Abstract: A wireless communication module includes a controller configured to control wireless communication operations, an antenna module that includes a first antenna device, and a matching circuit configured to perform impedance matching between the controller and the antenna module, wherein the first antenna device includes a heat dissipating sheet with a first pattern that transceives wireless signals by detecting a surrounding magnetic flux.

Abstract: A device for transmitting a reply message is provided. The device includes a communication unit configured to receive a question message from another device, a controller configured to determine a category of the question message, a display unit configured to display a user interface (UI) for selecting data to be included in a reply message to the question message, according to the category, and a user input unit configured to receive a user input of selecting data to be included in the reply message through the UI, wherein the communication unit transmits the reply message including the data to the other device.

Abstract: A method for detecting intrusion into an in-vehicle network using an intrusion detection system (IDS) of a vehicle includes: receiving messages of the in-vehicle network in a preset cycle, calculating a current count value per message of the received messages, receiving operation state information of the vehicle when the cycle starts, determining a normal count value per message corresponding to the operation state information, calculating a linearly approximated relative distance function per message using the current count value and the normal count value, and determining whether an intrusion state occurs by comparing the calculated linearly approximated relative distance function per message to a preset threshold value.

Abstract: A tire pressure management system with enhanced wireless security and a control method thereof are provided. The tire pressure management system includes initiators configured to wirelessly transmit a tire information request signal to tire pressure sensors when the initiators receive a first signal, a receiver configured to receive packets including the tire information from the tire pressure sensors, and an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to transmit the first signal to the initiators. Further the ECU is configured to measure a delay after transmission of the first signal until the packets are received. The ECU is also configured to transmit the tire information within the received packets to a cluster or drop the received packets in response to the delay.

Abstract: A method of performing cross-authentication in a vehicle controller interworking with an external device includes: generating a random number S and transmitting the random number S to the external device according to an authentication request message received from the external device; generating a variable i using a first function having the random number S as a parameter; generating a first session key Ks using a second function having the variable i and a pre-stored secret key K as parameters; receiving a first response key from the external device; generating a second response key using a third function having the random number S, the variable i and the first session key Ks as parameters; and authenticating the external device based on whether the first response key is equal to the second response key.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a plurality of first hard mask patterns separated by a plurality of trenches on a target layer, forming a plurality of second hard mask patterns filling the plurality of trenches, forming a plurality of first opening units in the plurality of second hard mask patterns, forming a plurality of second opening units in the plurality of first hard mask patterns and forming a plurality of patterns using the plurality of first opening units and the plurality of second opening units, which are transferred by etching the target layer.

Abstract: A fixing bracket of a reducer for a sprinkler, the fixing bracket including: a body portion including a bottom wall having a predetermined width and a pair of bather walls which are disposed at both sides of the bottom wall and between which the bottom wall is interposed, wherein an insertion portion through which a reducer is mounted on the body portion, is perforated in a center of the pair of barrier walls; and a coupling portion that is rotatably coupled to one side of the body portion using a hinge shaft, wherein a fastening concave groove is formed in a top end of one side of the bather walls of the body portion, and the coupling portion includes a cover member, a pivoting member that is pivotably coupled to the cover member, and a fastening member that is separably coupled to the pivoting member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for authenticating packets in a controller area network (CAN) are disclosed. The method includes transmitting messages using a mixture of message authentication codes (MACs) in a controller area network (CAN). In addition, a first MAC is generated using a first message and the first MAC is divided into a first MAC part and a second MAC part. A second MAC is generated using a second message and the second MAC is divided into a third MAC part and a fourth MAC part. A linear operation is performed between the second MAC part and the third MAC part to generate a first authentication MAC. The first message is transmitted with the first MAC part and the second message is transmitted with the first authentication MAC.

Abstract: A method of transmitting K messages using divided message authentication codes (MACs) in a controller area network (CAN) includes: generating a MAC using a first message and a specific MAC, performing a first operation with respect to j using j-th messages subsequent to the first message and a second MAC part of the generated MAC, performing a second operation with respect to j using a result of the performed first operation and a j-th subblock subsequent to a first MAC subblock among K MAC subblocks obtained by dividing a first MAC part of the generated MAC, transmitting the first message along with the first MAC subblock, and transmitting K-1 j-th messages in an order of j, each of the j-th messages being transmitted along with a j-th result of the performed second operation.

Abstract: A driving apparatus for a washing machine including: a housing; a brake drum rotatably disposed inside the housing; a dewatering shaft coupled to the brake drum; a washing shaft rotatably disposed inside the dewatering shaft; a rotor to which the washing shaft is coupled; a stator disposed inside the rotor; a brake lever disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing and adapted to operate a brake pad connected to one end thereof to control the rotation of the brake drum; a coupling clutch moved upwardly and downwardly along a lower end portion of the dewatering shaft; a clutch lever mounted on the housing and rotating upon the rotation of the brake lever to move the coupling clutch upwardly and downwardly; and a pressurizing lever coupled to the brake lever to rotate together with the brake lever and to push and rotate the clutch lever.

