Abstract: A thin film EL device having high electroluminescent efficiency, a low operating voltage, and a long lifetime. A thin film EL device of the present invention uses, as a luminescent layer, a charge-transport luminescent material that has, within a molecule, a portion contributing to charge transport and a portion contributing to luminescence where at least two molecular orbitals contributing to luminescent transition are localized.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device 10 has the constitution in which an emission region 3 between an anode 2 and a cathode 4 is laminated on a substrate 1. The emission region 3 includes polymer 3A, luminous molecules 3G which are material contributable to emission, and charge transport material 3F. The luminous molecules 3G and the charge transport material 3F are high in concentration at a side close to the cathode 4 and low in concentration at a side close to the anode 2 in a layer thickness direction of the emission region 3. The organic light-emitting device can be formed by luminous material, or luminous material and charge transport material being penetrated into polymer, or polymer in which charge transport material is dispersed, thus providing highly improved luminous efficiency and at the same time facilitating the patterning.

Abstract: A thin film EL device is disclosed which includes a hole-injecting electrode, an electron-injecting electrode paired with the hole-injecting electrode, and a functional layer provided between the hole-injecting electrode and the electron-injecting electrode and emitting light by application of an electric field produced by the electrodes. The electron-injecting electrode contains at least two or more different metals having different work functions and a capturing substance for capturing a low work function metal, which is a metal other than a highest work function metal among the above-described metals, in its ionic state. This configuration prevents deterioration of the low work function metal, increasing the luminance and lifetime of the device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin film EL device having high electroluminescent efficiency, a low operating voltage, and a long lifetime. A thin film EL device of the present invention uses, as a luminescent layer, a charge-transport luminescent material that has, within a molecule, a portion contributing to charge transport and a portion contributing to luminescence where at least two molecular orbitals contributing to luminescent transition are localized.

Abstract: A blue luminescent material with excellent thermal stability and long-term stability, a light-emitting element utilizing this material, and a device utilizing this light-emitting element are provided. In addition, the present invention provides a light-emitting element that has good color purity, does not reduce current efficiency in high luminance regions, and does not degrade lifetime characteristics. The luminescent material is a polynuclear metal complex compound having a pyrazabole structure.

Abstract: A thin film EL device having high electroluminescent efficiency, a low operating voltage, and a long lifetime. The thin film EL device uses, as a luminescent layer, a charge-transport luminescent material that has, within a molecule, a portion contributing to charge transport and a portion contributing to luminescence where at least two molecular orbitals contributing to luminescent transition are localized.

Abstract: The invention provides a luminescent material that has a wide optimum concentration range, makes the controlling of the concentration easy in mass production processes, and makes it easy to obtain uniformity and reproducibility within the device or between the devices The invention also provides a light-emitting device using the luminescent material and a system using the light-emitting device. In addition, a light-emitting device is provided which shows good color purity, does not reduce current efficiency in the high luminance region, and does not degrade the lifetime characteristics. The luminescent material includes an exciton-forming substance and a luminescent substance. The exciton-forming substance is such that the energy level difference between the excited singlet state and the excited triplet state is 2 eV or lower.

Abstract: A thin film EL device is disclosed which includes a hole-injecting electrode, an electron-injecting electrode paired with the hole-injecting electrode, and a functional layer provided between the hole-injecting electrode and the electron-injecting electrode and emitting light by application of an electric field produced by the electrodes. The electron-injecting electrode contains at least two or more different metals having different work functions and a capturing substance for capturing a low work function metal, which is a metal other than a highest work function metal among the above-described metals, in its ionic state. This configuration prevents deterioration of the low work function metal, increasing the luminance and lifetime of the device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin film EL device having high electroluminescent efficiency, a low operating voltage, and a long lifetime. A thin film EL device of the present invention uses, as a luminescent layer, a charge-transport luminescent material that has, within a molecule, a portion contributing to charge transport and a portion contributing to luminescence where at least two molecular orbitals contributing to luminescent transition are localized.

Abstract: A new organic material for an electroluminescent device suitable for an electroluminescent device and an electroluminescent device using the same. The organic material uses a complex compound expressed by the following formula (F1): wherein R1 and R2, which can be same or different, respectively denote one selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and a bridging ligand having a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring containing at least two nitrogen atoms, and when R1 or R2 is a bridging ligand having a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring, nitrogen in the nitrogen-containing aromatic ring is a coordinating atom; R3, R4, R5 and R6, which can be same or different, respectively denote one member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, an aryl derivative, a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring and a derivative of a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring; and M is a central metal.

Abstract: A charging member for charging a photosensitive member from above toner in an electrophotographic process in which charging, exposure, development, and transfer steps are performed repeatedly and in which a step of cleaning toner remaining on a photosensitive member is eliminated, the charging member including: an electrically conductive charging wire which is disposed in contact with the photosensitive member; the charging wire forming an angle of less than 90.degree. with a direction of a rotational axis of the photosensitive member and is arranged at an interval in the direction of the rotational axis of the photosensitive member; and a power source for applying a pulse voltage to the charging wire, the pulse voltage having a polarity identical with that of the toner so as to vibrate the toner.