Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrolytic apparatus includes an electrolytic cell including a cathode chamber, an intermediate chamber, and an anode chamber, a supply portion which supplies an electrolyte solution to the intermediate chamber, a drain pipe which discharges the electrolyte solution from the intermediate chamber, and a valve in the drain pipe. The supply portion includes a pressure apply portion which applies hydrostatic pressure to the electrolyte solution in the intermediate chamber made static, and which includes a supply pipe, a pump in the supply pipe, and a circulation pipe configured to circulate a part of the electrolyte solution fed from the pump.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrolytic apparatus includes a diaphragm of a porous membrane having a water permeability of 0.0024 to 0.6 mL/min per cm2 at a differential pressure of 20 kPa, a first electrode provided to oppose the diaphragm, and a second electrode opposing the first electrode via the diaphragm, and the difference between the hydraulic pressures applied onto both sides of the porous membrane is within ±20 kPa.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrolytic apparatus includes an electrolytic cell including an anode chamber, an intermediate chamber, a cathode chamber, separating membranes, an anode in the anode chamber, and a cathode in the cathode chamber, a water supply portion which supplies water to the anode and cathode chambers and intermittently changes a water supply and discharge amount, an electrolyte fluid supply portion which supplies and discharges an electrolyte fluid to the intermediate chamber, and a controller which applies potential to the anode and the cathode and electrolyzes the electrolyte fluid in a state where the water supply and discharge amount is small or in a water static state in at least one of the anode and the cathode chambers.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly including a plurality of unit cells which are composed of an electrolyte membrane, an anode including anode catalyst layers arranged at intervals on one of surfaces of the electrolyte membrane, and anode gas diffusion layers stacked on the anode catalyst layers, and a cathode including cathode catalyst layers arranged at intervals on the other surface of the electrolyte membrane and opposed to the anode catalyst layers, respectively, and cathode gas diffusion layers stacked on the cathode catalyst layers, wherein a thickness of at least one of the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer of one of the unit cells, which neighbor each other, gradually decreases toward the other of the unit cells.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly including a plurality of unit cells which are composed of an electrolyte membrane, an anode including anode catalyst layers arranged at intervals on one of surfaces of the electrolyte membrane, and anode gas diffusion layers stacked on the anode catalyst layers, and a cathode including cathode catalyst layers arranged at intervals on the other surface of the electrolyte membrane and opposed to the anode catalyst layers, respectively, and cathode gas diffusion layers stacked on the cathode catalyst layers, wherein a thickness of at least one of the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer of one of the unit cells, which neighbor each other, gradually decreases toward the other of the unit cells.

Abstract: A display device which includes, a display panel, a red emitting fluorescent film, a green emitting fluorescent film, and a blue emitting fluorescent film, each of the fluorescent films being formed on an inner surface of the display panel. The red emitting fluorescent film contains red fluorescent particles having an average particle diameter ranging from 6 to 12 ?m and covered with red pigment having an average particle diameter ranging from 1/100 to 1/10 of the average particle diameter of the red fluorescent particles, the red emitting fluorescent particles are formed of Y2O2S:Eu, a concentration of Eu in the red emitting fluorescent film is 60 ppm or less, and the x-value of luminescent chromaticity of the red emitting fluorescent film is not less than 0.620.

Abstract: A display device which includes, a display panel, a red emitting fluorescent film, a green emitting fluorescent film, and a blue emitting fluorescent film, each of the fluorescent films being formed on an inner surface of the display panel. The red emitting fluorescent film contains red fluorescent particles having an average particle diameter ranging from 6 to 12 ?m and covered with red pigment having an average particle diameter ranging from 1/100 to 1/10 of the average particle diameter of the red fluorescent particles, the red emitting fluorescent particles are formed of Y2O2S:Eu, a concentration of Eu in the red emitting fluorescent film is 60 ppm or less, and the x-value of luminescent chromaticity of the red emitting fluorescent film is not less than 0.620.

Abstract: A display unit has a face surface and a multi-layered antireflection antistatic film composed of three layers or more which are formed on the face surface. The multi-layered antireflection antistatic film has an absorption layer, a conductive layer, and a protect layer in the order from a face surface side. The absorption layer includes at least one kind of organic coloring matter, SiO2, and a silane coupling agent, and the silane coupling agent content thereof is seven times or less by weight the total solid content of SiO2 and the organic coloring matter.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube has, on an external surface of a face-panel, an anti-reflection film in which a layer mainly consisting of SiO2 is laminated on a transparent conductive layer that includes at least one of colored ITO and colored ATO, and a coloring matter that has a color that is a complementary color with respect to the colors of ITO and/or ATO. As the colored ITO and/or colored ATO, one that has a particle diameter of from 10 to 500 nm is employed. In addition, as the coloring matter, a dyestuff that has the maximum absorption in the wavelength range of 550 to 600 nm or the like is employed. Value of surface resistance of the anti-reflection film is preferable to be 1×106 &OHgr;/sq or less. A cathode ray tube having such an anti-reflection film can prevent effectively AEF from occurring and realize an improved contrast and comfortable body color.

