Abstract: Dithiolane derivatives represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a benzyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group and R.sup.2 is a cyano group, an alkylcarbonyl group, a benzylcarbonyl group, a phenylcarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group, a benzyloxycarbonyl group, an alkenyloxycarbonyl group, an alkynyloxycarbonyl group or an alkoxyalkoxycarbonyl group,and an organic acid ester thereof; process for producing the same; and pharmaceutical composition for controlling liver diseases of human beings and animals containing the same.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene malonic acid dialkyl ester chich was known as useful agricultural or horticultural fungicide and also as therapeutic agent for treating hepatic diseases can be prepared by a new process which comprises reacting a dialkyloxycarbonylketene dimercaptide with a 1,1-dihalogenoethylene.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene malonic acid dialkyl ester which was known as useful agricultural or horticultural fungicide and also as therapeutic agent for treating hepatic diseases can be prepared by a new process which comprises reacting a dialkyloxycarbonylketene dimercaptide with a trihalogenoethane in the presence of a base.

Abstract: A novel .DELTA..sup.2 -1,2,4-triazolin-5-one derivative having a herbicidal activity, which is represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl group; and X is a hydroxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyloxy group, an alkyloxyalkyloxy group of which two alkyls may be same as or different from each other and each alkyl is of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyloxy, or an alkyloxycarbonylalkyloxy group of which two alkyls may be same as or different from each other and each alkyl is of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4.

Abstract: .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.-trifluoro-o-toluic fluoride is produced in good yield and high purity by reacting anhydrous hydrogen fluoride with 1,1,3,3-tetrachloro-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran or a mixture of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.-trichloro-o-toluic chloride therewith, the mixture being preferably produced by sufficiently photochlorinating o-toluic chloride in mild conditions.

Abstract: 1,1,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1,3-dihydro-isobenzofuran is produced easily in good yield and high purity by allowing .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.-trichloro-o-toluic chloride to react with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride at an amount ratio of 4 moles or slight excess of the latter to 1 mole of the former. The final product may be used as an intermediate in the preparation of a fungicidal compound.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene malonate derivative having the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be same or different, represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group has effects of stimulating, improving and recovering the functions of livers, and can prevent, alleviate and cure various liver damages of humans and animals when administered thereto either orally or parenterally.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene malonate derivative having the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be same or different, represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; and R.sup.3 represents a chloromethyl group, a phenyl group, a group of the formula ##STR2## (where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, or may form, in combination, a lower alkylene group which is sometimes intercepted by an oxygen atom), or a group of the formula ##STR3## (where M represents a hydrogen atom or a salt-forming residue; and A represents a lower alkylene group, a lower alkylene group, a phenylene group or a cyclohexenylene group), has effects of stimulating, improving and recovering the functions of livers, and can prevent, alleviate and cure various liver damages of humans and animals when administered thereto either orally or parenterally.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene malonate derivative having the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an acetyl group or a propionyl group, has effects of stimulating, improving and recovering the functions of livers, and can prevent, alleviate and cure various liver damages of humans and animals when administered thereto either orally or parenterally.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene malonate derivative having the formula, ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy-ethyl group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2, which may be the same or different, represent individually an oxygen or sulfur atom; and n represents 0 or 1, is low in toxicity, has effects of stimulating, improving and recovering the functions of livers, and can prevent, alleviate and cure various liver damages of humans and animals when administered thereto either orally or parenterally.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene malonate derivative represented by the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1, which may be same or different, are individually an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is a new compound which is effective as a fungicide.

Abstract: A 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene malonate derivative having the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be same or different, represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group; and R.sup.3 represents a chloromethyl group, a phenyl group, a group of the formula ##STR2## (where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, or may form, in combination, a lower alkylene group which is sometimes intercepted by an oxygen atom), or a group of the formula ##STR3## (where M represents a hydrogen atom or a salt-foming residue; and A represents a lower alkylene group, a lower alkenylene group, a phenylene group or a cyclohexenylene group), has effects of stimulating, improving and recovering the functions of livers, and can prevent, alleviate and cure various liver damages of humans and animals when administered thereto either orally or parenterally.

Abstract: A compound having the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be same or different, represent individually a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; and n represents an integer of 1, 3 or 4, has effects of stimulating, improving and recovering the functions of livers, and can prevent, alleviate and cure various liver damages of humans and animals when administered either orally or parenterally.