Abstract: An enhanced high-intensity discharge lamp and enhanced lighting device using the lamp, wherein feed-conductor is coupled being without off-centered and/or a discharge lamp light-transmissive ceramic enclosure and the feed-conductor is sealed at a high-reliability, are provided. The coil portion in formed on the sealable portion of the feed-conductor, to which the refractory portion and the outer protrusion of the sealable portion are inserted to be coupled. The feed-conductor is inserted into the light-discharge lamp light-transmissive ceramic enclosure from the small diameter cylinder portion, then the gap between the sealable portion and the inner surface of the small diameter cylinder portion is sealed by the sealant of the ceramic sealing compound. When the ceramic sealing compound which has melted in the sealing operation enters into the interior of the mid-portion of the coil portion and then it is solidified therein, a thick sealant film is formed inside the coil portion.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp which includes a light-transmitting air-tight discharge container, an electrode formed of tungsten as a main component and fixedly sealed in the discharge container, and a discharge medium containing a halide of a light emitting metal and sealed in the discharge container. The surface of the electrode is defined as follows. That is, the average value of center line average roughness Ra of the surface, is set to 0.3 &mgr;m or less, or the average value of the center line average roughness Rz of the surface of the electrode, is set to 1.0 &mgr;m or less, or the average value of the surface area increasing rate of the surface of the electrode is set to 1.0% or less.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp which includes a light-transmitting air-tight discharge container, an electrode formed of tungsten as a main component and fixedly sealed in the discharge container, and a discharge medium containing a halide of a light emitting metal and sealed in the discharge container. The surface of the electrode is defined as follows. That is, the average value of center line average roughness Ra of the surface, is set to 0.3 &mgr;m or less, or the average value of the center line average roughness Rz of the surface of the electrode, is set to 1.0 &mgr;m or less, or the average value of the surface area increasing rate of the surface of the electrode is set to 1.0% or less.

Abstract: The invention provides the high-intensity discharge lamp and the high-intensity discharge lamp lighting system and the lighting system using the high-intensity discharge lamp showing the low enough starting voltage. The high-intensity discharge lamp comprising a lighting-source bulb provided with an enclosure, a light-transmissive ceramic enclosure defining a pair of small diameter cylinders communicating with the enclosure at both ends thereof, a pair of electrodes and discharge agent, a metallic coil which is wound on the outside surface of at least one small-diameter cylinder and coupled to the other end of the electrode to have the same potential with the electrode, a jacket-bulb which hermetically accommodates therein the lighting-source bulb and the metallic coil, and a pair of outer lead terminals which are coupled to the pair of electrodes and hermetically led outside the jacket-bulb.

Abstract: A translucent cover (9) is so provided as to cover a high pressure sodium lamp (11) adapted to radiate at least visible light and rays of light in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 400 nm. A photocatalytic film (13) which is capable of preventing generation of interference between visible light is formed on either one of or both the inner side and outer side of the translucent cover (9). The photocatalytic film (13) contains as the principal component titania (TiO2) of which the peak wavelength for visible light transmittance is nearly the same as the peak wavelength for visible light radiated from the high pressure sodium lamp (11). Ultraviolet light radiated from the high pressure sodium lamp (11) enhances oxidation and decomposition of substances performed by the photocatalytic film (13), thereby preventing grime and contaminants from adhering to the translucent cover (9).

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes a light-transmitting envelope, means for generating a discharge within envelope, a discharge sustaining fill contained in envelope for emitting ultraviolet rays during the lamp operation and a phosphor layer coated on an inner surface of envelope. The phosphor layer converts the ultraviolet rays into visible light and ultraviolet radiation within a wavelength range of 320 nm to 410 nm so as to have radiant flux ratio of ultraviolet radiation of 5 to 50 percent of the entire radiant flux of the lamp.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp includes a light-transmitting tube containing discharge medium, a pair of discharge electrodes each mounted in a vicinity of respective end portions of the tube, a transparent conductive film formed of metallic oxide as a main component thereof and coated on an inner surface of the light-transmitting tube between the discharge electrodes, and the transparent conductive film having a thickness on one end portion of the tube relatively thinner than a thickness of the transparent conductive film on the other end portion of the tube. A phosphor film is coated on an inside surface of the transparent conductive film on an inside surface of the tube. The discharge lamp has a feature reduced in blackening on the transparent conductive film.

Abstract: A container for holding a plurality of disposable pipette tips which are to be installed to a pipette rack for a pipetting apparatus is disclosed. The container includes an upper panel having a plurality of aligned openings into which the disposable tips are to be inserted, respectively, and a lower panel for regulating swing movement of the respective disposable tips held by the upper panel. The lower panel is separated from the upper panel so as to be freely movable between a first position at which the lower panel is spaced from the upper panel and a second position at which the lower panel is close to the upper panel. The container further includes four tabs which support the lower panel thereon at the first position. The tabs are formed on side panels which are connected to the upper panel. According to the container, it is possible to install the container which holes the pipette tips to the pipette rack without applying any specific force.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus comprises a liquid crystal display panel, a fluorescent lamp for illuminating the liquid crystal display panel, the fluorescent lamp being provided with a glass bulb in which at least a pair of electrodes are disposed and mercury and rare gas fill, the glass bulb having an inner surface on which a fluorescent material is applied, the fluorescent lamp being further provided with a pair of receiving terminals, a lighting unit for lighting the fluorescent lamp, the lighting unit being electrically connected to a pair of supply terminals, and a holding unit for holding the liquid crystal display panel detachably, the fluorescent lamp and the lighting unit in an assembled state in which the paired receiving terminals are supported by the paired supply terminals.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp device comprises an oblate section type fluorescent lamp having an oblate cross section and provided with a luminous surface illuminating in one direction and with a back plate and a lighting circuit means attached to the back plate and adapted to light the fluorescent lamp. The fluorescent lamp is electrically connected to and integrally assembled with the lighting means including the lighting circuit board by the bendable leads and the terminal pieces capable of having various shapes. In addition, a fluorescent lamp device comprises a fluorescent lamp body which includes a front plate, a back plate and a spacer which is provided between the front plate and the back plate and which defines the oblate sectioned bulb of the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: The discharge space of a flat type fluorescent lamp in which a pair of electrodes are oppositely positioned for producing discharge therebetween establishes a predetermined elongated width W along the pair of electrodes and a prescribed height H in a direction perpendicular to the discharge direction. A fill including argon is sealed in the discharge space at a target pressure F (torr) which satisfies the following relationship when an aspect ratio F defined by the ratio of the predetermined elongated width W to the prescribed height H is equal to or greater than four and is equal to or less than eight: 10.ltoreq.P.ltoreq.-5/2 (F-4)+40; and the following relationship when the aspect ratio F is equal to or greater than eight and is equal to or less than eighteen: 10.ltoreq.P.ltoreq.30.

Abstract: A variable-resistance attenuator having first and second resistive layers deposited upon an insulating substrate. Input and output terminals are electrically connected at spaced intervals to one of the resistive layers and a common terminal is electrically connected to the remaining one of the resistive layers. A pair of contacts are adapted to make slidable electrical engagement, each with an associated one of the resistive layers. Conductive bridging means mechanically and electrically connect the sliding contacts. Mechanical means are provided for simultaneous movement of the sliding contacts to change the resistance in a smooth and continuous fashion.