Abstract: The pigment dispersion composition having a good dispersibility, a good transparence and an anti-coating properties, which contains 0.5 to 50 parts by weight of an inorganic pigment, at least one type of dispersant selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt, an ammonium salt and an amine salt of an acrylic resin, an acryl copolymer resin, a polycarbonic acid, a condensation product of aromatic formalin sulfonate, and water or a solvent miscible with water.

Abstract: A display unit has a face surface and a multi-layered antireflection antistatic film composed of three layers or more which are formed on the face surface. The multi-layered antireflection antistatic film has an absorption layer, a conductive layer, and a protect layer in the order from a face surface side. The absorption layer includes at least one kind of organic coloring matter, SiO2, and a silane coupling agent, and the silane coupling agent content thereof is seven times as high as the total weight of solid contents of SiO2 and the organic coloring matter or lower.

Abstract: A conductive anti-reflection film is disclosed, that comprises a first layer containing first conductive particles and a second layer disposed for covering the first layer, the second layer containing SiO2 and second conductive particles. A conductive anti-reflection film prevents the AEF (Alternating Electric Field) from taking place and light from reflecting and allows the front surface to be conductive. In addition, the conductive anti-reflection film has high productivity and high durability. A cathode ray tube displays a high quality picture for a long service life.

Abstract: At least an effective region of the face of a panel of a cathode ray tube is held within a vacuum chamber. After the vacuum chamber is hermetically sealed from the outside of the vacuum chamber, a thin film is formed on the face of the panel by using a film-forming means.

Abstract: A second coat film is formed on a first coat film containing a conductive substance, the second coat film having an expansion coefficient almost the same as the expansion coefficient of the first coat film under a sintering condition. The first and second coat films are sintered at the same time. Thus, a conductive anti-reflection film with sufficiently low surface resistance, excellent water resistance and chemical resistance, and reduced reflected light can be obtained. When the conductive anti-reflection film is used, a cathode ray tube that is almost free from the AEF (Alternating Electric Field) and that displays a high quality picture for a long time can be obtained.

Abstract: A second film that contains a substance that secures the conductivity of conductive particles is formed on a first film that contains the conductive particles. The first film and the second film are sintered at the same time. Thus, a conductive anti-reflection film having a sufficiently low surface resistance with a sufficient transmissivity for a high transparency can be obtained with high cost performance. When the conductive anti-reflection film is used for a cathode ray tube, it can almost prevent the AEF (Alternating Electric Field), display a picture in high quality, and be excellent in cost performance.

Abstract: The pigment dispersion composition having a good dispersibility, a good transparence and an anti-coating properties, which contains 0.5 to 50 parts by weight of an inorganic pigment, at least one type of dispersant selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt, an ammonium salt and an amine salt of an acrylic resin, an acryl copolymer resin, a polycarbonic acid, a condensation product of aromatic formalin sulfonate, and water or a solvent miscible with water.

Abstract: A second coat film is formed on a first coat film containing a conductive substance, the second coat film having an expansion coefficient almost the same as the expansion coefficient of the first coat film under a sintering condition. The first and second coat films are sintered at the same time. Thus, a conductive anti-reflection film with sufficiently low surface resistance, excellent water resistance and chemical resistance, and reduced reflected light can be obtained. When the conductive anti-reflection film is used, a cathode ray tube that is almost free from the AEF (Alternating Electric Field) and that displays a high quality picture for a long time can be obtained.

Abstract: A second film that contains a substance that secures the conductivity of conductive particles is formed on a first film that contains the conductive particles. The first film and the second film are sintered at the same time. Thus, a conductive anti-reflection film having a sufficiently low surface resistance with a sufficient transmissivity for a high transparency can be obtained with high cost performance. When the conductive anti-reflection film is used for a cathode ray tube, it can almost prevent the AEF (Alternating Electric Field), display a picture in high quality, and be excellent in cost performance.

Abstract: The pigment dispersion composition having a good dispersibility, a good transparence and an anti-coating properties, which contains 0.5 to 50 parts by weight of an inorganic pigment, at least one type of dispersant selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt, an ammonium salt and an amine salt of an acrylic resin, an acryl copolymer resin, a polycarbonic acid, a condensation product of aromatic formalin sulfonate, and water or a solvent miscible with water.

Abstract: There is disclosed a salt of a polymer having charged anionic functionalities used as a dispersant in a dispersion solution containing a pigment and used for forming a first pigment layer. A substance which forms a salt with a polymer having charged anionic functionalities is mixed into a solution applied on the pigment layer, and/or mixed into a developing solution. The formed layers are patterned and thus a display screen is obtained.