Abstract: When latent heat is transferred between the two airflows flowing along the respective sides of each partition member, not only a layer of moisture absorbent but also a layer of flame retardant lies in the direction of transfer of the moisture. Thus, even if the moisture is absorbed by the layer of moisture absorbent, the layer of flame retardant resists the moisture transfer so that the amount of transfer of the moisture decreases in that part with a drop in the moisture permeability of the partition member. To solve the problem, there is provided a total heat exchanging element comprising partition members and spacing members having moisture permeable portions provided with moisture permeability and flame resisting portions provided with flame retardancy, the both portions not overlapping with each other within each single member.

Abstract: A known heat exchanger has a lower rate of blocking the movement of moisture through the joint as compared to a joint bonded with a moisture impermeable adhesive because the corrugated and flat substrates are bonded with thermoplastic fibers by performing heating and pressurizing treatments, but has insufficient moisture permeability because both the flat substrate, which is a partition, and the corrugated substrate, which is a space retaining plate, have a poor moisture permeability. In a heat exchanger in which two types of air flows are directed across a moisture permeable partition plate spaced apart from an adjacent partition plate by a space retaining plate, and perform heat exchange between them through the partition plate, a joint is formed by bonding the partition plate and the space retaining plate using fluoro-resin or hydrocarbon resin containing a hydrophilic group to provide an excellent moisture absorption and diffusion property.

Abstract: When latent heat is transferred between the two airflows flowing along the respective sides of each partition member, not only a layer of moisture absorbent but also a layer of flame retardant lies in the direction of transfer of the moisture. Thus, even if the moisture is absorbed by the layer of moisture absorbent, the layer of flame retardant resists the moisture transfer so that the amount of transfer of the moisture decreases in that part with a drop in the moisture permeability of the partition member. To solve the problem, there is provided a total heat exchanging element comprising partition members and spacing members having moisture permeable portions provided with moisture permeability and flame resisting portions provided with flame retardancy, the both portions not overlapping with each other within each single member.

Abstract: A known heat exchanger has a lower rate of blocking the movement of moisture through the joint as compared to a joint bonded with a moisture impermeable adhesive because the corrugated and flat substrates are bonded with thermoplastic fibers by performing heating and pressurizing treatments, but has insufficient moisture permeability because both the flat substrate, which is a partition, and the corrugated substrate, which is a space retaining plate, have a poor moisture permeability. In a heat exchanger in which two types of air flows are directed across a moisture permeable partition plate spaced apart from an adjacent partition plate by a space retaining plate, and perform heat exchange between them through the partition plate, a joint is formed by bonding the partition plate and the space retaining plate using fluoro-resin or hydrocarbon resin containing a hydrophilic group to provide an excellent moisture absorption and diffusion property.

Abstract: When latent heat is transferred between the two airflows flowing along the respective sides of each partition member, not only a layer of moisture absorbent but also a layer of flame retardant lies in the direction of transfer of the moisture. Thus, even if the moisture is absorbed by the layer of moisture absorbent, the layer of flame retardant resists the moisture transfer so that the amount of transfer of the moisture decreases in that part with a drop in the moisture permeability of the partition member. To solve the problem, there is provided a total heat exchanging element comprising partition members and spacing members having moisture permeable portions provided with moisture permeability and flame resisting portions provided with flame retardancy, the both portions not overlapping with each other within each single member.

Abstract: A spacer for heat exchangers comprising a plate for forming and maintaining a first passage and a second passage which carry out heat exchange therebetween; and the plate made of a material obtainable by mixing a fibrous material having a softening point and a resin material having a lower softening point than the fibrous material, followed by sheeting the mixture.

