Abstract: A communication plate in which are provided a first communication channel communicating with the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber and a first common liquid chamber communicating with the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber at positions different from positions at which the first communication channel communicates with the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber, and a nozzle substrate in which a first nozzle communicating with the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber in common via the first communication channel is provided. A second communication channel communicating with the first common liquid chamber and communicating with the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber in common is provided in the pressure chamber substrate or the communication plate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an alignment film includes directly pressing a master having fine linear concavity-convexity in order of nanometer on a surface thereof to a surface of a base film at a temperature lower than a glass transition temperature of the base film, and thereby transferring a pattern corresponding to the concavity-convexity on the master to the surface of the base film.

Abstract: A nanoparticle-resin composite material is provided. The material has a transparent characteristic and a refractive index of at least 1.55 in the visible light region. The composite material includes inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer having a siloxane bond, the inorganic nanoparticles being coated with an organic compound. The organic compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, phosphinic acid, phosphonic acid, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, and thiols, and the selected compound contains an aryl group or an aryloxy group. The polymer is selected from the group consisting of methylphenyl polysiloxane, methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane, a mixture methylphenyl polysiloxane and methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane, or methylphenyl polysiloxane, methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane, and a mixture of methylphenyl polysiloxane and methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane.

Abstract: Metal oxide nanoparticles, production method thereof, light-emitting element assembly, and an optical material are provided. A method of producing metal oxide nanoparticles includes the steps of (A) mixing a first metal alkoxide containing a first metal, a second metal alkoxide containing a second metal different from the first metal, and a surfactant under an inert atmosphere to prepare a reaction solution; and (B) mixing a reaction initiator prepared by mixing a catalyst with a solvent and the reaction solution, and then heating the mixture of the reaction initiator and the reaction solution under an inert atmosphere to produce metal oxide nanoparticles which have a rutile-type crystal structure based on an atom of the first metal, an atom of the second metal, and an oxygen atom, and the surfaces of which are coated with the surfactant.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image observation optical-element includes: a laminated member including a ?/4 phase-difference member and a polarizing member. The ?/4 phase-difference member is provided on a light incidence surface side and has a slow axis in a first direction, and the polarizing member is provided nearer to a light emission side than the ?/4 phase-difference member and has a transmission axis in a direction crossing the first direction at substantially 45 degrees. The laminated member has a curved shape projecting to the light incidence surface side, and the ?/4 phase-difference member is configured of a material having a photoelastic coefficient of less than about 80*10?12/Pa.

Abstract: An optical material is provided. The optical material includes a nanoparticle-resin composite material in which metal oxide nanoparticles are dispersed in a polymer, wherein the metal oxide nanoparticles are crystalline and have a particle diameter of 1×10?8 m or less, wherein surfaces of the metal oxide nanoparticles are coated with a surfactant, and wherein the metal oxide nanoparticles are crystallized at a temperature greater than or equal to 200° C. and less than or equal to 400° C. A light assembly including the nanoparticle-resin composite material is also provided.

Abstract: A retardation film which is manufacturable by a simple process, and being capable of preventing a decline in light use efficiency is provided. A retardation film includes: a substrate having a plurality of grooves extending in a specific direction on a surface thereof; and a retardation layer arranged in contact with the surface of the substrate, and including a liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal material being aligned along the extending direction of the plurality of grooves and being polymerized.

Abstract: A method of producing metal oxide nanoparticles includes the steps of (A) mixing a metal alkoxide, a surfactant, and a first organic solvent under an inert atmosphere to prepare a reaction solution, (B) mixing a reaction initiator prepared by mixing a catalyst with a solvent and the reaction solution under an inert atmosphere and heating to produce an intermediate product, and (C) mixing the intermediate product with a second organic solvent followed by heating the mixture of the intermediate product and the second organic solvent under an inert atmosphere to prepare metal oxide nanoparticles, the surfaces of which are coated with the surfactant.

Abstract: A retardation film which is manufacturable by a simple process, and being capable of preventing a decline in light use efficiency is provided. A retardation film includes: a substrate having a plurality of grooves extending in a specific direction on a surface thereof; and a retardation layer arranged in contact with the surface of the substrate, and including a liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal material being aligned along the extending direction of the plurality of grooves and being polymerized.

Abstract: Metal oxide nanoparticles, production method thereof, light-emitting element assembly, and an optical material are provided. A method of producing metal oxide nanoparticles includes the steps of (A) mixing a first metal alkoxide containing a first metal, a second metal alkoxide containing a second metal different from the first metal, and a surfactant under an inert atmosphere to prepare a reaction solution; and (B) mixing a reaction initiator prepared by mixing a catalyst with a solvent and the reaction solution, and then heating the mixture of the reaction initiator and the reaction solution under an inert atmosphere to produce metal oxide nanoparticles which have a rutile-type crystal structure based on an atom of the first metal, an atom of the second metal, and an oxygen atom, and the surfaces of which are coated with the surfactant.

Abstract: A nanoparticle-resin composite material is provided. The material has a transparent characteristic and a refractive index of at least 1.55 in the visible light region. The composite material includes inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer having a siloxane bond, the inorganic nanoparticles being coated with an organic compound. The organic compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, phosphinic acid, phosphonic acid, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, and thiols, and the selected compound contains an aryl group or an aryloxy group. The polymer is selected from the group consisting of methylphenyl polysiloxane, methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane, a mixture methylphenyl polysiloxane and methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane, or methylphenyl polysiloxane, methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane, and a mixture of methylphenyl polysiloxane and methylphenyl hydrogen polysiloxane.

Abstract: A screen achieving high contrast and high gain and a method for producing a screen, which is favorable in mass-productivity, are provided. The screen has an optical multilayer film, which has a high reflection property with respect to light in a specific wavelength region and a high transmission property with respect to at least visible light in wavelength regions other than the specific wavelength region. The optical multilayer film has a stacked structure in which a first optical film (12H) having a high refractive index and a second optical film (12L) having a lower refractive index than that of said first optical film are alternately stacked on both surfaces of a transparent base (11) by coating, and the outermost layer of the optical multilayer film is formed by the first optical film, the optical multilayer film being comprised of (2n+1) layers (where n is an integer of 1 or more).