Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, a partition electrode, a luminescent layer and a voltage source. The luminescent layer includes a luminescent material emitting light rays due to an electrochemical oxidation or reduction reaction thereof. The voltage source is configured to generate a driving voltage between the first and second electrodes so as to apply first and second potentials, wherein the first and second potentials are maintained at one and opposite polarities in respect to the reference potential during a predetermined segment period respectively and are periodically reversed, each of the first and second potentials is changed first to second absolute levels during the predetermined segment period, the second absolute potential is determined depending on the gradation of input image data, and the first absolute potential is higher than the second absolute potential.

Abstract: A display device includes: an optical cell including: a first electrode; a second electrode; an ion conduction layer facing the first electrode and the second electrode and containing a mobile ion; and a first nanostructure provided between the first electrode and the ion conduction layer and being electrically connected to the first electrode. The first nanostructure has a first plasmon resonance wavelength in a visible light region and contains a first metal element. A first metal compound layer which contains the first metal element contained in the first nanostructure and has a refractive index different from a refractive index of the ion conduction layer is formed on at least a part of a surface of the first nanostructure by applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: An inkjet recording apparatus includes: a head unit including: an ultrasonic wave generation unit that generates ultrasonic waves; an ultrasonic wave focus unit that focuses the ultrasonic waves to an ultrasonic wave focus position; an ultrasonic wave transmission unit that propagates the ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic wave focus unit; and a wall plate that covers the ultrasonic wave generation unit, the ultrasonic wave focus unit and the ultrasonic wave transmission unit; an annular film that rotates while sliding along an exterior of the head unit; a film drive mechanism that rotates the film; and an ink application unit that applies ink over the film to form an ink layer, wherein the ultrasonic wave focus position of the head unit is directing to a position of the ink layer so as to eject an ink from the ink layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a first switching layer switchable between a first color state and a translucent state, a second switching layer switchable between a second color state and a translucent state, a third switching layer switchable between a third color state and a translucent state, a first colored layer,a second colored layer, a third colored layer, and an intermediate layer provided between the first switching layer and the first colored layer. Mixing colors in the first color state, the second color state and the third color state produces achromatic color.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal layer includes scattering liquid crystal is held between first and second substrates. The bottom surface of the second substrate is provided with a first prism array, which is extended along a first direction, and comprises a prism body arranged along a second direction. The bottom surface of the first prism array is provided with a second prism array, which is extended along the second direction, and comprises a prism body arranged along the first direction. The sum of the apex angles of the first and second prism arrays is set within a range from 180° to 240°. One of the apex angles is set larger than 90°.

Abstract: An inkjet recording apparatus includes: a head unit including: an ultrasonic wave generation unit that generates ultrasonic waves; an ultrasonic wave focus unit that focuses the ultrasonic waves to an ultrasonic wave focus position; an ultrasonic wave transmission unit that propagates the ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic wave focus unit; and a wall plate that covers the ultrasonic wave generation unit, the ultrasonic wave focus unit and the ultrasonic wave transmission unit; an annular film that rotates while sliding along an exterior of the head unit; a film drive mechanism that rotates the film; and an ink application unit that applies ink over the film to form an ink layer, wherein the ultrasonic wave focus position of the head unit is directing to a position of the ink layer so as to eject an ink from the ink layer.

Abstract: A display unit includes a prism layer comprising a light receiving surface, first facets extending along and facing with the light receiving surface, and second facets intersecting with the first facets, the first facets receiving incident light via the light receiving surface and reflecting them in a direction different from the light, and the second facets receiving light reflected by the first facets; first color layers placed on the second facets; a medium layer including a first medium that has a first refractive index causing total reflection of the light at a border between the first medium and the first facets, and a second medium that has a second refractive index enabling to pass through the light at a border between the second medium and the first facets, and the first and second media being movable in the medium layer; and a contact device configured to selectively bringing the first medium or the second medium into contact with the first facet.

Abstract: A display device includes a prism layer including a plurality of prisms on a surface thereof, a support layer facing with the prisms on the prism layer: a medium layer placed between the prism layer and the support layer, and including a first medium having a first refractive index and a second medium having a second refractive index, the first and second media being freely movable in the medium layer, and electrodes supplying a potential difference between the prism layer and the support layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed in an IOI system which predicts surface potentials of a photosensitive drum positioned in developing positions of individual developing devices from detection results of the surface potentials by two surface potential sensors per developing device, disposed before/after the developing device of each of the plurality of image forming units before/after expose and which controls a charging device in such a manner that a predicted value of the surface potential before the expose indicates a defined developing reference value and which controls an exposing device in such a manner that the predicted value of the surface potential after the expose indicates a defined expose reference value. The image forming units of second and subsequent colors, a charging amount by the charging device is controlled in consideration of charging histories by the charging devices of previous colors.

Abstract: There is disclosed in an IOI system which predicts surface potentials of a photosensitive drum positioned in developing positions of individual developing devices from detection results of the surface potentials by two surface potential sensors per developing device, disposed before/after the developing device of each of the plurality of image forming units before/after expose and which controls a charging device in such a manner that a predicted value of the surface potential before the expose indicates a defined developing reference value and which controls an exposing device in such a manner that the predicted value of the surface potential after the expose indicates a defined expose reference value. The image forming units of second and subsequent colors, a charging amount by the charging device is controlled in consideration of charging histories by the charging devices of previous colors.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus according to the present invention, which records an image onto a recording medium by flying an ink-droplet from a surface of an ink by a pressure of ultrasonic beam, is characterized by comprising ultrasonic generating element array which has a plurality of ultrasonic elements arranged in array for emitting ultrasonic beams, driving means for applying a plurality of pulses having different phases each other to converging ultrasonic beams by interfering said plurality of ultrasonic beams with each other emitted from said ultrasonic generating elements of a part of said ultrasonic generating element array, which are simultaneously driven, with sequentially shifting said ultrasonic generating elements simultaneously driven to an array direction, and converging means for converging each of said plurality of ultrasonic beams in a direction of perpendicular to the array direction.

