load of a motor, is prevented at the start of the regenerative braking. At the start of the braking, the regenerative braking force is gradually increased from a previously set regenerative initial value to a demanded braking force rather than being increased quickly to the demanded braking force, thereby preventing the generation of the vibration. A deficiency in the braking force during this time is compensated for with the hydraulic braking force. When the demanded braking force exceeds a regenerative acceptable value, the regenerative braking force does not exceed the acceptable value, and a deficiency of braking force thereafter is compensated for with the hydraulic braking force.

Abstract: A control system for an electric vehicle includes an accelerator opening detecting device for detecting a position of an accelerator, and an output command value calculating device connected to the accelerator opening detecting device for calculating an output command value of a drive motor of the electric vehicle based upon the detected accelerator opening. A motor control device is connected to the output command value calculating device, and controls the output of the motor based upon the output command value. An accelerator opening learning device learns actual accelerator opening positions, and includes at least one of a full-closure learning apparatus for generating a full-closure determined value of the accelerator based upon an output of the accelerator opening detecting device, and a full-open learning apparatus for generating a full-open determined value based upon the detected accelerator opening.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle in which a motor is driven using the electric power of a battery, and a PWM controller controls an inverter mounted between the battery and the motor. The frequency of the PWM control means is usually set higher than an audio frequency, in order to decrease the switching noise of the inverter. Motor operational state detecting devices detect when the motor is at low speed and high-load operational state, and if there is a possibility that switching elements of the inverter may be over-heated, the frequency of the PWM controller is decreased by a frequency changing device, thereby preventing damage to the switching elements of the inverter due to the over-heating.

Abstract: When the voltage of a battery is dropped down to a first threshold value (9.5 V) or less, the driving force of a motor is decreased to a level Y(0)-Y(7) of a limit power determined in accordance with a remaining capacity of the battery. When the voltage is not restored even after a predetermined time is lapsed from the decreasing of the driving force to the level Y(0)-Y(7), the driving force is further decreased down to a lower level Y(0)-Y(7). When the voltage of the battery is restored to a second threshold value (10 V), the driving force of the motor is gradually increased up to a level Z(0)-Z(7) of a limit power determined in accordance with the capacity of the battery. Thus, it is possible to prevent a deep discharging of the battery, while minimizing the influence on the traveling of the vehicle.

Abstract: A motor control device for controlling the driving and regenerative operation of a motor includes CPU, ROM, RAM and a back-up RAM. An electric power is normally supplied from a subsidiary battery through a second regulator to the back-up RAM. An electric power is also supplied to the CPU, the ROM and the RAM through a main switch and a first regulator, on the one hand, and through the first regulator and a transistor which is turned ON when the number of revolutions of the motor becomes equal to or larger than a predetermined value, on the other hand. Therefore, even if the main switch is opened during traveling of a vehicle at a high speed, the counter-electromotive force of the motor can be decreased by the motor control device which is supplied with the electric power through the transistor to maintain its function, thereby preventing damage to an inverter.

Abstract: An electronic control unit for controlling an inverter mounted between a main battery and a motor in an electric vehicle includes a feed-back control device which ensures that an actual electric power calculated from an electric current and a voltage inputted to the inverter is equalized to a target electric power calculated from the motor revolution-number, an accelerator opening degree and a shift position. If a circuit between the main battery and the motor is opened during regenerative operation, so that the charging of the main battery with a regenerative electric power cannot be performed and as a result, the voltage is increased to exceed a predetermined value, a regeneration prohibiting device prohibits the regenerative operation of the motor to prevent damage to the inverter due to a counter-electromotive voltage of the motor.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle including a transmission provided between a motor and driven wheels, if a shift change detecting means has detected the shift change from a "D" range or an "R" range to an "N" range or a "P" range when a stoppage detecting means has detected that the vehicle is in its substantially stopped state, a torque command value gradually-decreasing means gradually decreases the torque command value for the motor toward zero. This causes the face pressure of meshed portions of gears within the transmission to be moderately decreased, thereby preventing the generation of a striking sound due to a repulsion of the gear.

Abstract: A control system in an electric vehicle includes a power driver control device for controlling a driving system including the electric motor, a management control device for controlling a power distributing system including the battery, a brake control device for controlling a braking system including the brake device. These control devices are disposed in a distributed arrangement in the vehicle body. A power train collective-control device administers the controlling of a transmission system; collectively controls and monitors the power driver control device, the management control device, and the brake control device, and also backs up any of these control devices which is out of order, i.e., has developed trouble. Thus, it is possible to provide improvements in processing speed and reliability of the control system in the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A neutral apparatus for use on an electric vehicle is disclosed. The neutral apparatus comprises a control state detector and a neutral mechanism control circuit. The control state detector detects whether or not the motor control unit is in a predetermined control state. The neutral mechanism control unit can instruct the neutral mechanism to interrupt the power train according to the output signal from the control state detector. If the motor control unit is not in the predetermined control state, this is detected by the control state detector. In response to the output signal from the control state detector, the neutral mechanism control circuit causes the neutral mechanism to interrupt the power train. Thus, power flow from the motor to the drive wheels is interrupted. The control state detector is comprised of a voltage comparator circuit for comparing the output voltage from the motor driver circuit with a reference voltage and produces an output signal.