Abstract: A direct current power supply apparatus that converts direct current input voltage supplied from a direct current power supply and that outputs a direct current voltage at a different potential is shown. The apparatus includes a switching power supply apparatus and a current stabilizing circuit connected at a stage before or after the switching power supply apparatus. The switching power supply apparatus includes, an oscillating circuit in which a frequency is variable and that generates an oscillating signal to apply a switching frequency, and an oscillating control circuit that generates an oscillating control voltage or an oscillating control current that changes the frequency of the oscillating circuit to the frequency longer than the switching frequency.

Abstract: A voltage detection circuit including a voltage input terminal, a voltage dividing circuit, a voltage comparison circuit, an output terminal, a detection voltage adjustment terminal, a voltage-current conversion circuit, and a constant current source. A voltage to be monitored is input to the voltage input terminal. The voltage dividing circuit includes series resistors between the voltage input terminal and a constant voltage terminal. The voltage comparison circuit compares a voltage divided by the voltage dividing circuit with a predetermined voltage. The comparison result is output from the output terminal. An external resistor is connected to the detection voltage adjustment terminal. The voltage-current conversion circuit is provided between the detection voltage adjustment terminal and the voltage dividing circuit. The constant current source is connected between an internal power supply voltage terminal and the detection voltage adjustment terminal.

Abstract: A voltage detection circuit including a voltage input terminal, a voltage dividing circuit, a voltage comparison circuit, an output terminal, a detection voltage adjustment terminal, a voltage-current conversion circuit, and a constant current source. A voltage to be monitored is input to the voltage input terminal. The voltage dividing circuit includes series resistors between the voltage input terminal and a constant voltage terminal. The voltage comparison circuit compares a voltage divided by the voltage dividing circuit with a predetermined voltage. The comparison result is output from the output terminal. An external resistor is connected to the detection voltage adjustment terminal. The voltage-current conversion circuit is provided between the detection voltage adjustment terminal and the voltage dividing circuit. The constant current source is connected between an internal power supply voltage terminal and the detection voltage adjustment terminal.

Abstract: A step-up DC-DC converter has a switching element for feeding current to an inductor; a rectifier connected to the output side of the inductor; and a control circuit performing on/off control of the switching element, based on an output voltage and a voltage corresponded to the inductor current. The control circuit further has a first voltage comparator circuit detecting fall of the output voltage down to the first reference voltage; a second voltage comparator circuit detecting that the inductor current reached a predetermined current value; and a voltage generation circuit generating a voltage inversely proportional to an input voltage and feeds the voltage, as a second reference voltage, to the second voltage comparator circuit. The switching element turns on, when the output voltage fell down to the first reference voltage, whereas the switching element turns off, when voltage proportional to the inductor current rose up to the second reference voltage.

Abstract: A reverse current preventing circuit of an N channel type switching MOS transistor connected between a voltage input terminal and an output terminal to control a conduction state between the voltage input terminal and the output terminal, the circuit comprises: a first MOS transistor connected between a substrate of the switching MOS transistor and a ground point; and a second MOS transistor connected between the substrate of the switching MOS transistor and a point having a piece of predetermined constant potential higher than that of the ground point, wherein the piece of predetermined constant potential higher than that of the ground point is applied to the substrate of the switching MOS transistor while the switching MOS transistor is made to be in its on-state, and ground potential is applied to the substrate of the switching MOS transistor while the switching MOS transistor is made to be in its off-state.

Abstract: A reverse current preventing circuit of an N channel type switching MOS transistor connected between a voltage input terminal and an output terminal to control a conduction state between the voltage input terminal and the output terminal, the circuit comprises: a first MOS transistor connected between a substrate of the switching MOS transistor and a ground point; and a second MOS transistor connected between the substrate of the switching MOS transistor and a point having a piece of predetermined constant potential higher than that of the ground point, wherein the piece of predetermined constant potential higher than that of the ground point is applied to the substrate of the switching MOS transistor while the switching MOS transistor is made to be in its on-state, and ground potential is applied to the substrate of the switching MOS transistor while the switching MOS transistor is made to be in its off-state.

Abstract: A glass coating agent is provided which is adapted for application onto the surface of a glass substrate and, upon heating, forms a metal oxide layer. The glass coating agent comprises a metallic compound represented by formula (I): R1k-mM(OCOR2)m??(I) wherein M represents a metal atom selected from the group consisting of tin, titanium, indium, silicon, zirconium, and aluminum; R1 represents a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R2 represents a branched alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; k is a number representing the valence of the metal atom M; and m is a number of 1 to k. Further, there is provided a glass coating method using the glass coating agent. According to the glass coating agent, a metal oxide layer having excellent fastness properties and free from haze can be formed on the surface of glass substrates. According to the glass coating method, the metal oxide layer can be continuously and stably produced.

Abstract: A glass coating agent is provided which is adapted for application onto the surface of a glass substrate and, upon heating, forms a metal oxide layer.