Abstract: Systems and techniques that facilitate expectation value calculation by grouping Pauli-strings are provided. In various embodiments, a system can comprise an expectation component that calculate expectation values of two Pauli-strings based on a first bit series of a first Pauli-string of the two Pauli-strings and a second bit series of a second Pauli-string of the two Pauli-strings, wherein bit series comprise a first value for a position of an x or y in a Pauli string and a second value for a position of a non-x or y in the Pauli-string.

Abstract: Systems, computer-implemented methods, and computer program products to facilitate sampling of an operator in a quantum system are provided. According to an embodiment, a system can comprise a memory that stores computer executable components and a processor that executes the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a cache component that caches a probability distribution and a quantum state of one or more Kraus operators in a quantum circuit. The computer executable components can further comprise a simulator component that simulates one or more shots of the quantum circuit based on the probability distribution and the quantum state of the one or more Kraus operators. The one or more shots are indicative of one or more algorithm execution instances.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is provided for reducing a measure time of a measure process in a multi-shot simulation performed by a quantum computing simulation system. The method includes calculating probabilities from probability amplitudes before the measure process. The method further includes creating, for each node of the quantum computing simulation system, an index of probability by incrementally summing respective different ones of the probabilities into respective sums. The method also includes generating a random number for each of the multi-shots, the random number for sampling a probability distribution of the probabilities. The method additionally includes selecting the index of probability which is larger than the random number by comparing the random number generated for a given one of the multi-shots to the index of probability created for the given one of the multi-shots.

Abstract: Techniques facilitating controlled NOT gate parallelization in quantum computing simulation are provided. A system can comprise a memory that stores computer executable components and a processor that executes the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a selector component that can select a first qubit and a second qubit. The first qubit can be a control qubit. The computer executable components can also comprise a parallelization component that can reorder the first qubit with the second qubit and a replication component that can simulate a controlled NOT gate during the reordering by the parallelization component.

Abstract: Systems, computer-implemented methods, and computer program products to facilitate sampling of an operator in a quantum system are provided. According to an embodiment, a system can comprise a memory that stores computer executable components and a processor that executes the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a cache component that caches a probability distribution and a quantum state of one or more Kraus operators in a quantum circuit. The computer executable components can further comprise a simulator component that simulates one or more shots of the quantum circuit based on the probability distribution and the quantum state of the one or more Kraus operators. The one or more shots are indicative of one or more algorithm execution instances.

Abstract: Techniques for simulating a quantum circuit based on fusion of at least a portion of a measure gate is provided. Data representing a quantum circuit comprising a quantum gate and a measure gate is received. The measure gate in the quantum circuit is divided into one or more virtual gates and at least one of the one or more virtual gates is fused with the quantum gate. The gate fusion combines the operations of the fused gates and cache blocking to more efficiently simulate the quantum circuit. In one embodiment, the simulation of the quantum circuit is executed locally on a computing device. Alternatively, the simulation of the quantum circuit is performed remotely over a network via an application program interface (“API”) and results of the simulation are reported via the API.

Abstract: Techniques facilitating controlled NOT gate parallelization in quantum computing simulation are provided. A system can comprise a memory that stores computer executable components and a processor that executes the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a selector component that can select a first qubit and a second qubit. The first qubit can be a control qubit. The computer executable components can also comprise a parallelization component that can reorder the first qubit with the second qubit and a replication component that can simulate a controlled NOT gate during the reordering by the parallelization component.

Abstract: Techniques for simulating a quantum circuit based on fusion of at least a portion of a measure gate is provided. Data representing a quantum circuit comprising a quantum gate and a measure gate is received. The measure gate in the quantum circuit is divided into one or more virtual gates and at least one of the one or more virtual gates is fused with the quantum gate. The gate fusion combines the operations of the fused gates and cache blocking to more efficiently simulate the quantum circuit. In one embodiment, the simulation of the quantum circuit is executed locally on a computing device. Alternatively, the simulation of the quantum circuit is performed remotely over a network via an application program interface (“API”) and results of the simulation are reported via the API.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is provided for reducing a measure time of a measure process in a multi-shot simulation performed by a quantum computing simulation system. The method includes calculating probabilities from probability amplitudes before the measure process. The method further includes creating, for each node of the quantum computing simulation system, an index of probability by incrementally summing respective different ones of the probabilities into respective sums. The method also includes generating a random number for each of the multi-shots, the random number for sampling a probability distribution of the probabilities. The method additionally includes selecting the index of probability which is larger than the random number by comparing the random number generated for a given one of the multi-shots to the index of probability created for the given one of the multi-shots.

Abstract: A surface treatment agent including a compound (?) is provided. The compound (?) has one or more M-OH groups and/or groups capable of forming M-OH (wherein M represents a metal atom), an amino group and a triazine ring; wherein said amino group is bonded to a terminal; one or more said amino groups bonded to the terminal are present; and one or more said triazine rings are present.

Abstract: A surface treatment agent including a compound (?) is provided. The compound (?) has one or more M-OH groups and/or groups capable of forming M-OH (wherein M represents a metal atom), an amino group and a triazine ring; wherein said amino group is bonded to a terminal; one or more said amino groups bonded to the terminal are present; and one or more said triazine rings are present.

