Abstract: A pad liner includes a first pad clip that surrounds and is coupled to a side protrusion protruding in a lateral direction from a brake pad, and a torque support located under the first pad clip and between a side surface of the brake pad and the caliper body. The torque support supports a braking torque. The first pad clip includes a reference surface located on one of a top surface and a bottom surface of the side protrusion, a vertical elastic portion located on an opposite side from the reference surface that pressurizes the side protrusion in a direction of the reference surface, and a clip side portion that connects the reference surface and the vertical elastic portion and surrounds a side surface of the side protrusion. The pad liner minimizes a vertical gap and movement of the brake pad.

Abstract: A storage device is disclosed. The storage device may comprise storage for input encoded data. A controller may process read requests and write requests from a host computer on the data in the storage. An in-storage compute controller may receive a predicate from the host computer to be applied to the input encoded data. A transcoder may include an index mapper to map an input dictionary to an output dictionary, with one entry in the input dictionary mapped to an entry in the output dictionary, and another entry in the input dictionary mapped to a “don't care” entry in the output dictionary.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode including a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer formed on the cathode current collector, and an anode including an anode current collector and an anode active material layer formed on the anode current collector. The anode active material layer has an area larger than that of the cathode active material layer. The cathode active material layer includes a central portion and an outer portion surrounding the central portion, and the outer portion has a specific capacity less than that of the central portion.

Abstract: Provided is a method of database management including locating, with a recovery logic, a first metadata table using a beginning metadata table key, reading, by the recovery logic, the first metadata table, retrieving, with the recovery logic, a first next metadata table key of the first metadata table, locating, by the recovery logic, a second metadata table based on the first next metadata table key or based on a third next metadata table key of a third metadata table having a third metadata table range between a first metadata table range of the first metadata table and a second metadata table range of the second metadata table, reading, by the recovery logic, the second metadata table, determining, by the recovery logic, the second metadata table lacks valid keys in the second metadata table range, and making available, by the recovery logic, memory space associated with the second metadata table.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing polycrystalline silicon ingot using a crucible in which an oxygen exhaust passage is formed by single crystal or polycrystalline rods, the method including the steps of: manufacturing the single crystal or polycrystalline silicon rods each having the shape of a quadrilateral pillar; putting the single crystal or polycrystalline quadrilateral pillar-shaped silicon rods into the crucible in such a manner as to be arranged close to one another along the inner peripheral surface of the crucible to thus form a space portion inside the single crystal or polycrystalline silicon rods, into which silicon chunks are put, and the oxygen exhaust passages between the inner peripheral surface of the crucible and the respective surfaces of the single crystal or polycrystalline silicon rods oriented toward the inner peripheral surface of the crucible; putting the silicon chunks into the space portion of the crucible; and melting and crystallizing the silicon chunks.

Abstract: A storage device is disclosed. The storage device may comprise storage for input encoded data. A controller may process read requests and write requests from a host computer on the data in the storage. An in-storage compute controller may receive a predicate from the host computer to be applied to the input encoded data. A transcoder may include an index mapper to map an input dictionary to an output dictionary, with one entry in the input dictionary mapped to an entry in the output dictionary, and another entry in the input dictionary mapped to a “don't care” entry in the output dictionary.

Abstract: A method includes storing, at a computing device, access granularity criteria associated with a memory area. The method further includes receiving a memory operation request requesting access to a first portion of the memory area at the first access granularity. The method further includes in response to the memory operation request satisfying the access granularity criteria, sending, from the computing device, a command to a storage device based on the memory operation request.

Abstract: Provided is a method of linking multiple KV blocks in a KV chain to ensure data consistency, the method including allocating an internal key to both a first KV block and a recovery begin internal key, allocating a next internal key that is different from the internal key and that corresponds to a next KV block, and encapsulating respective user key values in the first KV block and in the next KV block, wherein the first KV block is accessed by reading the recovery begin internal key, and wherein the next KV block is accessed by reading the next internal key of the first KV block.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method for searching for a target key in a database, the method including populating a hash-offset table of a sorted key table with hash-offset table entries, the hash-offset table entries having a hash-value corresponding to a respective key, and a hash offset, sorting the hash-offset table entries based on the hash-values, searching for a target hash-value of the hash-values corresponding to a target key in the hash-offset table, locating a target key-value pair corresponding to the target key based on the target hash-value, and saving a location of the target key-value pair.

