Abstract: A self-delayed homodyne interferometer includes light source unit, a splitting unit, an interference signal acquisition unit, a scattered light intensity acquisition unit, and a signal processing unit. The light source unit generates probe light. The splitting unit splits into two branches, Brillouin backscattered light occurring in an optical fiber to be measured with the probe light. The acquisition unit receives scattered light of one branch, and uses a self-delayed homodyne interferometer to generate an interference signal. The acquisition unit receives scattered light of the other branch, and acquires intensity of the scattered light. The signal processing unit separates and acquires a frequency shift amount from the intensity of the interference signal, and strain and temperature change from the intensity of the scattered light. The acquisition unit can change a phase of the scattered light of the one of the two branches.

Abstract: A self-delayed homodyne interferometer includes light source unit, a splitting unit, an interference signal acquisition unit, a scattered light intensity acquisition unit, and a signal processing unit. The light source unit generates probe light. The splitting unit splits into two branches, Brillouin backscattered light occurring in an optical fiber to be measured with the probe light. The acquisition unit receives scattered light of one branch, and uses a self-delayed homodyne interferometer to generate an interference signal. The acquisition unit receives scattered light of the other branch, and acquires intensity of the scattered light. The signal processing unit separates and acquires a frequency shift amount from the intensity of the interference signal, and strain and temperature change from the intensity of the scattered light. The acquisition unit can change a phase of the scattered light of the one of the two branches.

Abstract: By removing remaining components of Rayleigh scattered light, control is sufficiently performed of polarization states even when the wavelength of scattered light has changed. A light source unit configured to generate probe light, a wavelength control unit configured to receive backscattered light emitted from an optical fiber to be tested by the probe light and to output Brillouin backscattered light included in the backscattered light, and a self-delayed heterodyne interferometer to which the Brillouin backscattered light is input are included. The wavelength control unit includes a wavelength separation filter, a variable wavelength filter, an optical intensity measurement unit, and a control unit. The wavelength separation filter has two output ports, outputs and transmits, from one of the two output ports, the Brillouin backscattered light to the variable wavelength filter, and outputs and transmits, from the other output port, Rayleigh scattered light to the optical intensity measurement unit.

Abstract: By removing remaining components of Rayleigh scattered light, control is sufficiently performed of polarization states even when the wavelength of scattered light has changed. A light source unit configured to generate probe light, a wavelength control unit configured to receive backscattered light emitted from an optical fiber to be tested by the probe light and to output Brillouin backscattered light included in the backscattered light, and a self-delayed heterodyne interferometer to which the Brillouin backscattered light is input are included. The wavelength control unit includes a wavelength separation filter, a variable wavelength filter, an optical intensity measurement unit, and a control unit. The wavelength separation filter has two output ports, outputs and transmits, from one of the two output ports, the Brillouin backscattered light to the variable wavelength filter, and outputs and transmits, from the other output port, Rayleigh scattered light to the optical intensity measurement unit.

Abstract: The present invention features compounds that are HIV integrase inhibitors and therefore are useful in the inhibition of HIV replication, the prevention and/or treatment of infection by HIV, and in the treatment of AIDS and/or ARC.

Abstract: An optical amplification device includes a first optical amplification portion, an intermediate portion and a second optical amplification portion. The first optical amplification portion receives input light including signal light and pump light, generates idler light as wavelength converted light based on wavelengths of the signal light and the pump light, and outputs first output light including signal light, pump light and idler light. The intermediate portion outputs second output light, and includes a demultiplexing portion that demultiplexes the first output light into signal light, pump light and idler light, a multiplexing portion that generates the second output light by multiplexing signal light, pump light and idler light, and a polarization plane adjustment portion that exchanges mutually orthogonal polarization components of idler light. The second optical amplification portion amplifies an intensity of signal light included in the second output light.

Abstract: The present invention features compounds that are HIV integrase inhibitors and therefore are useful in the inhibition of HIV replication, the prevention and/or treatment of infection by HIV, and in the treatment of AIDS and/or ARC.

Abstract: The present invention features compounds that are HIV integrase inhibitors and therefore are useful in the inhibition of HIV replication, the prevention and/or treatment of infection by HIV, and in the treatment of AIDS and/or ARC.

Abstract: An optical amplification device includes a first optical amplification portion, an intermediate portion and a second optical amplification portion. The first optical amplification portion receives input light including signal light and pump light, generates idler light as wavelength converted light based on wavelengths of the signal light and the pump light, and outputs first output light including signal light, pump light and idler light. The intermediate portion outputs second output light, and includes a demultiplexing portion that demultiplexes the first output light into signal light, pump light and idler light, a multiplexing portion that generates the second output light by multiplexing signal light, pump light and idler light, and a polarization plane adjustment portion that exchanges mutually orthogonal polarization components of idler light. The second optical amplification portion amplifies an intensity of signal light included in the second output light.

Abstract: A first wavelength converter of a wavelength-conversion device includes: an optical amplifier amplifying an incident light beam; a first dispersion flat fiber spreading the wavelength spectrum width of the amplified beam; and a first wavelength filter transmitting a predetermined wavelength bandwidth of the first fiber output beam. A center wavelength of the first wavelength converted beam is shifted by ??1 from that of the incident light beam. A second wavelength converter of the device does not include an optical amplifier and includes: a second dispersion flat fiber spreading the wavelength spectrum width of the first wavelength converted beam; and a second wavelength filter transmitting a predetermined wavelength bandwidth of the second fiber output beam. A center wavelength of the second wavelength converted beam is shifted by ??2 from that of the first wavelength converted beam. The ??1 and ??2 satisfy ??1+??2=??, ??1×??2<0, and |??1|<|??2|.

