Abstract: A refrigeration cycle device 100 where a combustible refrigerant circulates includes a bypass pipe 5 that is connected so that part of the refrigerant that flows through a circulation pipe extending from a condenser 2 to a flow control valve 3 bypasses the flow control valve 3 and an evaporator 4; a bypass flow control valve 6 that controls the amount of the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 5; a heat exchanger 7 that allows heat exchange between the refrigerant that flows through the bypass pipe 5 after flowing out of the bypass flow control valve 6 and the refrigerant that flows through the circulation pipe after flowing out of the condenser 2; and a subcooling degree sensor T73 that detects the subcooling degree of the refrigerant at the inlet of the flow control valve 3.

Abstract: To eliminate influence of undesirable light component from an object when measuring optical characteristics such as shape and wavefront aberration of the object, light from light source (101) is separated by polarization beam splitter (103) into measuring light (L1) that irradiates and travels via the object (108) and is condensed on image plane (P) through microlenses (114a) of microlens array (114), and reference light (L2) that does not irradiate the object and is guided to the image plane by reference light optical system (109). A computer (113) acquires picked-up images sequentially from CCD image sensor (116) arranged on the image plane while changing optical path length of the reference light by movable stage (117), extracts interference light spots generated through interference between signal light component and the reference light from the picked-up images, calculates positions of the interference light spots, and calculates deviation amounts of positions from predetermined reference positions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal powder composed of tantalum or niobium that achieves both sinterability and fluidity and the manufacturing method thereof. The present invention also provides a tantalum or niobium powder that enables the manufacturing of an anode for a solid electrolytic capacitor in which holes are formed for a conductive polymer-containing solution to pass through, without using a hole molding material or pore forming material. Furthermore, the present invention provides an anode for a solid electrolytic capacitor that enables the manufacturing of a high-volume and low ESR solid electrolytic capacitor. The present invention further provides a manufacturing method of a metal powder that allows the manufacturing of a metal powder of a given diameter range from a raw powder at high yield, without requiring a lot of work and time.

Abstract: To eliminate influence of undesirable light component from an object when measuring optical characteristics such as shape and wavefront aberration of the object, light from light source (101) is separated by polarization beam splitter (103) into measuring light (L1) that irradiates and travels via the object (108) and is condensed on image plane (P) through microlenses (114a) of microlens array (114), and reference light (L2) that does not irradiate the object and is guided to the image plane by reference light optical system (109). A computer (113) acquires picked-up images sequentially from CCD image sensor (116) arranged on the image plane while changing optical path length of the reference light by movable stage (117), extracts interference light spots generated through interference between signal light component and the reference light from the picked-up images, calculates positions of the interference light spots, and calculates deviation amounts of positions from predetermined reference positions.

Abstract: A process and system for producing tantalum or other valve metal particles is provided comprising forming tantalum particles in a reduction process carried out in a reactor vessel, and using a siphon to transfer fine tantalum particles out of the reaction mixture to a recovery vessel. This particle transfer can occur while the reaction mixture is agitated. The tantalum particles can be automatically withdrawn when the reaction mixture has a depth level greater than the fluid level of the tantalum fine particle recovery vessel, and outflow automatically stops when the fluid levels of the reactor and particle recovery vessel equilibrate. Tantalum or other valve metal powders made by the processes, and capacitors made with valve metal powders are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an austenitic stainless steel tube for boiler, used for superheater or reheater in thermal power plant, giving excellent resistance to high temperature steam oxidation, in particular to an austenitic stainless steel tube containing 16 to 20% Cr by weight, and being cold-worked at the inner surface of the tube. The Cr concentration in the vicinity of the inner surface of the steel tube is 14% by weight or larger, and the hardness at 100 ?m depth from the inner surface of the steel tube is 1.5 times or larger the average hardness of the mother material or is HV 300 or larger.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle device 100 where a combustible refrigerant circulates includes a bypass pipe 5 that is connected so that part of the refrigerant that flows through a circulation pipe extending from a condenser 2 to a flow control valve 3 bypasses the flow control valve 3 and an evaporator 4; a bypass flow control valve 6 that controls the amount of the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 5; a heat exchanger 7 that allows heat exchange between the refrigerant that flows through the bypass pipe 5 after flowing out of the bypass flow control valve 6 and the refrigerant that flows through the circulation pipe after flowing out of the condenser 2; and a subcooling degree sensor T73 that detects the subcooling degree of the refrigerant at the inlet of the flow control valve 3.

