Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other with a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, first and second electrodes provided on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer to drive the liquid crystal layer, and a reflecting layer provided on a part of the side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. Each pixel region includes a reflective display region where light incoming from the second substrate is reflected by the reflecting layer toward the second substrate to perform display and a transmissive display region where light incoming from the first substrate is transmitted toward the second substrate to perform display. The liquid crystal layer has horizontal alignment in an initial alignment state.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposed to each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween, in which a first electrode and a second electrode are provided on a side of the first substrate opposed to the liquid crystal layer and the liquid crystal layer is driven by means of an electric field generated between the first electrode and the second electrode. A reflective display area for reflective display and a transmissive display area for transmissive display are formed in a sub pixel area. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective display area is greater than the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display area. A retardation layer is selectively formed in an area corresponding to at least the reflective display area on a side of the second substrate opposed to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal layer interposed between first and second substrates; a first electrode provided on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; and a second electrode having a plurality of linear portions, an electric field being generated between the first and second electrodes. A reflective display portion and a transmissive display portion provided with the first and second electrodes are included in one pixel. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective display portion is set smaller than that of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display portion. First and second polarizers having transmission axes approximately perpendicular to each other are provided on outer sides of the first and second substrates, respectively. The transmission axis of one of the first and second polarizers is set approximately in parallel to a liquid crystal orientation direction of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A focus adjustment apparatus or an image capturing apparatus is provided with a system controller. The system controller calculates a correlation value between an image in a focus detection area when a focusing lens is located at a lens position apart by a predetermined distance from a lens position where a focus evaluation value reaches a peak value, to a close end side, and an image in a focus detection area when a focusing lens is located at a lens position apart by a predetermined distance from a lens position where a focus evaluation value reaches a peak value, to an infinity side, and determines a lens position corresponding to a peak value to be a focused lens position, when a correlation value calculated by the correlation value calculation unit is over a predetermined value.

Abstract: The invention provides a thin reflective plate having cholesteric liquid crystal that can prevent or reduce a decrease of reflection efficiency. A reflective plate includes a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of regions in which the helical axes of the cholesteric liquid crystal are aligned in different directions in the plane of a substrate, and therefore, the regions can reflect color light components having different wavelengths. Consequently, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer can reflect light formed of light components of different colors (for example, white light) as a whole. When the reflective plate is applied to a reflective liquid crystal display device or the like, it is possible to appropriately reflect white light for display.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus which performs connection setting to a desired processing apparatus among more than one processing apparatus connected to a network comprises a control unit which instructs each of the processing apparatuses so as to perform identification display for identifying the processing apparatus, and an imaging unit which image the identification displays performed by the processing apparatuses based on the instructions. The control unit specifies the desired processing apparatus to perform connection setting on the basis of data acquired by imaging the identification display by means of the imaging unit.