Abstract: A surface treatment technique having excellent adhering function, excellent reacting function and rich diversity is provided. The surface treatment includes applying a solution containing compound (?) to a substrate and thus providing compound (?) thereon, wherein: the compound (?) is at least one of Formula [IV] and Formula [V]: wherein A is —N(Ra)Rb—Si(Rc)n(ORd)3?n, or —N{Rb—Si(Rc)n(ORd)3?n}2, B is ——N(Re)Rf(NH2)m, or —N{Rf(NH2(m}2, C is A, B, or —N(Rg)Rh, D is Ri and wherein each of Ra, Re, and Rg is independently H or a hydrocarbon group, Rb, Rc, Rd, Rf, Rh, and Ri are hydrocarbon groups, n is 0, 1, or 2, and m is 1 or 2.

Abstract: Provided is a surface treatment technique whereby excellent adhering function, excellent reacting function and rich diversity can be established. A surface treatment method that comprises applying a solution containing compound (?) to a substrate and thus providing compound (?) thereon, wherein: said compound (?) has at least an M-OH group and/or a group capable of forming M-OH (wherein M represents a metal atom), an amino group and a triazine ring; one or more said M-OH groups and/or groups capable of forming M-OH (wherein M represents a metal atom) are present; said amino group is bonded to a terminal; one or more said amino groups bonded to the terminal are present; and one or more said triazine rings are present.

Abstract: A tape cartridge is configured to include a cartridge case, a hub, around which a magnetic tape is wound around and is housed in the cartridge case rotatably, and a drive apparatus for driving the hub to rotate, the drive apparatus being arranged between a bottom portion of the hub and the cartridge case.

Abstract: A tape cartridge that has a clamp force to a block body and that secures a leader tape to a leader block is provided. Nail portions (63a, 64a) formed on the outer surface sides of a pair of leg portions (63, 64) of a clamper (36?) are secured to securing grooves (53, 54) formed on side walls of a assembling concave portion (50) of a block body (40) to secure the block body (40) and the clamper (36?). At this point, with concave grooves (73, 74) and a reinforcement rib (75) formed on an inner surface side of a base portion (60) that composes the clamper (36?) in the elongation direction of the leg portions 63 and 64. Thus, when the clamper (36?) is pushed, it can be prevented from being damaged and a desired clamp force can be obtained.

Abstract: A tape cartridge that has a clamp force to a block body and that secures a leader tape to a leader block is provided. Nail portions (63a, 64a) formed on the outer surface sides of a pair of leg portions (63, 64) of a damper (36?) are secured to securing grooves (53, 54) formed on side walls of a assembling concave portion (50) of a block body (40) to secure the block body (40) and the damper (36?). At this point, with concave grooves (73, 74) and a reinforcement rib (75) formed on an inner surface side of a base portion (60) that composes the damper (36?) in the elongation direction of the leg portions 63 and 64. Thus, when the damper (36?) is pushed, it can be prevented from being damaged and a desired clamp force can be obtained.

Abstract: A tape reel in which molding quality of a flange unit is improved so as to improve reliability at the time when a magnetic tape runs at high speed, and a tape cartridge having the same. A plurality of reference planes (152v) formed between a chucking gear (152b) and an outer peripheral rib (152r2) formed at an outer peripheral side of this chucking gear (152b) are provided separately from the outer peripheral rib (152r2). And the reference plane (152v) is formed with edge planes of each of a first rib (152v1) extending toward a circumference and a second rib (152v2) extending toward a direction crossing the first rib (152v1). According to this arrangement, a volume at a portion constituting the reference plane (152v) is made smaller, occurrence of a sink after a resin is hardened is suppressed, and molding quality of the flange unit (152) is improved so that straight runnability of the magnetic tape at high speed running and reliability in recording/reproducing operation are improved.

Abstract: A tape cartridge is configured to include a cartridge case, a hub, around which a magnetic tape is wound around and is housed in the cartridge case rotatably, and a drive apparatus for driving the hub to rotate, the drive apparatus being arranged between a bottom portion of the hub and the cartridge case.

Abstract: A tape reel in which the reliability while running a magnetic tape at high speed is improved and a tape cartridge including the same. By configuring an annular chucking gear (152b) formed in a center section of a bottom surface of a lower flange (152) of a tape reel (150) with a perpendicular wall, idling and floating of the tape reel is suppressed, and thus, the running stability and linearity of the magnetic tape during high-speed rotation of the tape reel (150) are secured, and the reliability of the tape cartridge with regard to high speed operations is improved.

Abstract: A tape reel in which molding quality of a flange unit is improved so as to improve reliability at the time when a magnetic tape runs at high speed, and a tape cartridge having the same. A plurality of reference planes (152v) formed between a chucking gear (152b) and an outer peripheral rib (152r2) formed at an outer peripheral side of this chucking gear (152b) are provided separately from the outer peripheral rib (152r2). And the reference plane (152v) is formed with edge planes of each of a first rib (152v1) extending toward a circumference and a second rib (152v2) extending toward a direction crossing the first rib (152v1). According to this arrangement, a volume at a portion constituting the reference plane (152v) is made smaller, occurrence of a sink after a resin is hardened is suppressed, and molding quality of the flange unit (152) is improved so that straight runnability of the magnetic tape at high speed running and reliability in recording/reproducing operation are improved.