Abstract: A process and system for producing tantalum or other valve metal particles is provided comprising forming tantalum particles in a reduction process carried out in a reactor vessel, and using a siphon to transfer fine tantalum particles out of the reaction mixture to a recovery vessel. This particle transfer can occur while the reaction mixture is agitated. The tantalum particles can be automatically withdrawn when the reaction mixture has a depth level greater than the fluid level of the tantalum fine particle recovery vessel, and outflow automatically stops when the fluid levels of the reactor and particle recovery vessel equilibrate. Tantalum or other valve metal powders made by the processes, and capacitors made with valve metal powders are also provided.

Abstract: Tantalum powder capable of providing a small-sized tantalum electrolytic capacitor while maintaining capacity is described. Tantalum powder in the present invention can be characterized in that the CV value is from 200,000 to 800,000 ?FV/g, when measured by the following measuring method. Pellets are produced by forming tantalum powder such that the density is 4.5 g/cm3, then the pellets are chemically converted in a phosphoric acid aqueous solution of concentration 0.1 vol. % at a voltage of 6V and a current of 90 mA/g, and the chemically converted pellets are used as measuring samples to measure the CV value in a sulfuric acid aqueous solution of concentration 30.5 vol. % at a temperature of 25° C. under a frequency of 120 Hz and a voltage of 1.5V.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an austenitic stainless steel tube for boiler, used for superheater or reheater in thermal power plant, giving excellent resistance to high temperature steam oxidation, in particular to an austenitic stainless steel tube containing 16 to 20% Cr by weight, and being cold-worked at the inner surface of the tube. The Cr concentration in the vicinity of the inner surface of the steel tube is 14% by weight or larger, and the hardness at 100 ?m depth from the inner surface of the steel tube is 1.5 times or larger the average hardness of the mother material or is HV 300 or larger.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal powder composed of tantalum or niobium that achieves both sinterability and fluidity and the manufacturing method thereof. The present invention also provides a tantalum or niobium powder that enables the manufacturing of an anode for a solid electrolytic capacitor in which holes are formed for a conductive polymer-containing solution to pass through, without using a hole molding material or pore forming material. Furthermore, the present invention provides an anode for a solid electrolytic capacitor that enables the manufacturing of a high-volume and low ESR solid electrolytic capacitor. The present invention further provides a manufacturing method of a metal powder that allows the manufacturing of a metal powder of a given diameter range from a raw powder at high yield, without requiring a lot of work and time.

Abstract: Tantalum powder capable of providing a small-sized tantalum electrolytic capacitor while maintaining capacity is described. Tantalum powder in the present invention can be characterized in that the CV value is from 200,000 to 800,000 ?FV/g, when measured by the following measuring method. Pellets are produced by forming tantalum powder such that the density is 4.5 g/cm3, then the pellets are chemically converted in a phosphoric acid aqueous solution of concentration 0.1 vol. % at a voltage of 6V and a current of 90 mA/g, and the chemically converted pellets are used as measuring samples to measure the CV value in a sulfuric acid aqueous solution of concentration 30.5 vol. % at a temperature of 25° C. under a frequency of 120 Hz and a voltage of 1.5V.