Abstract: An optical signal generator includes a splitter, a first modulator, a second modulator, a signal-switching unit and a multiplexer. The splitter splits an optical pulse train into a first pulse train and a second pulse train. The first modulator receives the first pulse train and first data signal, and generates a first modulation signal by performing on-off-keying or phase modulation on the first pulse train based on the strength of the first data signal. The second modulator receives the second pulse train and second data signal, and generates a second modulation signal by performing the on-off-keying or phase modulation on the second pulse train based on the strength of the second data signal. The signal-switching unit delays pulses of the second modulation signal or adjusts a phase of a carrier included in the second modulation signal according to a switching signal. The multiplexer generates an optical modulation signal by multiplexing the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes, a first polarization separation and combination portion, a second polarization separation and combination portion, a first polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber, a second polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber, a third polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber of which a first end is coupled with the second input and output terminal of the second polarization separation and combination portion, the third polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber including a first optical coupler, to which control light that is linearly polarized light is input, a fourth polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber of which a first end is coupled with the third input and output terminal of the second polarization separation and combination portion; and a first polarization plane conversion portion that optically communicates with a second end of the third polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber and a second end of the fourth polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical signal generator includes a splitter, a first modulator, a second modulator, a signal-switching unit and a multiplexer. The splitter splits an optical pulse train into a first pulse train and a second pulse train. The first modulator receives the first pulse train and first data signal, and generates a first modulation signal by performing on-off-keying or phase modulation on the first pulse train based on the strength of the first data signal. The second modulator receives the second pulse train and second data signal, and generates a second modulation signal by performing the on-off-keying or phase modulation on the second pulse train based on the strength of the second data signal. The signal-switching unit delays pulses of the second modulation signal or adjusts a phase of a carrier included in the second modulation signal according to a switching signal. The multiplexer generates an optical modulation signal by multiplexing the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): wherein Z4, Z5 and Z9 each is independently carbon atom or nitrogen atom; Y is hydroxy, mercapto or amino; RA is a group of the formula: (wherein C ring is nitrogen-containing heteroaryl) has an inhibitory activity against integrase.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion device that obtains, from an input light, a wavelength-converted light with a wavelength shift by a wavelength shift amount of ?? is disclosed. The device comprises first and second wavelength converters. The first wavelength convertor shifts a central wavelength of a first wavelength-converted light by a first wavelength shift amount of ??1 relative to a central wavelength of an input light. The second wavelength convertor shifts a central wavelength of a second wavelength-converted light by a second wavelength shift amount of ??2 relative to a central wavelength of the first wavelength-converted light. The first wavelength shift amount of ??1 and the second wavelength shift amount of ??2 satisfy ??1+??2=??.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion device that obtains, from an input light, a wavelength-converted light with a wavelength shift by a wavelength shift amount of ?? is disclosed. The device comprises first and second wavelength converters. The first wavelength convertor shifts a central wavelength of a first wavelength-converted light by a first wavelength shift amount of ??1 relative to a central wavelength of an input light. The second wavelength convertor shifts a central wavelength of a second wavelength-converted light by a second wavelength shift amount of ??2 relative to a central wavelength of the first wavelength-converted light. The first wavelength shift amount of ??1 and the second wavelength shift amount of ??2 satisfy ??1+??2=??.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes, a first polarization separation and combination portion, a second polarization separation and combination portion, a first polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber, a second polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber, a third polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber of which a first end is coupled with the second input and output terminal of the second polarization separation and combination portion, the third polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber including a first optical coupler, to which control light that is linearly polarized light is input, a fourth polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber of which a first end is coupled with the third input and output terminal of the second polarization separation and combination portion; and a first polarization plane conversion portion that optically communicates with a second end of the third polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber and a second end of the fourth polarization plane-maintaining optical fiber.

Abstract: A heterocyclic compound of the formula (I): wherein B1 is —C(R2)? or —N?; R1? is H, etc.; one of R1 and R2 is -Z1-Z2-Z3-R5 wherein Z1 and Z3 are independently single bond, optionally substituted alkylene, etc.; Z2 is single bond, optionally substituted alkylene, etc.; R5 is optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, etc., and the other of R1 and R2 is H; -A1- is —C(—Y)?C(—RA)—C(—R3)?C(—R4)—, etc. wherein Y is OH, etc.; RA is —COR7 wherein R7 is OH, etc.; one of R3 and R4 is carboxy, etc., and the other of R1 and R2 is H, etc, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a solvate thereof, having an antiviral activity, more particularly, an inhibitory activity against HIV integrase, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same, especially an anti-HIV drug.

Abstract: A heterocyclic compound of the formula (I): wherein B1 is —C(R2)? or —N?; R1? is H, etc.; one of R1 and R2 is -Z1-Z2-Z3-R5 wherein Z1 and Z3 are independently single bond, optionally substituted alkylene, etc.; Z2 is single bond, optionally substituted alkylene, etc.; R5 is optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, etc., and the other of R1 and R2 is H; -A1- is —C(—Y)?C(—RA)—C(—R3)?C(—R4)—, etc. wherein Y is OH, etc.; RA is —COR7 wherein R7 is OH, etc.; one of R3 and R4 is carboxy, etc., and the other of R1 and R2 is H, etc, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a solvate thereof, having an antiviral activity, more particularly, an inhibitory activity against HIV integrase, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same, especially an anti-HIV drug.

Abstract: The present invention features compounds that are HIV integrase inhibitors and therefore are useful in the inhibition of HIV replication, the prevention and/or treatment of infection by HIV, and in the treatment of AIDS and/or ARC.