Abstract: A humidifier includes water guide members (107) made of sheet-like porous material and the water guide member (107) is enclosed in an envelope-shaped film member formed of moisture permeable films (108) which allow no water but water vapor to permeate therethrough. The water guide member (107) and the film member are both combined to form a flat water guide component (104) of composite structure. Rows of ribs (105) for forming a plurality of parallel air channels (115) and water supply members (106) each having water supply holes (111) communicating with the water guide components (104) to supply water thereto are provided, and the ribs (105) and the water supply member (106) are joined to one side of the water guide component (104) to constitute a moistening function member (101) permeable to water.

Abstract: In a humidifier, its humidifier body is formed as follows: A plurality of ribs 3 made of a flexible material are fixedly adhered to the inner surface 1a of a tubular film structure 1 made of a moisture permeable film 2 in such a manner that the ribs are extended in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the tubular film structure, and the tubular film structures 1 and spacer boards 4 adapted to form spaces outside the tubular film structures into which air is supplied, are alternately laid one on another. Whereby, it is provided a humidifier which is excellent in water supply characteristic, high in humidification, and low in air resistance.

Abstract: A separator manufacturing apparatus includes a transfer roller (2) with a plurality of annular shaping grooves (1) having a predetermined shape in cross section which are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller in its circumferential direction, a resin feeding device (4) with nozzles (3) feed a hot-melt type resin to the annular shaping grooves (1) of the transfer roller (2), a base paper feeding device (5) to feed a continuous paper (W) at a predetermined speed to the outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller (2) supplied with the resin to thereby form by transfer a plurality of ribs (9) on a surface of the continuous paper (W), and a fault detecting device (6, 36, 46) to detect the shape and /or a dimension of the rib (9) formed by transfer. A resin drop receiving device (53) or an annular shaping groove cleaning device (63) may be provided so that maintenance of the transfer roller (2) can be easy.

Abstract: A separator manufacturing apparatus includes a transfer roller (2) with a plurality of annular shaping grooves (1) having a predetermined shape in cross section which are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller (2) in its circumferential direction, a resin feeding device (4) with nozzles (3) to feed a hot-melt type resin to the annular shaping grooves (1) of the transfer roller (2), a base paper feeding device (5) to feed a continuous paper (w) at a predetermined speed to the outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller (2) supplied with the resin to thereby form by transfer a plurality of ribs (9) on a surface of the continuous paper (w), and a fault detecting device (6,36,46) to detect the shape and/or a dimension of the rib (9) formed by transfer. A resin drop receiving device (53) or an annular shaping groove cleaning device (63) may be provided so that maintenance of the transfer roller (2) can be easy.

Abstract: A separator manufacturing apparatus includes a transfer roller (2) with a plurality of annular shaping grooves (1) having a predetermined shape in cross section which are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller (2) in its circumferential direction, a resin feeding device (4) with nozzles (3) to feed a hot-melt type resin to the annular shaping grooves (1) of the transfer roller (2), a base paper feeding device (5) to feed a continuous paper (w) at a predetermined speed to the outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller (2) supplied with the resin to thereby form by transfer a plurality of ribs (9) on a surface of the continuous paper (w), and a fault detecting device (6, 36, 46) to detect the shape and/or a dimension of the rib (9) formed by transfer. A resin drop receiving device (53) or an annular shaping groove cleaning device (63) may be provided so that maintenance of the transfer roller (2) can be easy.

Abstract: A heat exchanger of a construction having a plurality of plates disposed in mutual confrontation at a predetermined spaced interval among them to separate two fluids to be subjected to heat-exchange; a fin disposed in the space interval among the mutually opposed plates to form a plurality of parallel flow paths for controlling flow of the two fluids in the spaced interval, the spaced interval formed by the plates being in a plurality of stacked layers, and the portion where the fin is present and the empty space where no fin is present being so disposed in the plurality of space intervals in layer form that they may be staggered in the direction of stacking the plates; and a control member provided in each of the space intervals in layer form to separate and alternately lead into each space interval the primary fluid and the secondary fluid so as to effect the heat exchanging operation between the primary fluid and the secondary fluid in the course of their passage through the spaced interval in layer, while