Abstract: There is provided a shape measuring apparatus using an interferometer comprising a lens for condensing temporarily light waves from a light source, and a light wave shaping plate having a pinhole with suitable size adapted to convert the condensed light waves into an ideal spherical wave and a window provided in the vicinity of the pinhole and having enough size to pass therethrough light wave surface information, in which at least one lens having a reference surface and a surface to be measured the optical axes of which are slightly decentered in an optical path of the light waves passed through the pinhole is arranged in a position where the light waves which are made incident perpendicularly to the reference surface to be reflected therefrom pass through the pinhole again, and the light reflected from the surface to be measured pass through the window, and the reflected light reflected by the reference surface to pass through the pinhole again and the reflected light reflected by the surface to be measured

Abstract: A editing apparatus and an editing method that allow a source group name, a destination group name, the total number of files of each of the source group and the destination group, and the file insertion position of the destination group to be represented with an integrated icon in the case that a file categorized as a group and recorded in one of at least one record medium is moved to another group.

Abstract: A tantalum or niobium powder that can provide a porous sintered tantalum or niobium body having a large surface area and involving a lower risk of failure to form a solid electrolyte film, where a material serving as a tantalum or niobium ion source is dissolved in a molten salt, upon which a reducing agent is allowed to act, resulting in reduction to the metal state of the tantalum or niobium ions dissolved in the molten salt, to thereby obtain a tantalum or niobium powder including aggregated columnar particles. A tantalum or niobium powder contains radially aggregated particles formed by a plurality of columnar particles aggregated radially.

Abstract: A tantalum or niobium powder that can provide a porous sintered tantalum or niobium body having a large surface area and involving a lower risk of failure to form a solid electrolyte film, where a material serving as a tantalum or niobium ion source is dissolved in a molten salt, upon which a reducing agent is allowed to act, resulting in reduction to the metal state of the tantalum or niobium ions dissolved in the molten salt, to thereby obtain a tantalum or niobium powder comprising aggregated columnar particles. A tantalum or niobium powder contains radially aggregated particles formed by a plurality of columnar particles aggregated radially.

Abstract: There is provided a shape measuring apparatus using an interferometer comprising a lens for condensing temporarily light waves from a light source, and a light wave shaping plate having a pinhole with suitable size adapted to convert the condensed light waves into an ideal spherical wave and a window provided in the vicinity of the pinhole and having enough size to pass therethrough light wave surface information, in which at least one lens having a reference surface and a surface to be measured the optical axes of which are slightly decentered in an optical path of the light waves passed through the pinhole is arranged in a position where the light waves which are made incident perpendicularly to the reference surface to be reflected therefrom pass through the pinhole again, and the light reflected from the surface to be measured pass through the window, and the reflected light reflected by the reference surface to pass through the pinhole again and the reflected light reflected by the surface to be measured

Abstract: A tantalum or niobium powder that can provide a porous sintered tantalum or niobium body having a large surface area and involving a lower risk of failure to form a solid electrolyte film, where a material serving as a tantalum or niobium ion source is dissolved in a molten salt, upon which a reducing agent is allowed to act, resulting in reduction to the metal state of the tantalum or niobium ions dissolved in the molten salt, to thereby obtain a tantalum or niobium powder comprising aggregated columnar particles. A tantalum or niobium powder contains radially aggregated particles formed by a plurality of columnar particles aggregated radially.

Abstract: A refrigerant circulation system of the present invention includes a compressor, a condenser, a evaporator, a throttle device and a control unit. The control unit controls a composition of a refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation system based on a temperature and pressure of the refrigerant of an inlet and outlet portion of the compressor, condenser, evaporator and throttle device. The control unit controls to open and close the throttle device to change the composition of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation system.

Abstract: An accumulator is capable of preventing an excessive enlargement of the flow rate of a liquid refrigerant which is discharged from the accumulator, reducing the quantity of refrigerating machine oil which is accumulated in the accumulator, and maintaining a required quantity of refrigerating machine oil in a compressor. Liquid and a gas which circulate in a refrigerating and air-conditioning circuit are introduced into a first space by a suction pipe, and the gas refrigerant is discharged to a refrigerating and air-conditioning circuit through a gas passage pipe, a second space and a discharge pipe 5. A liquid-level maintaining mechanism prevents a rise in the height of the accumulated liquid introduced into the first space. When the height has been made to be not lower than a predetermined height, a gas communication mechanism moves liquid in the first space from the first space to the second space.