Abstract: An ink jet recording device for applying an electric force to an ink to cause an ink particle to fly onto a recording medium for recording, comprises: a control substrate arranged so as to face the recording medium, said control substrate comprising an insulating supporting substrate, and first and second control electrodes arranged on both sides of the insulating supporting substrate, said control substrate having at least one through hole which passes through said first and second control electrodes and said insulating supporting substrate; ink supply source for supplying an ink into said through hole of said control substrate; and signal voltage supply source for applying a signal voltage between said first and second control electrodes, in accordance with a picture signal for causing an ink particle to fly out of said through hole toward said recording medium.

Abstract: In the ink jet recording apparatus for recording an image by supplying ink obtained by dispersing color material components in a solvent to a head substrate and by jetting ink drops containing at least the color material components to a recording medium on the basis of electrostatic force applied to the color material components, the recording apparatus comprises a driving circuit (107) for applying voltages to electrodes of an electrode array (102) arranged on a head substrate (101), in such a way that a first potential difference whose potential level relationship is reversed at a predetermined period between the two adjacent electrodes can be applied when the color material components are cohered and/or stirred on the head substrate, and a second potential difference different from the first potential difference between the two adjacent electrodes can be applied when the ink drops are jetted toward a recording medium.

Abstract: An ink-jet head and its manufacturing method and an ink-jet recording device, which condense a color component in an ink with the color dissipated in a solvent, and record with the ink flown toward a record medium. A protruded-type electrode and its leading electrode are formed on a supporting substrate. An ink-guide-groove which is formed from the bottom section to the pointed end portion on the wall surface, is provided at the protruded-type electrode. A connected portion by the protruded-type electrode of the leading electrode and an end portion of an opposite portion are exposed outward. A plurality of protruded-type electrodes are provided on the supporting substrate along main scanning direction X. The shape of the protruded-type electrode is pyramid, and its pointed end portion is sharpened. Ink guide grooves are formed on each wall surface of the pyramid of the protruded-type electrode.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus records an image onto a recording medium by flying an ink-droplet from an ink surface by a pressure of an ultrasonic beam. The apparatus including an ultrasonic generating element array having a plurality of ultrasonic elements arranged in an array for emitting ultrasonic beams, a driving device for applying a plurality of pulses having different phases from each other, and a converging device for converging the ultrasonic beams by interfering the ultrasonic beams with each other. The generating elements are simultaneously driven and sequentially shifted in an array direction, and the converging device converging the ultrasonic beams in a direction perpendicular to the array direction.

Abstract: An auxiliary substrate is provided so as to face a main substrate to which ink is supplied and the pattern of a voltage applied to an auxiliary electrode array formed on the auxiliary substrate is controlled. In a printing operation, the coloring material components are sent to the vicinity of an ink droplet emitting outlet and the coloring material components in the ink where the coloring material is dispersed in solvent are concentrated. Then, they are emitted from the ink droplet emitting outlet in the form of ink droplets and are forced to fly at a printing medium, thereby printing on the medium. In a non-printing operation, the auxiliary electrode array is controlled so that the coloring material components may be kept away from the ink droplet emitting outlet and the concentration of the coloring material components in the ink near the ink droplet emitting outlet is made lower than in a printing operation.

Abstract: An ink jet printing apparatus, in which the ink having colorants distributed in a solvent is supplied over the electrode array on the surface of the head substrate such that the electrode array is completely covered by the ink, while voltages are applied to the electrode array to produce an electric field for exerting an electrostatic force on the colorants in the ink such that the colorants are compressed and ejected toward a recording medium. Each individual electrode constituting the electrode array can have a tip end portion projecting from the surface of the head substrate. The apparatus also has an element for compressing colorants distributed in a solvent of an ink and an element for ejecting the compressed colorants toward a recording medium which are provided separately. In addition, the apparatus can incorporate an element for conveying colorants in the ink through the ink supply passage toward the colorant ejection point on the electrode array.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording apparatus including a recording medium which forms a latent image of a recording picture and then forms the recording picture, a charger which uniformly charges the recording medium, an imaging unit which forms an electrostatic latent image onto the uniformly charged recording medium, a developer which develops the electrostatic image formed on the recording medium and forms the recording picture, the developer including a development roller, and an electric field generator arranged near the developer to generate an electric field orthogonal to a rotating direction of the development roller.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording apparatus including a recording medium which forms a latent image of a recording picture and then forms the recording picture, a charger which uniformly charges the recording medium, an imaging unit which forms an electrostatic latent image onto the uniformly charged recording medium, a developer which develops the electrostatic image formed on the recording medium and forms the recording picture, the developer including a development roller, and an electric field generator arranged near the developer to generate an electric field orthogonal to a rotating direction of the development roller.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus which includes a recording medium for carrying an electrostatic image, an ink-ejecting section opposing the recording medium and located in non-contact state with respect to the recording medium medium, and having an ink holding section for holding ink and an opening section for ejecting ink, at least one counter electrode located in the ink-ejecting section to be immersed in ink. The ink is ejected by virtue of an electric field between the electrostatic image formed on the recording medium and the counter electrode.