Abstract: A tire (12) used includes a steel belt in its outer circumferential portion. A magnetic sensor (14) including a pair of magnetic detection elements (18A, 18B), which are arranged so that their magnetic detection directions become parallel to each other or series each other, is set in the vicinity of a rear tire (12) in a trunk room of a vehicle (10). Changes in magnetic field upon revolution of the tire (12) are differentially detected by the magnetic detection elements (18A, 18B), and the revolution of the tire (12) is detected on the basis of the differentially detected output waveform. Among a plurality of peaks present in the differentially detected output waveform, a peak, the potential difference from the immediately preceding peak of which is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold value, is detected as an effective peak, which is effective for tire revolution detection, and the revolution speed of the tire is calculated by detecting the number of effective peaks.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus provided with: a vertical movement detecting device for detecting a presence or absence of a movement in a vertical direction of a moveable body associated with the movement of the movable body; a judging device for judging a position in the vertical direction of the movable body on the basis of the presence or absence of the movement in the vertical direction detected by the detecting device; and a notifying device for notifying a present position of the movable body on the basis of the position in the vertical direction judged by the judging device.

Abstract: A method and system for deriving a travel distance of an object which travels. As one aspect, a travel velocity of the object producing a pulse signal in response to travel of the object on the basis of a number of pulses of the pulse signal per unit time is calculated, and a plurality of unit travel distances corresponding to a plurality of travel states of the object every travel state are calculated. The plurality of travel states are different from each other and the unit travel distance is a travel distance per pulse calculated by dividing the calculated travel velocity by the number of the pulses of the pulse signal per unit time. And the plurality of calculated unit travel distances are memorized individually, from the plurality of memorized unit travel distances, the unit travel distance corresponding to the travel state of the object which is under travel is selected, and the travel distance of the object on the basis of the selected unit travel distance and the pulse signal is derived.

Abstract: Positive temperature coefficient thermistor is prepared from a sintered body of a ceramic material composition which has as a substrate BaTiO.sub.3 with metallic oxide. There is almost no difference of exothermic temperature even if different voltage is applied to the positive temperature coefficient thermistors. Thus, when the present invention is used in countries or areas in which both 110 V and 220 V of commercial voltages are used, almost certain temperature can be obtained without changing voltage by a transformer.

Abstract: In an apparatus having a video display and display-synchronizing motion mechanism, various images can be easily selected and displayed, and a seat or the like is moved in synchronism with motions in the images, so that a person can enjoy the images as if real. An information select unit specifies a desired one of a plurality of video/motion information pieces recorded on a storage medium, and an information read unit reads the specified video/movement information. Images formed by video information contained in the readout video/motion information are displayed on a display device, and the seat or the like is moved in synchronism with the images on the basis of motion information contained therein. A monitor unit monitors the readout video/motion information, and stops a read operation of the information read unit when the apparatus malfunctions.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system for controlling an actuator has a cylinder and a piston, and an oil pump. A first passage is communicated with the oil pump, and a second passage is communicated with the cylinder of the actuator. A plurality of branch passages are connected in parallel between the first and second passages, and a valve is provided in each branch passage. The hydraulic control system has a flow rate setting device for operating each valve thereby applying a predetermined quantity of oil to the cylinder of the actuator to shift the piston a desired distance.

Abstract: A device for detecting an object by detecting an infrared ray emitted from a moving object. The device includes a plurality of light receiving elements, each being disposed so as to receive infrared rays at a predetermined directional optical angle, and the position of and distance to the object is detected based on detection results by the respective light receiving elements. The moving speed and acceleration of the object are also detected from detection results by the respective light receiving elements, taking time-varying factors into consideration.