Abstract: Provided is an electromagnetic fuel injection valve such that the collision faces of a chrome-coated movable element with respect to a stationary core and a valve body are flat, and change in the fuel injection quantity can be suppressed. The electromagnetic fuel injection valve is provided with a movable element having a cylindrical structure, and a valve body which is separated from the movable element and provided on the hollow portion side of the movable element so as to reciprocate. The movable element has a first collision face which collides with an end face of a stationary core, and a second collision face which collides with an end face of the valve body, said first collision face and second collision face coated with a chrome coating layer, and said chrome coating layer applied by disposing a positive electrode on the center axis of the movable element.

Abstract: Provided is an electromagnetic fuel injection valve capable of reducing fuel injection amount fluctuations by flattening chromium-coated impact surfaces of a movable core that impact with a stationary core or a valve plug. A movable valve element comprises a movable core, which has a cylindrical structure, and a valve plug, which is formed separate from the movable core and retained on a hollow side of the movable core to reciprocate together with the movable core with the electromagnetic attractive force and a force of a return spring. The movable core has a first impact surface, which impacts with the end face of the stationary core, and a second impact surface, which impacts with a retained surface of the valve plug, the first and second impact surfaces being coated with a chromium film layer. The chromium film layer is formed by setting a positive electrode for plating on a central axis line of the movable core.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve comprises a valve return spring as a coil spring that applies a spring force to a movable valve element toward a valve seat and an adjuster that is used for adjusting a spring force by adjusting the amount of spring compression. The injection valve is provided with parts supporting respectively both ends of the spring in the axial direction, and the parts rotatable in the circumferential direction of the spring.

Abstract: An LED lamp manufacturing process comprising manufacturing a multi-layer printed wiring board having a large number of LED lamp portions, each comprising a depressed portion whose side wall reflects light and has a mounted LED chip sealing resin container function and whose inner bottom has an LED chip mounting pattern, and a terminal pattern which is made conductive with the LED chip mounting pattern and formed on the outer under surface or outer side surface of the depressed portion, mounting predetermined LED chips on the LED chip mounting patterns, sealing the depressed portions with a resin and cutting the board into individual LED lamps, wherein the process comprises:

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing device which can easily utilize existing optical fibers for increasing the transmission capacity by approximately several fold mainly in a short-range information communication network, comprising, as essential elements, a pair of 1×N optical couplers (2≦N≦16), N light emission devices in which one of peak wavelengths thereof differs from every other one by at least 30 nm and N light receivers having optical filters having light-transmission wavelength bands adjusted to correspond to said peak wavelengths, wherein the light emission devices and the light receivers having optical filters corresponding to peak wavelengths of the light emission devices form pairs, and said light emission devices of said light receivers are optically connected to N-port-side ports of one of the 1×N optical couplers.

Abstract: An optical waveguide module having a main-line waveguide, which is excellent in optical branching properties, important properties of a bus communication network, and the reproducibility of the above branching properties and is easy to produce, and an optical transmission equipment having the above optical waveguide module. The optical waveguide module having a main-line waveguide which is connected to the optical transmission path and works as part of the optical transmission path and a pair of branch waveguides (21,22) which are unidirectionally branched from the main-line waveguide, the main-line waveguide and the branch waveguides being formed by providing an optically transparent polymer film with a refractive index distribution, a light-receiving device (25) being connected to one (21) of a pair of the branch waveguides, a light-emitting device (26) being connected to the other (22).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to allow an optical element to be obtained with good precision using a polymer film and a glass substrate as a reinforcer. The present invention is characterized by the fact that a polymer film is formed on a glass substrate which has been treated to prevent the glass substrate and polymer from separation. This allows an optical circuit pattern to be formed without producing separation between the glass substrate and polymer film when the film is formed. The dimensional precision of the configuration of the distributed index in the polymer film can be maintained generally to the same extent as the expansion and shrinkage of the glass substrate. In addition, a vessel obtained with a glass substrate as the bottom surface can be used as the casting vessel.

Abstract: The present invention is an optical device including an optical circuit in which a plurality of branched optical waveguides are connected to a light receiving side and a light ejecting side of a main optical waveguide which mixes the entering light. The branched optical waveguides include a beginning and a terminal end. The terminal end is connected to an optical fiber and the beginning end is connected to the main optical waveguide. At least one of the branched optical waveguides has a slope or taper construction which is wider at the terminal end than at the beginning end, in order to improve lost variance and to reduce loss of light signals. The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-described optical device to be used in optical local networks and optical instrumentation control systems.

Abstract: An optical divider for multimode optical fibers of graded-index (GI) type composed of an optical input section for securing input optical fiber, a branching section including an optical waveguide having rectangular sectional shapes irrespective of a kind of material or a method of fabricating the same and consists of a main optical waveguide and branch waveguide, and an optical output section for securing an array of output optical fibers, wherein the main optical waveguide having a width D and a length M is divided contiguously into N branch optical waveguides, preferably three or more having uniform width W, the optical waveguide having substantially uniform core thickness T is specifically related with the core diameter K of the otpical fiber to fufull the following relational formulas:0.7.ltoreq.T/K.ltoreq.0.85 (1)0.35.ltoreq.W/K.ltoreq.0.80 (2)15.ltoreq.M/D.ltoreq.70 (3)D=N.times.