Abstract: To provide a transflective liquid crystal display device capable of obtaining a display with a high brightness, a high contrast, and a wide viewing angle, a vertical alignment mode using liquid crystal layer whose initial alignment state represents a vertical alignment is utilized, the reflective display region is provided to surround the periphery of the transmissive display region within a single dot region, and an insulating film for regulating the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is provided in a region corresponding to the reflective display region R in the periphery of the dot. In addition, in the substrate (counter substrate) opposite to the side where the insulating film is formed, an opening is provided in a common electrode at a position corresponding to the boundary between the reflective display region and the transmissive display region.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus includes an optical system which forms an image of a subject. An image sensor converts the image formed by the optical system into a video signal. A focus operating unit changes the focusing status produced by the optical system according to a manual operation. An autofocus unit adjusts the focus of the optical system so as to be able to obtain the best in-focus condition according to the video signal from the image sensor. The autofocus unit is adapted to adjust the focus of the optical system within the focusing range determined according to a characteristic of the optical system after a change of the focusing status by the focus operating unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a pair of substrates including an element substrate and a counter substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, the liquid crystal layer being composed of liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy, an initial alignment state thereof being vertical; pixel electrodes provided on the element substrate to drive the liquid crystal layer; and a transmissive display region for transmissive display and a reflective display region for reflective display provided within one dot region. At least an outer region of the pixel electrodes and a region overlapping edges of the pixel electrodes in plan view become the reflective display region, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective display region is approximately equal to that of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display region.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes an optical system which forms an image of a shooting subject. A driving section drives the optical system. A focus operation section transmits a driving direction and a driving amount of the optical system on the basis of a manual operation. An image pickup element converts the image of the shooting subject formed by the optical system into a video signal. An evaluation section evaluates a focus condition of at least one area within a photographing field on the basis of the video signal from the image pickup element. An autofocus adjustment section selects an area which is determined to be focused as a result of the evaluation of the focus condition and drives the optical system to a position corresponding to the area determined to be focused.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an element substrate; a counter substrate opposite to the element substrate; a liquid crystal layer that is formed between the element substrate and the counter substrate; and dot sections each having a transmissive display section for performing transmissive display and a reflective display section for performing reflective display. The element substrate includes switching elements, an insulating film formed on the switching elements, and pixel electrodes formed on the insulating film. The switching elements are electrically connected to the pixel electrodes through contact holes that are formed in the insulating film. Each of the pixel electrodes has a transparent electrode portion for the transmissive display and a reflective electrode portion for the reflective display. The switching element is arranged below the reflective electrode portion of a second dot section adjacent to a first dot section that is driven by the switching element.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display device and an electronic apparatus in which deterioration of contrast due to a protrusion or a slit used for division of alignment can be prevented in the liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal which has a negative dielectric anisotropy exhibiting vertical alignment as an initial alignment state. There is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer, which includes a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy exhibiting vertical alignment as an initial alignment state, between a pair of substrates and disposed to be opposite to each other, in which alignment control means for controlling alignment of the liquid crystal layer is provided on at least one of electrodes provided on the pair of substrates, and in which a light-shielding film BM two-dimensionally overlapped with the alignment control means is provided on at least one substrate of the pair of substrates.

Abstract: A structure of a multi-gap liquid crystal display is provided in which high-quality images can be displayed even when the orientation of the crystal molecules is disordered in the border regions between a transmissive display region and a reflective display region and between adjacent pixel regions that can be easily manufactured at low cost. The liquid crystal display has a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. A light-reflecting layer for defining a reflective display region and a transmissive display region is formed in a pixel region. A thickness-adjusting layer having a recess corresponding to the transmissive display region inside an opening is formed above the light-reflecting layer. A color filter overlap is formed at the border region between the reflective display region and the transmissive display region. The color filter overlap is either in direct contact with or distant from the thickness-adjusting layer.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display device and an electronic apparatus in which deterioration of contrast due to a protrusion or a slit used for division of alignment can be prevented in the liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal which has a negative dielectric anisotropy exhibiting vertical alignment as an initial alignment state. There is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer, which includes a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy exhibiting vertical alignment as an initial alignment state, between a pair of substrates and disposed to be opposite to each other, in which alignment control means for controlling alignment of the liquid crystal layer is provided on at least one of electrodes provided on the pair of substrates, and in which a light-shielding film BM two-dimensionally overlapped with the alignment control means is provided on at least one substrate of the pair of substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an element substrate; a counter substrate opposite to the element substrate; a liquid crystal layer that is formed between the element substrate and the counter substrate; and dot sections each having a transmissive display section for performing transmissive display and a reflective display section for performing reflective display. The element substrate includes switching elements, an insulating film formed on the switching elements, and pixel electrodes formed on the insulating film. The switching elements are electrically connected to the pixel electrodes through contact holes that are formed in the insulating film. Each of the pixel electrodes has a transparent electrode portion for the transmissive display and a reflective electrode portion for the reflective display. The switching element is arranged below the reflective electrode portion of a second dot section adjacent to a first dot section that is driven by the switching element.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystalline polymer composition comprising: 100 parts by weight of a LCP, and equal to or more than 0.01 and less than 1 part by weight of a low temperature softening inorganic glass filler whose softening temperature is equal to or less than 550° C. The composition can provide a molded article which cause no or less blister formation upon reflow soldering using a lead-free solder.