Abstract: Provided is a method of adjusting prefetching operations, the method including setting a prefetching distance, accessing a prefetching-trigger key, determining a target key is outside of the prefetching distance from the prefetching-trigger key, increasing the prefetching distance, and successfully fetching a subsequent target key of a subsequent prefetching-trigger key from a prefetching read-ahead buffer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of data storage, the method including receiving a write request including a user key, determining the user key exists in a cache, generating or updating metadata corresponding to the user key, writing data corresponding to the write request to a storage device, converting the metadata to a device format corresponding to the storage device, and storing the metadata on the storage device.

Abstract: Provided is a method of data storage, the method including identifying a plurality of transactions in a pending queue, the transactions having one or more key value updates respectively corresponding to a plurality of keys, identifying a commonly associated key of the plurality of keys associated with commonly associated key value updates of the key value updates belonging to different ones of the transactions, respectively assigning transaction group IDs to the transactions based on respective transaction IDs assigned to the transaction group IDs, grouping the transactions into a respective transaction group of a plurality of transaction groups based on the assigned transaction group ID, and merging conflicting data writes corresponding to the commonly associated key value updates of the commonly associated key for grouped transactions of the transactions that are in a same one of the transaction groups.

Abstract: Provided is a method of adjusting prefetching operations, the method including setting a prefetching distance, accessing a prefetching-trigger key, determining a target key is outside of the prefetching distance from the prefetching-trigger key, increasing the prefetching distance, and successfully fetching a subsequent target key of a subsequent prefetching-trigger key from a prefetching read-ahead buffer.

Abstract: A storage device is disclosed. The storage device may comprise storage for input encoded data. A controller may process read requests and write requests from a host computer on the data in the storage. An in-storage compute controller may receive a predicate from the host computer to be applied to the input encoded data. A transcoder may include an index mapper to map an input dictionary to an output dictionary, with one entry in the input dictionary mapped to an entry in the output dictionary, and another entry in the input dictionary mapped to a “don't care” entry in the output dictionary.

Abstract: A storage device is disclosed. The storage device may comprise storage for input encoded data. A controller may process read requests and write requests from a host computer on the data in the storage. An in-storage compute controller may receive a predicate from the host computer to be applied to the input encoded data. A transcoder may include an index mapper to map an input dictionary to an output dictionary, with one entry in the input dictionary mapped to an entry in the output dictionary, and another entry in the input dictionary mapped to a “don't care” entry in the output dictionary.

Abstract: Provided is a method of database management, the method including identifying an attribute of a metadata table causing increased input/output overhead associated with accessing the metadata table, and dividing the metadata table into one or more submetadata tables to reduce or eliminate the attribute, or to isolate the attribute to one of the submetadata tables.

Abstract: Provided is a key value store for storing data to a storage device, the key value store being configured to insert a key and key information, which includes a device key, a value size, a sequence number, and another attribute of the key, into an unsorted queue after storing a key value block in the storage device, insert the key and the key information into, or update the key and the key information in, a sorted metadata table, insert the key information corresponding to the key, and including a key information table ID and an offset of the key information, into a key information table, write the key information table to a storage device, and write the sorted metadata table as an eviction candidate to the storage device.

Abstract: Provided is a method of data storage, the method including receiving a write request including a user key, determining the user key exists in a cache, generating or updating metadata corresponding to the user key, writing data corresponding to the write request to a storage device, converting the metadata to a device format corresponding to the storage device, and storing the metadata on the storage device

Abstract: A transcoder is disclosed. The transcoder may comprise a buffer to store input encoded data. An index mapper may map an input dictionary to an output dictionary. A current encode buffer may store a modified current encoded data, which may be responsive to the input encoded data, the input dictionary, and the map from the input dictionary to the output dictionary. A previous encode buffer may store a modified previous encoded data, which may be responsive to the input encoded data, the input dictionary, and the map from the input dictionary to the output dictionary. A rule evaluator may generate an output stream responsive to the modified current encoded data in the current encode buffer, the modified previous encoded data in the previous encode buffer, and transcoding rules.

Abstract: A transcoder is disclosed. The transcoder may comprise a buffer to store input encoded data. An index mapper may map an input dictionary to an output dictionary. A current encode buffer may store a modified current encoded data, which may be responsive to the input encoded data, the input dictionary, and the map from the input dictionary to the output dictionary. A previous encode buffer may store a modified previous encoded data, which may be responsive to the input encoded data, the input dictionary, and the map from the input dictionary to the output dictionary. A rule evaluator may generate an output stream responsive to the modified current encoded data in the current encode buffer, the modified previous encoded data in the previous encode buffer, and transcoding rules.