Abstract: An unwelded explosion-proof drain cable gland assembly includes: a gland nut that is disposed on an outer circumference of a flexible tube and has a seat protruding inward; a gland having a cylindrical compression pin part that is formed at an upper portion thereof, an annular flange that is formed integrally with the compression pin part and protruding in a radial outward direction, and a binding part that is integrally formed under the flange and is inserted into and bound to the flexible tube; a gland washer that is installed in front of the gland and comes into surface contact with an upper surface of the compression pin part; a rubber packing that is disposed in front of the gland washer and has a hollow interior; and a coupling into which the rubber packing is fitted and whose outer surface is threaded to be coupled with the gland nut.

Abstract: A fixing bracket of a reducer for a sprinkler, the fixing bracket including: a body portion including a bottom wall having a predetermined width and a pair of bather walls which are disposed at both sides of the bottom wall and between which the bottom wall is interposed, wherein an insertion portion through which a reducer is mounted on the body portion, is perforated in a center of the pair of barrier walls; and a coupling portion that is rotatably coupled to one side of the body portion using a hinge shaft, wherein a fastening concave groove is formed in a top end of one side of the bather walls of the body portion, and the coupling portion includes a cover member, a pivoting member that is pivotably coupled to the cover member, and a fastening member that is separably coupled to the pivoting member.

Abstract: Provided is a female screw connector suitable for connecting pipes. In some embodiments, the female screw connector includes a first body part, a second body part, a rotating connection part, and a fixed connection part. The first body part includes a first external thread portion and a projecting portion, and the second body part includes a second external thread portion and a bolt head portion. The rotating connection part includes a rotation guide portion and a first internal thread portion, and the fixed connection part includes a second internal thread portion. When assembled, the second external thread portion may be threadedly coupled with the second internal thread portion, and the first body part may extend at least partially through the fixed connection part. Also, the first body part, the second body part, the rotating connection part, and the fixed connection part may each be made of a plastic material.

Abstract: A gateway which performs more efficient reprogramming of a plurality of controllers and a control method thereof are provided. The gateway includes a processor that authenticates a diagnostic apparatus and a firmware group that includes a plurality of different firmware corresponding to one function using the firmware group and authentication information regarding the firmware group received from the diagnostic apparatus when authentication of the diagnostic apparatus is completed. In addition, the plurality of different firmware included in the authenticated firmware group are transmitted to the plurality of controllers corresponding thereto, respectively.

Abstract: A tire pressure management system with enhanced wireless security and a control method thereof are provided. The tire pressure management system includes initiators configured to wirelessly transmit a tire information request signal to tire pressure sensors when the initiators receive a first signal, a receiver configured to receive packets including the tire information from the tire pressure sensors, and an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to transmit the first signal to the initiators. Further the ECU is configured to measure a delay after transmission of the first signal until the packets are received. The ECU is also configured to transmit the tire information within the received packets to a cluster or drop the received packets in response to the delay.

Abstract: A firmware transmission method through which a server transmits firmware, includes generating a secret key using a designated secret key generation function, encrypting original firmware using the secret key, encrypting the secret key using a public key of a reception terminal which is stored in advance, and generating a hash value by inputting the original firmware to a designated hash function, and encrypting the generated hash value using a private key of the server which is stored in advance, wherein firmware data including the encrypted original firmware, the encrypted secret key, and the encrypted hash value is transmitted to the reception terminal. Therefore, the firmware transmission method provides safe firmware upgrade.

Abstract: An unwelded explosion-proof drain cable gland assembly includes: a gland nut that is disposed on an outer circumference of a flexible tube and has a seat protruding inward; a gland having a cylindrical compression pin part that is formed at an upper portion thereof, an annular flange that is formed integrally with the compression pin part and protruding in a radial outward direction, and a binding part that is integrally formed under the flange and is inserted into and bound to the flexible tube; a gland washer that is installed in front of the gland and comes into surface contact with an upper surface of the compression pin part; a rubber packing that is disposed in front of the gland washer and has a hollow interior; and a coupling into which the rubber packing is fitted and whose outer surface is threaded to be coupled with the gland nut.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including a first active region and second active regions, a bit line structure in contact the first active region, and storage node contacts in contact the second active regions. A top surface of the first active region is lower than the top surfaces of the second active regions.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a plurality of first hard mask patterns separated by a plurality of trenches on a target layer, forming a plurality of second hard mask patterns filling the plurality of trenches, forming a plurality of first opening units in the plurality of second hard mask patterns, forming a plurality of second opening units in the plurality of first hard mask patterns and forming a plurality of patterns using the plurality of first opening units and the plurality of second opening units, which are transferred by etching the target layer.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus of a dual standby mode mobile terminal for improving the emission performance are provided. The mobile terminal includes a master switch for connecting a master antenna to a master Radio Frequency (RF) unit for communication with a first network, a slave switch for connecting a slave antenna to a slave RF unit for communication with a second network, a slave control unit for controlling communication with the second network and for detecting attachment of a slave Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), and a master control unit for controlling communication with the first network, for detecting attachment of a master SIM, and for controlling the master and slave switches to establish/release either the connection between the master antenna and the master RF unit or the connection between the slave antenna and the slave RF unit.