Abstract: A closed circulation system test apparatus independently sets the amount of a liquid such as a dialysate for a blood purification device, facilitates management of operations of multiple pumps, and is capable of evaluating performance for removing wastes in blood and lifespan performance of membranes. The closed circulation system test apparatus includes: a blood sending line for sending blood from the blood bag to the blood purification device via a blood pump; a blood returning line for sending blood exiting from the blood purification device to the blood bag via a resistance imparting means; a filtrate line for sending the filtrate exiting from a dialysate outlet of the blood purification device to the replacement fluid container via a filtrate pump; and a dialysate line for sending, via a dialysate pump, dialysate or replacement fluid from the replacement fluid container to a dialysate inlet of the blood purification device.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel piperidine and pyrrolidine derivatives having NPY Y5 receptor antagonistic activity. Specifically, the present invention discloses a compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a solvate thereof: wherein A is substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic aryl or monocyclic heterocyclyl; X is a single bond or C(?O); Y is a single bond, CR5R6NR7 or C(?O)NR7; R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; R3 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heterocyclyl; R4 is halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy or heterocyclyloxy, etc.; p is an integer of 0 to 2; q is 0 or 1; m is 0 or 1; n is an integer of 0 to 5; and B is aromatic carbocycle, monocyclic heterocycle or bicyclic fused hetero ring.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel piperidine and pyrrolidine derivatives having NPY Y5 receptor antagonistic activity. Specifically, the present invention discloses a compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a solvate thereof: wherein A is substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic aryl or monocyclic heterocyclyl; X is a single bond or C(?O); Y is a single bond, CR5R6NR7 or C(?O)NR7; R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; R3 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heterocyclyl; R4 is halogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy or heterocyclyloxy, etc.; p is an integer of 0 to 2; q is 0 or 1; m is 0 or 1; n is an integer of 0 to 5; and B is aromatic carbocycle, monocyclic heterocycle or bicyclic fused hetero ring.